Effect of 2,3-butanedione monoxime on calcium paradox-induced heart injury in rats / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the Effect of 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM) on calcium paradox-induced heart injury and its underlying mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two adult male SD rats were randomized into 4 groups, namely the control group, BDM treatment control group, calcium paradox group, and BDM treatment group. Isolated Sprague Dawley male rat hearts underwent Langendorff perfusion and the left ventricular pressure (LVP) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) were monitored. Left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) was calculated to evaluate the myocardial performance. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content in the coronary flow was determined. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was used to measure the infarct size, and myocardial cell apoptosis was tested with TUNEL method. Western blotting was used to determine the expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome c.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control group, BDM at 20 mmol/L had no effect on cardiac performance, cell death, apoptotic index or the content of LDH, cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome c at the end of perfusion under control conditions (P>0.05). Calcium paradox treatment significantly decreased the cardiac function and the level of LVDP and induced a larger infarct size (P<0.01), an increased myocardial apoptosis index (P<0.01), and up-regulated expressions of cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome c (P<0.01). BDM (20 mmol/L) significantly attenuated these effects induced by calcium paradox, and markedly down-regulated the levels of LVEDP and LDH (P<0.01), lowered myocardial apoptosis index, decreased the content of cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome c (P<0.01), increased LVDP, and reduced the infarct size (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BDM suppresses cell apoptosis and contracture and improves heart function and cell survival in rat hearts exposed to calcium paradox, suggesting the value of BDM as an potential drug for myocardial ischemia reperfusion injur.</p>

Measurement of cortical bone thickness in adults by cone-beam computerized tomography for orthodontic miniscrews placement / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cortical bone thickness of the inter-dental area of both jaws for orthodontic miniscrew placement. The cone-beam computerized tomography images of 32 non-orthodontic adults with normal occlusion were taken to measure the cortical bone thickness in both jaws. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the differences in cortical bone thickness. Buccal cortical bone in the mandible was thicker than that in the maxilla. In the maxilla, cortical bone thickness was thicker in the buccal side than in the palatal side. Buccal cortical bone thickness in the mandible was thickest at the site distal to the first molar, and in the maxilla it was thickest at the site mesial to the first molar, while in the palatal side of maxilla it was thickest at the site mesial to the second premolar. The changing pattern of cortical bone thickness varies at different sites. In the buccal side of maxilla, the thinnest cortical bone thickness was found to be at 4 mm level from the alveolar crest, while the thickest was at 10 mm level (except for the site mesial to the first premolar). The buccal cortical bone thickness at the sites mesial or distal to the first molar in the mandible and palatal cortical bone thickness of maxilla tended to increase with increasing distance from the alveolar bone.

Measurement of cortical bone thickness in adults by cone-beam computerized tomography for orthodontic miniscrews placement / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The purpose of this study was to investigate the cortical bone thickness of the inter-dental area of both jaws for orthodontic miniscrew placement. The cone-beam computerized tomography images of 32 non-orthodontic adults with normal occlusion were taken to measure the cortical bone thickness in both jaws. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the differences in cortical bone thickness. Buccal cortical bone in the mandible was thicker than that in the maxilla. In the maxilla, cortical bone thickness was thicker in the buccal side than in the palatal side. Buccal cortical bone thickness in the mandible was thickest at the site distal to the first molar, and in the maxilla it was thickest at the site mesial to the first molar, while in the palatal side of maxilla it was thickest at the site mesial to the second premolar. The changing pattern of cortical bone thickness varies at different sites. In the buccal side of maxilla, the thinnest cortical bone thickness was found to be at 4 mm level from the alveolar crest, while the thickest was at 10 mm level (except for the site mesial to the first premolar). The buccal cortical bone thickness at the sites mesial or distal to the first molar in the mandible and palatal cortical bone thickness of maxilla tended to increase with increasing distance from the alveolar bone.

Evaluation of palatal bone thickness in adults with normal occlusion for orthodontic miniscrews placement / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the palatal bone thickness in adult with normal occlusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cone beam computerized tomography records of 32 adults with normal occlusion (16 males and 16 females), mean age (30.1 ± 6.5) years, were used to measure the bone thickness at midpalatal area and the right and left palatal sides. Coronal slices at 3 mm intervals were generated. Slice 1 was the coronal slice through the posterior border to the incisive foramen, while Slice 7 was the coronal slice 18 mm away from the incisive foramen. At each coronal slice, the midpalatal sites were Site M and the sites on the exterior margin of the hard palatal were Site D. Four equally divided parts on the line linking Site M to Site D were named Site A, B, C from the interior to the exterior respectively. Palatal bone thickness were measured at these sites.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Significant differences were noted from Slice 1 to Slice 7, the bone thickness of palate tended to decrease from the front to the back. The thickest site at hard palatal was 12.6 mm, locating at Site D of Slice 1, while the thinnest site was 2.7 mm, locating at Site B of Slice 7. The palatal bone thickness ranged from 10.5 mm (maximum) to 5.8 mm (minimum) at Slice 2 and Slice 3. No statistical significance was found between the left and right sides (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The favorable sites for miniscrew placement were the anterior region of the hard palate in adult. The length of miniscrew ranged from 5 mm to 10 mm can be placed from 6 mm posterior to the incisive foramen.</p>

