Preparation and pharmacokinetic evaluation of long-acting injectable oily suspensions for ophiopogonis radix polysaccharide MDG-1 / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate in vivo pharmacokinetics of Ophiopogonis Radix polysaccharide MDG-1 oily suspension injection prepared with different prescriptions in rats, and explore the feasibility of the long-acting drug delivery of MDG-1 Injection by using the oily suspension drug release system.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>MDG-1 microparticles were prepared by the anti-solvent precipitation method. Their size and size distribution were characterized. Castor oil with a high viscosity or aluminum stearate were added into soybean oil with a low viscosity, in order to prepare oily media with different viscosities, detect their rheological properties and screen out superior prescriptions for in vivo evaluation.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The average size of microparticles was 21.81 microm, and the span between them was 2.63. The in vivo evaluation was conducted for prescriptions of mixed oil (soybean oil/castor oil, 2: 3) and soybean oils gelled by 2% and 4% aluminium stearate. Among them, the prescription of soybean gelled by 4% aluminium stearate could significantly reduce C(max) and prolong the apparent t1/2, with the MDG-1 release time of several days.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It is feasible to achieve the long-acting MDG-1 drug delivery by using oily media with a high viscosity.</p>

Myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma: a clinicopathologic study of 6 cases with review of literature / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic features, immunophenotypes and differential diagnosis of myxoinflammatory fibroblastic sarcoma (MIFS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical and pathologic features of 6 cases of MIFS were analyzed. Immunohistochemical study was performed using the standard EnVision method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were altogether 2 adult males and 4 adult females (median age = 47 years and mean age = 50 years). Three cases were located in the lower extremities, 2 in the upper limbs and 1 in the axillary region. Common presentation included slowly growing mass or swelling in the extremities, accompanied by mild pain or tenderness. Grossly, the tumor appeared multinodular and ranged from 2.5 cm to 4.6 cm in diameter (mean = 3.4 cm). Microscopically, there was a dense inflammatory infiltrate merging with hyaline and myxoid zones in various proportions. Spindle-shaped tumor cells were seen admixed with large atypical cells which distributed singly or in small clusters, amongst an inflammatory, hyaline or a myxoid background. These atypical cells had large nuclei and prominent nucleoli, resembling virocytes, Reed-Sternberg cells or ganglion cells. Mitotic figures were rarely identified. Extracellular mucin associated with scattered monovacuolated or multivacuolated lipoblast-like cells was noted. Immunohistochemically, these bizarre cells were consistently positive for vimentin, but negative for a panel of antibodies including LCA, CD15, CD30, CD34, CD68, S-100, HMB45, AE1/AE3, smooth muscle actin and desmin. Follow-up result was available in 4 cases; and 2 of them showed local recurrence after an incomplete excision. There was no evidence of distant metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MISF is a low-grade sarcoma of fibroblastic differentiation. Awareness of the clinical and pathologic characteristics is helpful in arriving at the correct diagnosis and distinction from benign inflammatory fibromyxoid lesions.</p>

Profile of chromosomal imbalances in 10 cases of primary alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim of this study was to characterize the profile of chromosomal imbalances of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One-step RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of PAX3-FKHR and PAX7-FKHR fusion transcripts in 10 cases of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma and in an ARMS cell line. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was used to investigate the genomic imbalances in these cases. It was analyzed according to the histological type, pathologic grading, clinical staging, gender and age, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 10 patients with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma showed evidence of increased or decreased DNA sequence copy numbers involving one or more regions of the genome. (1) The frequently gained chromosome arms of ARMS were 12q, 2p, 6p, 6q, 10q, 2q, 4q, 15q, 1p, 9q, 14q and 18q (> or = 30.0%), and the frequently lost chromosome arms of ARMS were 3p, 6p, 20q and 21q (> 30.0%). (2) The frequently gained chromosome arm translocation associated with ARMS were 12q, 10q, 2p, 2q, 6p, 6q, 1p, 4q, 8q, 11q, 14q and 15q (> 30.0%). The frequently lost chromosome arms were 3p, 5q, 6p, 1q, 8p, 11p, 20q and 21q (> 30.0%). (3) There were no correlation between chromosome changes and histological type, pathologic grade, clinical stage, gender and age, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These observations suggest that: (1) 12q, 2p, 6p, 6q, 10q, 2q, 4q, 15q, 1p, 9q, 14q, 18q gain and 3p, 6p, 20q, 21q loss may correlated with ARMS-related carcinogenesis; (2) 12q gain may be correlated with translocation.</p>