Investigation on oral health knowledge, attitude and behavior of hemiplegic patients / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo investigate and analyze the knowledge, attitude and behavior of oral health for hemiplegic patients. MethodsFrom August 15 to September 15, 2019, patients with hemiplegia caused by central nervous system damages such as stroke and traumatic brain injury in Beijing Bo'ai Hospital were investigated their demographic information, oral health behavior, oral health knowledge, oral health attitude and utilization of oral health services through paper questionnaires. ResultsA total of 200 questionnaires were sent out and 184 valid questionnaires were collected. There were 103 patients with good brushing habits, and the highest proportion was in independent walkers (χ2 = 6.564，P = 0.038). The average score of oral health knowledge was 5.3, and the average accuracy of oral health knowledge was 75.7%. The average score of oral health attitude was 3.3, and the average positive attitude was 81.8%. Both the knowledge and attuite scores were not significant in different characteristics (Z < 5.299, P > 0.05). There were 59 patients visiting institute of stomatology in past twelve months, and there was no significant difference among genders and travel modes (χ2 < 4.707, P > 0.05). ConclusionThe brushing habits is well in independent walkers. The oral health knowledge and attitude of hemiplegia patients need to be improved, and the utilization of oral health services is low.

Comparative of Forensic DNA Identification Using Cell Lysis Method and Magnetic Beads Method / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To compare the effects of cell lysis method and magnetic beads method in forensic DNA identification and to explore these two methods in forensic DNA identification.@*METHODS@#The genome DNA of THP-1 cells in different quantities was extracted by the cell lysis method and magnetic beads method, and the DNA content was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. The cell lysis method and magnetic beads method were used to type the STR of human blood with different dilution ratios.@*RESULTS@#When the numbers of THP-1 cell were 100, 400 and 800, the DNA content extracted by cell lysis method were (1.219±0.334), (5.081±0.335), (9.332±0.318) ng, respectively; and the DNA content extracted by magnetic beads method were (1.020±0.281), (3.634±0.482), (7.896±0.759) ng, respectively. When the numbers of THP-1 cells were 400 and 800, the DNA content extracted by the cell lysis method was higher than that by the magnetic beads method. The sensitivity of cell lysis method and magnetic beads method was similar in STR typing of human blood at different dilution ratios. Complete STR typing could be obtained at 100, 300 and 500-fold dilutions of blood samples, but could not be detected at 700-fold dilution. STR typing of undiluted human blood could not be detected by cell lysis method.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The cell lysis method is easy to operate and can retain template DNA to the maximum extend. It is expected to be suitable for trace blood evidence tests.

Study on Q-markers of Da Chaihu decoction based on specific chromatogram and network pharmacology / 药学学报

Da Chaihu decoction is a classic prescription for the treatment of cholecystitis that is widely used in clinical practice, and has a definite curative effect. However, due to its diverse components and complex functions, the traditional indexes fail to capture its overall efficacy. Therefore, this study analyzed and predicted the quality markers (Q-markers) of Da Chaihu decoction based on specific chromatogram and network pharmacology to provide a reference for the comprehensive control of the quality. The study obtained 35 potential practical components of Da Chaihu decoction through virtual screening. The specific chromatogram of 15 batches of Da Chaihu decoction was established by HPLC-DAD with neohesperidin as a reference. Compared with the chromatographic peaks and the reference substance, the chemical components were assigned to predict the nine components of albiflorin, paeoniflorin, naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, baicalin, wogonoside, saikosaponin b2, saikosaponin b1 as Q-markers of Da Chaihu decoction. Finally, the network of the "components-key targets-signal pathways-biological processes" was constructed by network pharmacology to explore the mechanism of Da Chaihu decoction in treating cholecystitis to clarify the accuracy of Q-markers. The results indicated that potential Q-markers could act on multiple targets to regulate inflammatory and metabolism, and then combine to treat cholecystitis. Q-markers could combine with the pharmacologic action of Da Chaihu decoction, which could elucidate the overall efficacy of Da Chaihu decoction. This study explored the Q-markers of Da Chaihu decoction combined with the specific chromatogram and network pharmacology, which provided a basis for the quality control and evaluation of Da Chaihu decoction.