Technical study of temporomandibular joint disc showing with 3T magnetic resonance imaging / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc including sequence and parameters of the film imaging modalities by means of 3T MRI. To provide morphological and functional reference images for clinical study of temporomandibular joint disc lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen normal volunteers and seven patients with TMJ soft tissue injuries after condylar fractures were imaged by using GE Signa HD 3T MRI system and bilateral TMJ surface coils with oblique sagittal and oblique coronal section. Oblique sagittal and oblique coronal images of mouth close were performed with FSE-XL/T1WI, FLAIR/T1WI, FSE-XL/PDWI, FSE/PDWI+FS, FRFSE-XL/T2WI, FRFSE/T2WI+FS, and oblique sagittal images of mouth open with FSE-XL/T1WI, FSE-XL/PDWI. All MRI findings were analyzed by three senior radiologists and three senior surgeons respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PDWI showed the best effect in showing articular disc and surrounding structures clearly. T2WI showed articular disc lesions best, including articular disc injury, split, perforation, fluidify of articular capsule. For the displace of articular disc, PDWI showed the best effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>3T MRI can clearly show changes of articular disc during exercise and disease involvement, and play an important role in diagnosis of soft tissue injuries of TMJ in condylar fractures. T1WI, PDWI and T2WI should be routine scan method.</p>

Clinical study of stress shielding after mini-plate internal fixation for mandibular fractures / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the stress shielding after mini-plate internal fixation for mandibular fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen patients with mandibular fractures were selected.X-rays were taken before operation and 3, 4, 6 months after operation when the plates were removed. The bone density of the mini plate area was examined and compared among different time interval groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The bone density before operation (125.41 ± 2.47) and 3 months after operation (120.19 ± 3.52) was not significantly different, but became lower 4 and 6 months after operation than before operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There appeared stress shielding after internal fixation for 4 and 6 months in mandibular fracture, and the mini plate should be removed at those times.</p>

Whole-body diffusion weighted imaging manifestation of oral squamous cell carcinoma with metastatic lymph nodes / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the manifestation of oral squamous cell carcinoma with metastatic lymph nodes in whole-body diffusion weighted imaging (WB-DWI) and its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-one cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma with metastatic lymph nodes were examined by WB-DWI, of which 19 were scanned with routine MRI, 9 cases examined by positron-emission tomography (PET). All cases were confirmed by pathology. MRI scan covered whole body and built whole body diffusion image after reconstruction with GE HDe 1.5T MRI scanner.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 139 metastatic lymph nodes, 11 normal lymph nodes, and 21 inflammatory lymph nodes exhibited by WB-DWI in 21 cases. Metastatic lymph nodes showed higher signal and lower value of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). The mean ADC value of metastatic lymph nodes (0.78 +/- 0.07) was significantly lower than that of inflammatory (1.18 +/- 0.15) and normal nodes (1.78 +/- 0.16), and normal nodes showed even higher levels of ADC value.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>STIR-EPI-DWI is a new promising technique for differentiating normal, inflammatory, and metastatic lymph nodes and can provide more useful information on lymph node metastasis.</p>

Repair of peripheral nerve defect by a scroll of amnion derivative compound with cultured autogenous Schwann cell in a rat model / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To test a nerve bridge substitute for peripheral nerve repair by tissue-engineering approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An artificial nerve fabricated with a scroll of amnion derivative (ZQ membrane) and cultured autogenous Schwann cell was sutured to bridge sciatic nerve defect of 2.5 cm in length in rats. The specimens were assessed with tracking study, histology, electrophysiological technique, NF200, and synaptophysin-38 (SYP) immuno histochemical staining 3 months postoperatively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The regenerated nerve sprouted 3 months after the operation. The regenerated nerve fibers were plentiful and could grow into the recipient nerve and target muscle's motor end plate (MEP) areas to reinnervate target muscle, and reconstruct function of nerve-muscle junction. Functional recovery could reach to 40%-60% of normal control. Nerve-muscle conduction velocity (N-MCV) arrived at 21.77 +/- 1.15 m/s.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A tissue engineering material fabricated with a scroll of ZQ membrane and cultured autologous Schwann cell may be a useful substitute for nerve repair.</p>

