Application of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy in sleep disorders / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Sleep disorders, which have high incidence and complicated mechanisms, are a prevalent public health problem that cannot be ignored. It is confirmed that the drug therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy are the main ways to treat sleep disorders effectively. However, these therapies do have limitations. For example, the tolerance and dependency of drug therapy means that it cannot be taken for a long period of time, as well as the cognitive behavioral therapy is greatly influenced by location and economy factors. Thus, computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (CCBT) comes into being, with its convenience and economic advantages. Currently, the CCBT is systematic in some countries, which is still in the beginning stage in China. The application and efficacy of CCBT and the existing problems were reviewed in this paper.

Application of electrocardiogram-based cardiopulmonary coupling technique in sleep-related diseases / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Sleep problems have become a common health problem nowadays,and researches on sleep disorders have become a hot topic.Polysomnography (PSG) is the most commonly used method of sleep monitoring in sleep research,but its operation process is cumbersome and complicated,which is likely to cause "first night effect",affecting the compliance of the subjects and the reliability of the monitoring results.In 2005,the cardiopulmonary coupling (CPC) technique based on electrocardiogram signals was used for sleep assessment for the first time,and now it has been widely used in sleep monitoring and analysis of patients with sleep apnea syndrome,sleep disorders,insomnia,depression or other sleep-related diseases and the healthy people,to some extent making up for the lack of traditional PSG technology.It has the advantages of simplifying the operation and improving the sensitivity of the information effectively.However,CPC technique also has the limitations in target crowd,function and use,which can be improved by the developments of CPC algorithm and the cross-system integration of nerve in the future.

Application of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy in sleep disorders / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Sleep disorders,which have high incidence and complicated mechanisms,are a prevalent public health problem that cannot be ignored.It is confirmed that the drug therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy are the main ways to treat sleep disorders effectively.However,these therapies do have limitations.For example,the tolerance and dependency of drug therapy means that it cannot be taken for a long period of time,as well as the cognitive behavioral therapy is greatly influenced by location and economy factors.Thus,computerized cognitive behavioral therapy (CCBT) comes into being,with its convenience and economic advantages.Currently,the CCBT is systematic in some countries,which is still in the beginning stage in China.The application and efficacy of CCBT and the existing problems were reviewed in this paper.

Application of the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy to predict renal outcome / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To validate the value of the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy in predicting the renal outcome in Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective study was done in patients with IgA nephropathy. All slides were re-assessed according to the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy. The primary end point is doubling serum creatinine, or a 50% reduction in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), or end-stage renal disease. Pathologic predictors for the progression to the end point were determined by univariate and multivariate Cox regression.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Totally 533 patients were enrolled in the study. During the follow-up (median: 39 months; range: 12-263 months), 5.07% of the patients reached the end point. While tubular atrophy and interstitial fibrosis and arterial/ arteriolar lesion were associated with the endpoint in univariate analysis, only the T score was predictive of the renal outcome in multivariate Cox regression. Combination of the patho- logic lesions had no impact on renal outcome.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>According to the Oxford classification of IgA nephropathy, the degree of tubulointerstitial fibrosis is the only feature independently predictive of renal outcome.</p>

Effects of glutamine on platelet-derived growth factor and its receptor following septic brain damage in rats / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study investigated the expression of platelet-derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) and its receptor-β (PDGFR-β) in rat cerebral cortex following sepsis and explored the possible underlying mechanism of neuro-protective effect of glutamine (Gln).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty 10-day-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group that received an intraperitoneal injection of normal saline (1 mL/kg), a sepsis group that received an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 5 mg/kg), and a Gln treatment group that was administered with Gln (1.346 g/kg) 1 hr before LPS injection. The rats were subdivided into 5 groups sacrificed at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 72 hrs after LPS or normal saline injection (n=8). The distribution and expression of PDGF-B and PDGFR-β in the cerebral cortex were ascertained by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The immunohistochemistry results showed that the PDGF-B and PDGFR-β expression in the cerebral cortex increased significantly in the Gln treatment group 72 hrs after LPS injection compared with that in the control and the sepsis groups. The Western blot results showed that the PDGF-B expression in the brain tissue in the sepsis and the Gln treatment groups were significantly lower than that in the control group 2, 6, and 12 hrs after LPS injection, while the Gln treatment group had increased PDGF-B expression compared with the sepsis group 12 and 72 hrs after LPS injection. Compared with the control group, the PDGFR-β expression in the brain tissue in the sepsis group increased 2 and 6 hrs after LPS injection but decreased significantly 72 hrs after LPS injection. There were no significant differences in the PDGFR-β expression between the Gln treatment and the control groups at all different time points.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Gln can increase the PDGF-B and PDGFR-β expression in the brain tissue of rats with sepsis. The increased PDGF-B and PDGFR-β expression might contribute to neuro-protective effects of Gln.</p>

Ulinastatin attenuates lung injury in rats with hemorrhagic shock / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on lung injury in hemorrhagic shock rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four normal SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=8), namely the control group, hemorrhagic shock group (group H) and ulinastatin group (group U). In group H and group U, blood was drawn from the femoral artery over a period of 10 min until a mean arterial pressure of 40 mmHg was obtained. Controlled hypotension was then maintained at 40-/+5 mmHg for 60 min by blood drawing or infusion when necessary. All the blood drawn and an equivalent volume of Ringer lactate solution were subsequently infused for resuscitation. Four hours after the resuscitation, the activity of superoxidedismutase (SOD), content of malondialdehyde (MDA), expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), wet to dry weight ratio (W/D), and pathologic changes of the lung tissues were measured or observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with those in the control group, the content of MDA, expression of HO-1 and W/D increased significantly in both group H and group U (P<0.05); these indexes in group U were significantly lower than those in group H (P<0.05). The activity of SOD in group U was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05) but higher than that in group H (P<0.05). Optical microscopy demonstrated milder inflammatory cell infiltration and interstitial edema in the lung tissues in group U than in group H.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ulinastatin can lower the content of MDA, W/D and the expression of HO-1, increase the activity of SOD, and reduce histological lung injury in rats with hemorrhagic shock.</p>

Effect of Glutamine on Expressions of Nuclear Factor-?B and Heat Shock Protein 70 in Brain of Young Rats Induced by Endotoxin / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the effect of glutamine(Gln) on expression of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-?B) and heat shock protein 70(HSP70) in brain of young rats induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods Ten days old Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups by injection intraperitoneally different agonts,LPS group,normal saline control group(NS group) and Gln group(Gln 1.346 g/kg,1 hour before LPS).NF-?B and HSP70 distribution and expression in brain were deteted by immunohistochemistry.The levels of HSP70 in rats brain induced by LPS were detected by Western blot.SPSS 12.0 software was used.Results The nuclei of neuron in cerebral cortex in LPS group obviously cleared at 6 hours.The positive stain of nuclei in Gln group at 2 hours could not be seen.The stain of nuclei in cerebral cortex was weakened in LPS group at 6 hours by immunohistochemistry.HSP70 protein expression decreased with the measurement of Western blot,especially at 24 hours.HSP70 expression in LPS group was similar as that in NS group.The stain of nuclei in neuron in Gln group at 2 hours increased.It also showed the amount of protein expression increased in Western blot in group Gln at 2,6,12,24 hours(Pa