Study on discovery of efficacy markers for Dachaihu Decoction and its action mechanism / 中国中药杂志

Dachaihu Decoction is a classical Chinese herbal prescription that is effective in harmonizing lesser yang and purging internal accumulated heat. At present, it has been widely used in clinical practice, and the resulting outcomes are satisfactory. However, its quality indicators and action mechanism are still not clear. Therefore, this paper explored the efficacy markers of Dachaihu Decoction and its action mechanism based on literature mining, molecular biology, and network pharmacology, so as to better control its quality and ensure its clinical efficacy. The efficacy markers of Dachaihu Decoction were predicted and analyzed according to the "five principles" for Q-markers of Chinese herbs. Then the anti-inflammatory activity of the efficacy markers of Dachaihu Decoction was evaluated with Griess reagent after the establishment of RAW264.7 cell inflammation model in vitro with lipopolysaccharide(LPS). The potential targets of efficacy markers were predicted by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform(TCMSP), ChEMBL, and SwissTargetPrediction, followed by the construction of the protein-protein interaction(PPI) network of the efficacy markers of Dachaihu Decoction. Topological, GO, and KEGG enrichment analysis was carried out to construct the "key target-signaling pathway-biological process" network, thus elucidating the action mechanism of the efficacy markers of Dachaihu Decoction. Saikosaponin B_2, baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, neohesperidin, naringin, hesperidin, and paeoniflorin were considered as the potential efficacy markers of Dachaihu Decoction. The anti-inflammatory activity evaluation showed that the potential efficacy markers effectively inhibited the release of NO, exhibiting good anti-inflammatory activities. As demonstrated by network pharmacology, the efficacy markers of Dachaihu Decoction regulated the inflammatory response by acting on MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, the carbohydrate metabolism by HIF-1 and PI3 K-AKT signaling pathways, and the lipid metabolism by AMPK and PI3 K-AKT signaling pathways. This study discovered the efficacy markers of Dachaihu Decoction based on literature mining combined with molecular biological experiments and explored its action mechanism at the molecular level based on network pharmacology, which would provide reference for the quality control of Dachaihu Decoction and scientific basis for its clinical application.

Homeostasis imbalance of metal ions in Alzheimer's disease / 中国药理学通报

Alzheimer's disease is an age-related neurodegenerative disease, and its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated.In recent years the role of metal ions in the development and de-velopment of Alzheimer's disease has been brought into foeus.This paper reviews the homeostasis imbalance of metal ions, in- eluding the essential metal ions for human body such as Fe~ + / Fe3+ , CuV Cu2 + , Zn2 + , Mg2 + , as well as non-essential metal ions such as Al '+ and Hg"+ , involved in the pathogenesis of AI), aiming to provide research clues for anti-AD dnig targeting metal ions.

Influencing Factors of Horizontal Movement Distance of Bodies in High Falling Deaths / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To explore the influencing factors of the horizontal distance of bodies in the high falling scene and the feasibility of inferring the falling mode based on it.@*METHODS@#A total of 614 high falling deaths and 15 cases of corpse dumping from high altitudes were collected. The relationship between the horizontal distance and the falling height, as well as the sex, age and manner of death (suicide, accident and corpse dumping) were observed.@*RESULTS@#The horizontal distance increased with the increase of falling height, and the difference among the height groups was statistically significant. The horizontal distance decreased with the increase of the age of the deceased, in each height group, the difference between the group over 60 years old and other age groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). The horizontal distance of male deceased was (1.99±0.27) m, which was greater than that of female deceased (1.88±0.19) m, and the difference was statistically significant in partial height groups (P<0.05). Roof falls had a greater horizontal movement distance than window falls. Except for the >20-30 m group, there was no significant difference in horizontal distance between suicide high falls and accidental high falls in other height groups.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The horizontal distance is affected by the falling height, the sex and age of the victim, and the spatial characteristics of the falling starting point.

