Determination of genome-wide DNA and total RNA methylation in rats with myocardial infarction by mass spectrometry / 药学学报

To detect the methylation level of genome-wide DNA and total RNA in the process of heart failure, we established the method of ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to observe the change and synchronization of methylation rate of myocardial infarction (MI) tissue and peripheral blood. Animal welfare and experimental process were in accordance with the regulations of the Animal Ethics Committee of Guangzhou Medical University. The rats with myocardial infarction were divided into three groups: 1st, 4th, and 8th week to simulate different levels of cardiac function. And they were euthanized at the same time to keep the same age. DNA and RNA were extracted from infarct marginal tissues and peripheral blood lymphocytes, and then decomposed into single nucleosides by enzymolysis. The methylation rate of DNA and RNA was measured and calculated quantitatively. The results showed a concordant methylation changes in tissue and blood, and the methylation level of genome-wide DNA and total RNA was increased after myocardial infarction in rats. In this study, we obtained the preliminary data of DNA and RNA methylation during the occurrence and development of heart failure, further indicating that epigenetic changes can be used as biomarkers for early diagnosis of heart failure.

Effect of Jinlida on changes in expression of skeletal muscle lipid transport enzymes in fat-induced insulin resistance ApoE -/- mice / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Jinlida on changes in expression of skeletal muscle lipid transport enzymes in fat-induced insulin resistance ApoE -/- mice.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Eight male C57BL/6J mice were selected in the normal group (NF), 40 male ApoE -/- mice were fed for 16 weeks, divided into the model group (HF), the rosiglitazone group ( LGLT), the Jinlida low-dose group (JLDL), the Jinlida medium-dose group (JLDM), the Jinlida high-dose group (JLDH) and then orally given drugs for 8 weeks. The organization free fatty acids, BCA protein concentration determination methods were used to determine the skeletal muscle FFA content. The Real-time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription PCR ( RT-PCR) and Western blot method were adopted to determine mRNA and protein expressions of mice fatty acids transposition enzyme (FAT/CD36), carnitine palm acyltransferase 1 (CPT1), peroxide proliferators-activated receptor α( PPAR α).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Jinlida could decrease fasting blood glucose (FBG), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA) and fasting insulin (FIns) and raise insulin sensitive index (ISI) in mice to varying degrees. It could also up-regulate mRNA and protein expressions of CPT1 and PPARα, and down-regulate mRNA and protein levels of FAT/CD36.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Jinlida can improve fat-induced insulin resistance ApoE -/- in mice by adjusting the changes in expression of skeletal muscle lipid transport enzymes.</p>

Analysis on risk factors for type 1 diabetic peripheral neuropathy in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the risk factors for type 1 diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN) in children,in order to provide a basis for its prevention.Methods The clinical data of 119 patients with type 1 diabetes in Tianjin Children's Hospital,including sex,age,course of diabetes,body mass index(BMI),blood pressure (Bp),plasma glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,blood gasses,plasma lipid and islet β cell function were reviewed and analyzed.The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the neuro-electrophysiology features:DPN group (68 cases) and nonDPN group(51 cases).The risk factors in statistical significance were subjected to multiple Logistic regression analysis to screen for the risk factors for DPN.Results The inspection analysis,including the course of disease,BMI,plasma glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,rate of ketoacidosis,plasma lipid and C-peptide,showed obvious differences (all P ＜0.01,0.05) between 2 groups of patients.There was no significant difference in sex,age,Bp,and plasma insulin between 2 groups of patients(all P ＞ 0.05).Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed that the occurrence of DPN was correlated with the course of DPN (Estimate =0.73,Se =0.29,Wald =6.29,OR =2.07,95 ％ CI:1.17-3.66,P =0.01),plasma glucose (Estimate =0.86,Se =0.42,Wald =4.15,OR =2.37,95 ％ CI:1.03-5.44,P =0.04) and Cpeptide(Estimate =1.74,Se =0.44,Wald =15.93,OR =5.69,95％ CI:2.42-13.37,P =0.01).Conclusions There are many factors that may affect DPN.The course of disease,plasma glucose and C-peptide are major risk factors for DPN.Effective blood glucose control can effectively prevent the occurrence of DPN.