A revised scheme for LeFort classification of upper jaw fractures / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To put forward a revised scheme on LeFort classification for the upper jaw fractures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>193 consecutive cases with the primary diagnoses of upper jaw fractures were involved in this study, for each one of which water's and CT scan were available to decide the fracture site and pattern. Data were filed in term of classification items as LeFort I, II and III fracture, as well as sagittal fracture and alveolar fracture. Statistical analysis was done to validate the meliorating thought on and revised scheme on LeFort classification.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It was validated that of 185 cases with upper jaw fractures only 30.81% which presented single-line fracture and 34.06% which presented multiple-line fracture were covered with LeFort classification. Additional 13.51% with single-line fracture and 21.61% with multiple-line fracture could be included when LeFort classification was extended with increase of items of sagittal fracture and alveolar fracture. Further results revealed that among total 344 sites or fracture lines included in 193 cases, 81.10% could be diagnosed fracture pattern of LeFort classification. Of 65 fracture sites presenting LeFort III type, 92.31% were concomitant with LeFort II type or LeFort I and II type, very few being alone.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>A revised classification was proposeded that upper jaw fractures could be classified into four types as follows: (1) high horizontal fracture (corresponding to LeFort II and III type), (2) low horizontal fracture (corresponding to LeFort I type), (3) sagittal fracture (including midline and para-midline fracture) and (4) alveolar fracture.</p>

Effects of aminoguanidine on the expression of NOS in facial nerve and surrounding tissues of traumatic facial paralysis rats / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of inducible NOS inhibitor aminoguanidine on the expression of NOS in facial nerve and surrounding tissue of traumatic facial paralysis rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A small dose of aminoguanidine were intraperitoneally injected into rats before and after facial paralysis. The facial nerve and surrounding tissues were cut at different time point. Immunohistochemical ABC method was used to study the changes of NOS expression in facial nerve and surrounding tissues.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The inducible NOS immunoreactivity was obvious inhibited in the facial nerve and surrounding tissues in aminoguanidine group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Aminoguanidine chronic treatment can obvious inhibit the inducible NOS expression in the facial nerve and surrounding tissues. Aminoguanidine can improve the regeneration of facial nerve and the recovery of traumatic tissues.</p>

Effect of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor on angiogenesis during mandible fracture healing in rabbits / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of recombinant human basic fibroblast growth factor (rhbFGF) on angiogenesis during mandible fracture healing in rabbit.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty adult white rabbits were used for animal model and randomly divided into a control group (25 rabbits) and an experimental group (25 rabbits). The membranous complex of rhbFGF and bovine type I collagen was prepared and implanted into the rabbit mandible fracture site under periosteum. The animals were sacrificed on 7, 14, 28, 56 and 84 days respectively after operation and the whole mandibles were harvested. The expression of factor VIII related antigen (F8-RA) in callus was examined with immunohistochemical staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The amounts of microvascular formation in calluses in the rhbFGF-treating group on days 7, 14, 28 and 56 were more than those of the control group (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The results indicated that rhbFGF could stimulate microvascular formation during mandible fracture healing in rabbits.</p>

Induction of lymphangiogenesis by mouse ascites hepatoma cell H22 in vitro / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct lymphangiogenesis model of Balb/c mouse in vitro to observe the impact of mouse ascites hepatoma cell H22 on the lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic endothelial proliferation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Intraperitoneal benign lymphangioma induced by incomplete Freund's adjuvant in Balb/c mouse was harvested and embedded in fibrin gel to culture in vitro with conditioned medium (CM) of H22 cell. The gels, observed by inverted microscope and transmission electron microscope, were then digested to separate the cells. The expression of Flt-4, c-fos and iNOS in the cell and the content of NO in medium were studied by immunohistochemical and histochemical method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Lymphatic capillary generating from lymphangioma specimen in the gels was observed by inverted microscope and transmission electron microscope. H22 CM was observed to enhance growth of the vessels, induce expressions of Flt-4, c-fos and iNOS in the separated cells and increase content of NO in the medium.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The model is convenient for in vitro study of lymphangiogenesis. H22 cell can accelerate lymphangiogenesis, which warrants further study for the understanding of the role of lymphangiogenesis in metastasis.</p>

A finite element analysis system for two-demension morphological analysis of the soft tissue in orthognathic surgery / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate a finite element method (FEM) for analysis of the cranial-facial morphology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The two-dimensional finite element analysis system was established and used to analysis the lateral side morphology of the soft tissue by the change of each finite unit of the soft tissue in a X-ray cranial-facial lateral cepholometrics film.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The finite element analysis system was showing very well in the figures and data made by the system.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Finite element analysis system may be a good supplement of the traditional X-ray cephalometrics to the soft tissue of orthognatics.</p>