Baicalin protects against 17α-ethinylestradiol-induced cholestasis via Sirt1/HNF-1α/FXR pathway / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE Baicalin is a major flavonoid component of Scutellaria baicalensis, and has been used in the treatment of liver diseases for many years. However, the role of baicalin in estrogen-induced cholestasis (EIC) remains to be elucidated. This present study explored the protective effect of baicalin against estrogen-induced liver injury and further elucidated the mechanisms involved both in vivo and in vitro. METHODS We conducted a series of experiments using 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE) induced cholestatic rats and cultured HepG2 cells. Serum, bile, and liver samples were collected for biochemical and histological analyses. Bile acid composition in liver was analyzed by LC-MS/MS. The mechanisms underlying the hepatoprotective of baicalin were investigated by RT-PCR, Western blotting analyses and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Baicalin showed obvious hepatoprotective effects in EIC rats by reducing serum bio?markers and increasing the bile flow rate, as well as by alleviating liver histology and restoring the abnormal composition of hepatic bile acids (BAs). In addition, baicalin protected against EE induced liver injury by up-regulation of the expres?sion of hepatic efflux transporters and down-regulation of hepatic uptake transporters. Furthermore, baicalin increased the expression of hepatic BA synthase (CYP27A1) and metabolic enzymes (Bal, Baat and Sult2a1) in EIC rats. We showed that baicalin significantly inhibited hepatic inflammatory responses in EIC rats through reducing elevated levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NF-κB. Finally, we confirmed that baicalin maintains BA homeostasis and alleviates inflamma?tion through Sirt1/HNF-1α/FXR signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Baicalin protects against estrogen-induced cholestatic liver injury, and the underlying mechanism involved is related to activation of the Sirt1/HNF-1α/FXR signaling pathway.

Analysis on the causes of death of elderly inpatients in medical department in a third-grade A hospital in dalian from 2012 to 2019 / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To analyze the causes of death of elderly inpatients,so as to provide direction for the precaution of geriatrics.Methods:The first page data of hospitalized medical records of elderly inpatients in medical department in the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University from 2102 to 2019 were extracted, and the causes of death were analyzed. The statistical analysis was performed by Excel and SPSS 21.0 statistical software.Results:The number of deaths of elderly inpatients in medical department from 2012 to 2019 was 5 249. The proportion of deaths in ICU was 34.43%(1 807/5 249), in oncology department was19.03%(999/5 249), and in cardiovascular department was12.08%(634/5 249). The average age was (78.52 ± 7.82) years. Besides, the age of men was younger than women: (78.18 ± 8.00) years vs. (79.02 ± 7.52) years, and the differences was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Men(59.1%, 3 099/5 249) were more than women (40.96%, 2 150/5 249). The largest number of deaths was in the age of 75-84 years (42.56%, 2 234/5 249). The number of cases with combined above five diseases was 4 552(86.72%, 4 552/5 249). The top three causes of deaths of elderly inpatients in medical department from 2012 to 2019 were cardiocerebrovascular diseases (27.21%, 1 428/5 249), malignant tumor (25.74%, 1351/5 249) and respiratory system diseases (22.10%, 1160/5 249). From 2012 to 2015, the top three causes of deaths were malignant tumor, cardiocerebrovascular diseases and respiratorysystem diseases. From 2016 to 2019,the top three causes of deaths were cardiocerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumor, and respiratory system diseases. The most common cause in cardiocerebrovascular diseases of death was coronary heart disease (51.47%,735/1 428), cerebrovascular disease (43.70%,624/1 428),and hypertension(4.34%, 62/1 428). Among the patients with malignant tumor death, first cause of death waslung malignant tumor (37.53%, 507/1 351), the others in turn were gastric carcinoma (11.10%,150/1 351) and intestinal cancer (11.10%,150/1 351). Among the patients with respiratory system diseases, first cause of death was pulmonary infection (69.66%,808/1 160), the others in turn were chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (15.43%, 179/1 160) and interstitial lung disease (5.09%, 59/1 160). Conclusions:The average age of elderly inpatients in medical department is (78.52 ± 7.82) years. The death age of male is less than that of female, and the number is slightly more than that of female. The top three causes of deaths of elderly inpatients in medical department are cardiocerebrovascular diseases, malignant tumor, respiratorysystem diseases. From 2012 to 2015 the first cause of deaths is malignant tumor. From 2016 to 2019, the cardiocerebrovascular diseases rise to the first.

