study of the changes for pesticide residues after preparation and cooking potatoes and its effect on Albino rat

Food safety is an area of growing worldwide concern on account of its direct bearing on human health. Pesticides [ insecticides, fungicides, etc.] are used globally for the protection of food. The presence of harmful pesticide residues in food has caused a great concern among the consumers. This study aimed to determine and investigate the changes of pesticide residues in potatoes during preparation and processing, and investigating the health effects of pesticide residues on albino rats. Potatoes was collected from local market and analyzed for pesticide residues, imidaclopride, metalaxyl, and cloropropham were found. Results showed that all processing and preparing technique led to a decrease in pesticide residues. Treating potatoes by cooking [ boiling, streaming, grilling, roasting, frying, and microwave] led to reduce in imidaclopride residues by 99.71%, 94.71%, 99.43%, 98.14%, 98.42% and 90% respectively. While metalaxyl residues was reduced by 95.7%, 91.71%, 69.29%, 93.14%, 94.95% and 52.29% respectively. Cloropropham residues were reduced by 72.96%, 59.26%, and 51.85%, 37.04%, 62.96% and 41.67%, respectively. Feeding albino rats basal diet and different cooked potatoes led to significant increase [p<0.05] in serum AST, ALT, ALP, and MDA levels compared to positive control group. While there was no significant difference in serum total protein levels in all treated groups. The study demonstrate that in most cases processing leads to reductions in residues level in the cooked potatoes, particularly through boiling, but pesticide residues affect liver function and lipid oxidation. In addition it causes histological changes in the liver and lungs of rats

prophylactic effect of vegetable and fruit fibers and wheat bran on serum glucose, lipid profile and liver functions of rats feed hyperlipidemic diet

The aim of this work was to study the effect of dietary fiber sources like fruit fiber [apple peels], vegetable fiber [bean pods], cereal fiber [wheat bran] on serum glucose, lipid profile and liver functions of rats fed hyperlipidemic diet compared with nutraceutical bran capsules as well as positive and negative controls. Vegetables fiber, fruits fiber and wheat bran reduced the increase of serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein [LDL], very low density lipoprotein [VLDL], risk ratio and also declined liver enzymes activity; while, they increased serum high density lipoprotein- cholesterol of rats fed on hyperlipidemic diets compared with a positive control group. The dietary fiber gave better results compared with nutraceutical bran capsules in the aforementioned measurements. Lowest increasing percentages were obtained after eight weeks in the level of glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, risk ratio, LDL, VLDL, aspartate amino transferase [AST] and alanine amino transferase [ALT] where the values were 11.92, 45.3, 62.5, 37.5, 240.3, 45.5, 10.0 and 7.9%, respectively, in the serum of rats fed on dietary fiber sources, where the values were 24.13. 122.3, 46.5, 240.3, 257.0, 38.3 and 37.0% in the rats of the positive control group, respectively, as well as 10.72, 192.3, 37.4, 9.4, 22.3, 192.3, 10.0 and 10.3% in rats fed on diet contained nutraceutical bran capsules, respectively

Effect of dietary zinc supplementation and nutrition education on serum glucose, lipids, cholesterol and lipoproteins of diabetics

Twenty diabetic adults of both males and females aged between 26 to 24 years were housed for 3 weeks in the hospital and given the prescribed therapeutic diets containing 1000-1500 K cal, supplemented with 28 mg zinc daily. Another group consisted of 20 out-patients having the same age were advised to follow up diet management and to consume diets rich in zinc content. Blood glucose, cholesterol, total lipids and lipoproteins were measured before and after the treatment. The results indicated no significant differences for the biochemical parameters studied for the out-patient group due to they have not taken zinc supplementation or they have not followed up the advices given to them. While the inpatient group showed good response for blood sugar and LDL cholesterol which gave statistical differences, whereas the other parameters showed apparently no changes. It is recommended to increase the period of Hospitalization for at least 8 weeks and to increase the doses of supplemental zinc to get successful action for such treatment to control the disease