Study on efficacy markers of heat-clearing and detoxifying effect of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos based on systematic traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Lonicerae Japonicae Flos has a long history of heat-clearing and detoxifying effect. The description of its efficacy in Chinese Pharmacopoeia of past dynasties is relatively stable, and it is an excellent carrier for the study of efficacy markers. Guided by the theory of systematic traditional Chinese medicine, heat-clearing and detoxifying effect efficacy system of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos was taken as an example in this study to clarify the elements(active ingredients) of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos in heat-clearing and detoxifying efficacy system, determine the boundary(signal pathway), establish the structure(system dynamics model), identify the system functions corresponding to pharmacology, efficacy and effects(heat-clearing and detoxifying effect), and explore the application of system dynamics model in the discovery of efficacy markers of traditional Chinese medicine. In this paper, the dynamic models of interleukin 1(IL-1) and interleukin 6(IL-6) in vivo were established to predict the expression of related factors in IL-1 and IL-6 signaling pathways of different components and their combinations in Lonicerae Japonicae Flos by dynamic network, so as to find the effective markers of heat-clearing and detoxification of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos. The results showed that the lower the concentration of chlorogenic acid, the higher the inhibition rate of Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) at downstream of IL-1 by the combination of chlorogenic acid and linalool; the higher the concentration of luteolin in IL-6 pathway, the higher the inhibition rate of C-reactive protein(CRP) at downstream of IL-6 by the combination of chlorogenic acid and luteolin. It revealed that the potential efficacy markers of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos in heat-clearing and detoxifying effect based on IL-1 signaling pathway were chlorogenic acid and linalool, and the potential efficacy markers of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos in heat-clearing and detoxifying effect based on IL-6 signaling pathway were chlorogenic acid and luteolin. This study provided methodological guidance for the discovery of efficacy markers of traditional Chinese medicine.

Cross-sectional study of secondary prevention of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly in two hospitals of Liaoning province / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To study the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic fractures in the elderly in two third Grade A hospitals in Shenyang and Dalian, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and treatment of osteoporotic fractures in Dalian and Shenyang.Methods:Patients of osteoporotic fractures over 60 years old from January 2015 to December 2015 in the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University and the People′s Hospital of Liaoning Province were chosen, and the basic characteristics, fracture site, the number of fracture site, diagnosis treatment and secondary prevention of osteoporosis fractures of them were analyzed.Results:Among the patients of osteoporotic fractures over 60 years old in the hospitals of Shenyang and Dalian, women were more than men ( P = 0.00). The predilection sites of elderly osteoporotic fractures in two hospitals were both followed by the hip, spine, ulnar and radial distal, proximal humerus. The rates respectively were 38.26%(295/771), 34.63% (267/771), 9.34%(72/771), 5.71%(44/771). The rate of fracture-again was 10.89%(84/771). The rates of in-hospital diagnosis, in-hospital treatment and treatment of discharged medical advice among osteoporosis were 13.88%(107/771), 24.64%(190/771) and 18.81%(145/771). There were 0.65% (5/771) patients who had diagnosis of osteoporosis, basic osteoporosis treatment (vitamin D 3 and calcium) and anti-osteoporosis treatment in both in-hospital and discharged medical advice. Conclusions:The rates of in-hospital diagnosis, in-hospital osteoporosis treatment and anti-osteoporosis treatment in discharged medical advice are both very low in the two third Grade A hospitals. The secondary prevention of osteoporosis fractures in the elderly has not been taken attention, and the situation of prevention and treatment are serious.

Efficacy analysis of intraperitoneal perfusion combined with intravenous and oral three-way chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis / 中国综合临床

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of peritoneal perfusion combined with intravenous and oral chemotherapy in the treatment of gastric cancer with peritoneal metastasis and its correlation with prognosis.Methods:The clinical data of 142 patients with peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from March 2012 to June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to different treatment schemes, the patients were divided into observation group (47 cases treated with tegafur capsule orally+ docetaxel+ cisplatin combined with recombinant human tumor necrosis factor intraperitoneal perfusion) and control group (oral administration of tegafur capsule+ oxaliplatin). The clinical efficacy and prognostic factors were compared between the two groups.Results:The short-term efficacy after two courses of chemotherapy: the effective rate was 44.7% (21/47) in the observation group and 8.4% (8/95) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=25.438, P<0.001); the disease control rate was 97.9% (46/47) in the observation group and 60.0% (57/95) in the control group, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=22.639, P<0.001). Long term efficacy: the progression free survival time of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (6.50 months vs.3.83 months, χ 2=16.399, P<0.001); the total survival time of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (15.60 months vs.10.83 months, χ 2=9.219, P=0.002). Univariate analysis showed that ascites volume, chemotherapy, palliative surgery, liver metastasis, Lauren classification and Her-2 expression were related to prognosis (all P<0.05); there was no significant difference in cumulative survival rate of different gender, age and ECOG score (all P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that liver metastasis ( HR=1.996, 95% CI=1.194-3.338, P=0.008 ), Lauren type ( HR=1.979, 95% CI=1.265-3.094, P=0.003 ), Her-2 expression ( HR=3.872, 95% CI=2.202-6.808, P<0.001 ), chemotherapy regimens(whether combined with intraperitoneal chemotherapy) ( HR=1.826, 95% CI=1.046-3.188, P=0.034 ) and abdomina volume ( HR=2.785, 95% CI=1.644-4.718, P<0.001 ) were independent risk factor for the prognosis of patients. Conclusion:Intraperitoneal perfusion combined with intravenous and oral administration has a good clinical effect in the treatment of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer, which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and improve the survival rate of patients.The presence or absence of liver metastasis, Lauren classification, Her-2 expression, chemotherapy method (combined with intraperitoneal perfusion or not) and ascites volume are independent risk factors for the prognosis of peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer.

Effect of Benzidine Test on DNA Analysis of Bloodstain / 法医学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of benzidine test and related reagents on DNA analysis of bloodstain. Methods A total of 970 bloodstain filter paper samples with 1μL venous blood were collected, and 10 of them acted as control samples. After benzidine test and related reagent processing, DNA of 960 samples was extracted by Chelex-100 and silica bead methods and then multiplex amplified by AmpF(e)STRTM IdentifilerTM Plus PCR kits. The results of STR typing were compared between different groups. Results DNA were extracted immediately after benzidine test. Totally STR loci (3.80±1.34) were detected by silica bead method, while no STR loci were obtained by Chelex-100 method. Thirteen sam-ples (21.7％) with whole STR typing results were obtained by drying after benzidine test, and the STR locus number (12.90±1.49) which obtained by silica bead method was much higher than by Chelex-100 method (4.70±1.96) (P<0.05). When DNA was extracted immediately after the addition of glacial acetic acid, the STR locus number was (9.40±2.09) by silica bead method, but no STR typing result was obtained by Chelex-100 method. All 15 STR loci could be obtained by only adding glacial acetic acid after drying and only adding tetramethylbenzidine alcoholization liquid or 3％ hydrogen peroxide liquid. Conclusion Benzidine test has significant influence on DNA analysis of bloodstain. The Chelex-100 method is not suitable for the DNA extraction of bloodstain after benzidine test. Drying after benzidine test and silica bead methods can effectively enhance the STR locus number of bloodstain.

Effect of β-cyclodextrin-assisted extraction on Cassiae Semen / 中成药

AIM To investigate the effect of β-cyclodextrin-assisted extraction on Cassiae Semen.METHODS The chemical constituents in aqueous extract and β-cyclodextrin extract determined and analyzed by UPLC and principal component analysis had their antioxidant activities tested by six methods (protective effects on lipid peroxidation injuries induced by spontaneous liver,CCl4,H2 O2,FeSO4-vitamin C,and scavenging effects on DPPH,hydroxyl free radicals).RESULTS Compared with aqueous extract,the component content and antioxidant activity of β-cyclodextrin extract were increased by 10.476％ and 80.88％,respectively.CONCLUSION β-Cyclodextrin can effectively enhance the component extraction rate and antioxidant activity of Cassiae Semen.

HPLC fingerprint identification of Lonicera Japonica Flos and Lonicera Flos / 中草药

Objective: To compare the differences between Lonicera Japonica Flos and Lonicera Flos by establishing HPLC fingerprint and calculating the similarity. Methods: The columns was Phenomenex Luna 5 μm C18 (2) 100 A, 250 mm×4.6 mm; The column temperature was 40℃. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.5% phosphoric acid, the flow rate was 1 mL/min, and the wavelength was 350 nm. Results: HPLC fingerprint of Lonicera Japonica and similarity evaluation by screening large peak integration were established. The similarity of 12 batches of Lonicera Japonica Flos were all above 0.95, and four batches of Lonicera Flos were less than 0.80. Conclusion: HPLC fingerprint profiles under 350 nm can reflex the differences between Lonicera Japonica Flos and Lonicera Flos effectively; Similarity evaluation by screening large peak integration shows the tiny differences of chemical component.

Perioperative rehabilitation nursing in supercapsular percutaneously assisted total hip arthroplasty / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of rehabilitation nursing in perioperative period of elderly patients with femoral neck fractures undergone supercapsular percutaneously assisted total hip (SuperPATH) arthroplasty.Methods A retrospective cohort analysis was made on 30 patients treated by total hip arthroplasty through the SuperPATH approach from January 2016 to July 2016.There were seven males and 23 females,aged 75-91 years (mean,77 years).Nursing methods contained application of pluralistic education before operation,application of body position management,psychologic support joint pain and sleep multidimensional strengthening nursing intervention and dislocation nursing after operation,and recovery training.Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),self-rating scale of sleep (SRSS),Barthel index and Harris hip score were used to compare clinical manifestations before and after treatment.Results SAS score was 42.5-66.3 points [(50.0 ± 6.2) points] one day before operation,compared to 33.8-53.8 points [(41.5 ± 5.2) points] five day after operation (P ＜ 0.05).SRSS score was 24-37 points [(29.9 ±3.1) points] one day before operation,compared to 14-34 points [(23.2 ± 5.3) points] five day after operation (P ＜ 0.05).Barthel index was 20-40 points [(38.5 ± 4.4) points] one day before operation,was 35-55 points [(49.7 ± 6.3)points] two day after operation and was 55-70 points [(63.5 ± 5.1)] points five day after operation,showing significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).Harris hip score was 4-25 points [(14.8 ±4.2)points] one day after operation,was 59-75 points[(67.3 ± 5.1) points] two day after operation and was 66-85 points [(79.2 ± 4.3) points] two weeks after operation,showing significant differences (P ＜ 0.05).All incision healed primarily.No complications occurred.Conclusion Perioperative rehabilitation nursing of minimally invasive SuperPATH arthroplasty is effective in alleviating patients' anxiety,improving sleep status and self-care ability,enhancing postoperative rehabilitation effect and reducing risk of in-hospital complications.

Research Progress on Gene Alterations of Amelogenin Locus in Gender Identification / 法医学杂志

There are two kinds of amelogenin gene mutation, including mutation in primer-binding region of amelogenin gene and micro deletion of Y chromosome encompassing amelogenin gene, and the latter is more common. The mechanisms of mutation in primer-binding region of amelogenin gene is nucleotide point mutation and the mechanism of micro deletion of Y chromosome encompassing amelogenin gene maybe non-allelic homologous recombination or non-homologous end-joining. Among the population worldwide, there is a notably higher frequency of amelogenin gene mutations in Indian population, Sri Lanka population and Nepalese population which reside within the Indian subcontinent. Though amelogenin gene mutations have little impact on fertility and phenotype, they might cause incorrect result in gender identification. Using composite-amplification kit which including autosomal STR locus, amelogenin gene locus and multiple Y-STR locus, could avoid wrong gender identification caused by amelogenin gene mutation.

Brief Analysis of Teaching Model for the Processing of Chinese Materia in Our School / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:Tosum up the condition of theoretical teaching and experimental teaching of the Processing of Chinese Materia,and to provide referencefor the reform of teaching model of the Processing of Chinese Materia. METHODS:Teaching soft-ware,teaching video and other modelrn teaching methods were used to enrich the content in theory teaching;linking theory with practice was used to stimulate students'interest in learning;scientific research achievement was introduced in teaching to train stu-dents' scientific research thinking;the teaching model of traditional confirmative experiment teaching was reformed by increasing de-signing experiment hours and score;the traditional usual performance evaluation method was changed by replacing with evaluation method of formative,and it was used for evaluation. RESULTS:The students not only learned theoretical knowledge,but also cul-tivated their ability to analyze and solve problems,changing from passive learning to active learning,so that it has made satisfacto-ry teaching effect. CONCLUSIONS:The traditional concept should be changed in teaching of the Processing of Chinese Materia, paying attention to the combination of scientific research and teaching;improve the situation of the designing experiment in the present undergraduate experimental teachingto stimulate students interest in learning,enhance students'practical ability,and im-prove the quality of teaching.

Study on standard of safe application of thiamethoxam on GAP of Lonicera japonica / 中国中药杂志

The paper is aimed to establish a method of residue analysis for thiamethoxam and to study its degradation dynamic and final residue and its standard of safe application of thiamethoxam on Lonicera japonica. Samples extracted with methanol by ultrasonication were purified with dichloromethane by liquid-liquid extraction and SPE column and analysed by HPLC-UV. The results showed that average rate was 84.91%-94.44% and RSD 1.74%-4.96% with addition of thiamethoxam in respectively diverse concentration, which meets inspection requirement of pesticide residue. Two kinds of dosages of thiamethoxam were treated- varying from recommended dosage (90 g x hm(-2)) to high dosage (135 g x hm(-2)), Results of two years test showed that thiamethoxam was degraded more than 90% seven days after application and the half - life period of thiamethoxam was 1.54-1.66 d. The digestion rate of thiamethoxam was fast in the L. japonica. The recommended MRL of thiamethoxam in the L. japonica is 0.1 mg x kg(-1), the dosage of 25% thiamethoxam WDG from 90-135 g x hm(-2) is sprayed less than three times a year on L. japonica and 14 days is proposed for the safety interval of the last pesticide application's and harvest's date.

DNMT3A mutation analysis in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

DNA methyl-transferase 3A (DNMT3A) mutation has recently been identified as an independent risk factor for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, reports are scanty on its rate and subsequent impact on patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), especially in Chinese population. In this study, we investigated the incidence and prognostic implication of DNMT3A mutation in 57 Chinese adult ALL patients. A total of 3 (5.3%) T-ALL cases were found to have the DNMT3A R882H mutation, which was significantly greater than that found in B-ALL subtype (P=0.048). The patients aged between 40 and 60 years old had higher mutation rate than other age groups (P=0.042). Patients with DNMT3A mutation had shorter overall survival (OS) than their wild-type counterparts. Our study demonstrated that Chinese ALL patients might develop DNMT3A mutation, which exerts a negative impact on their prognosis. These findings might help in risk stratification and treatment choice for Chinese ALL patients.

Identification of biomarkers for endometriosis using clinical proteomics / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>We investigated possible biomarkers for endometriosis (EM) using the ClinProt technique and proteomics methods.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We enrolled 50 patients with EM, 34 with benign ovarian neoplasms and 40 healthy volunteers in this study. Serum proteomic spectra were generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) combined with weak cationic exchange (WCX) magnetic beads. Possible biomarkers were analyzed by a random and repeat pattern model-validation method that we designed, and ClinProtools software, results were refined using online liquid chromatography-tandem MS.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We found a cluster of 5 peptides (4210, 5264, 2660, 5635, and 5904 Da), using 3 peptides (4210, 5904, 2660 Da) to discriminate EM patients from healthy volunteers, with 96.67% sensitivity and 100% specificity. We selected 4210 and 5904 m/z, which differed most between patients with EM and controls, and identified them as fragments of ATP1B4, and the fibrinogen alpha (FGA) isoform 1/2 of the FGA chain precursor, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ClinProt can identify EM biomarkers, which - most notably - distinguish even early-stage or minimal disease. We found 5 stable peaks at 4210, 5264, 2660, 5635, and 5904 Da as potential EM biomarkers, the strongest of which were associated with ATP1B4 (4210 Da) and FGA (5904 Da); this indicates that ATP1B4 and FGA are associated with EM pathogenesis.</p>