Screening and characterization of aptamers of Cepsilon3-Cepsilon4 protein / 药学学报

In order to obtain nucleotides aptamers bind to IgE, 80 bp nucleotides single-stranded DNA library containing 40 random nucleotides was designed and synthesized. Oligonucleotides that bind to human Cepsilon3-Cepsilon4 protein were isolated from ssDNA pools by the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method using nitrocellulose filters as screening medium. Through the optimization of critical PCR and asymmetric PCR parameters including annealing temperature, cycles, and molar ratios of target protein and ssDNA etc, a suitable screening system was established. The aptamers of Cepsilon3-Cepsilon4 protein with high affinity and high specificity were identified by ELISA with biotin-streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase system, and its primary sequence and second structure were analyzed by DNAMAN package and DNA folding sever after being cloned and sequenced. Moreover, target protein was bound to one aptamer and another aptamer modified with biotion together forming a sandwich-like complex, which was captured in microwell to detect IgE concentration using the optimal combination in the sandwich method named enzyme-linked aptamers sorption assay (ELASA). The method could be used for the quantitative detection of human IgE, and whose sensitivity reached to 120 ng x mL(-1).

Progress in the study of allergic disease drugs targeting on IgE/FcepsilonRI signaling pathway / 药学学报

Allergic diseases have become global social health problems. The binding of IgE with its high affinity receptor FcepsilonRI plays a key step in I-type allergy. Recently, more and more key molecules on the IgE/FcepsilonRI signaling transduction pathway were to be the drug candidates against allergic diseases, with in-depth study of FcepsilonRI signal pathway gradually. The main drugs include molecule antibodies, peptides, vaccines, fusion proteins, small molecules, and other drugs related to IgE/FcepsilonRI. The recent progress in the study of mechanisms of representative drugs targeting on IgE/FcepsilonRI signaling pathway was reviewed in this article.

Establishment of a rat chronic asthma model and its evaluation / 药学学报

This study is to establish a rat chronic asthma model. Sensitive SD rats were selected through histamine challenge. The asthmatic groups were sensitized by ih and ip with OVA, aluminium hydroxide gel and inactivated bacillus pertussis on day 1 and 14. From day 21, acute asthmatic group was aerosolized 1% OVA for 1 week, chronic asthmatic group was aerosolized 0.1% OVA for 12 weeks. The control groups received saline as the substitution of OVA. Twenty four hours after the last provocation, physiological monitoring equipment was used to detect the pulmonary function, then the rats were sacrificed. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected to calculate the ratio of different inflammatory cells. ELISA was used to detect total IgE and OVA-specific IgE in serum. Microscopy was conducted to observe the histopathology of lung stained with haematoxylin and eosin staining. Collagen fibers were detected using Picric acid-Sirius red staining technique. The optical density at 610 nm of extractive from locus caeruleus was detected by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). The results showed that the asthmatic characteristics were significantly developed in model groups, but not in control groups. Chronic asthmatic group had significantly higher indexes than acute asthmatic group, including the thickness of airway smooth muscle and bronchial basement membrane, and goblet cell hyperplasia, the area of collagen in airways, A610 of extractive from locus caeruleus, the concentration of total IgE and OVA-specific IgE in serum. However, inflammatory cell infiltrate in lungs and the percentage of eosinophils of white blood cells in BALF were lower in chronic asthmatic group than those in acute asthmatic group. Respiratory rate and respiratory flow showed no significant difference in both model groups. In conclusion, the rat chronic asthma model is established by the way in this study, which is comparable to the physiopathologic characteristics of human asthma.

Molecular actions guiding neural regeneration in planarian / 神经科学通报·英文版

Planarian is among the simplest animals that possess a centralized nervous system (CNS), and its neural regeneration involves the replacement of cells lost to normal 'wear and tear' (cell turnover), and/or injury. In this review, we state and discuss the recent studies on molecular control of neural regeneration in planarians. The spatial and temporal expression patterns of genes in intact and regenerating planarian CNS have already been described relatively clearly. The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and Wnt signaling pathways are identified to regulate neural regeneration. During neural regeneration, conserved axon guidance mechanisms are necessary for proper wiring of the nervous system. In addition, apoptosis may play an important role in controlling cell numbers, eliminating unnecessary tissues or cells and remodeling the old tissues for regenerating CNS. The bilateral symmetry is established by determination of anterior-posterior (A-P) and dorsal-ventral (D-V) patterns. Moreover, neurons positive to dopamine, serotonin (5-HT), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been detected in planarians. Therefore, planarians present us with new, experimentally accessible contexts to study the molecular actions guiding neural regeneration.

Protective effect of Tongxinluo Ultramicro-pulverization on experimental myocardial infarction of rats / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of Tongxinluo ultramicro-pulverization (TXLU) on experimental myocardial infarction and platelet aggregation of rats, investigate its mechanisms on ischemia heart disease and offer a reference to clinical usage.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Rats were separated randomly into 7 groups: sham, model, diltiazem (0.15 mg x kg(-1)), TXL(1.2 g x kg(-1)), TXLU (1.2, 0.6, 0.3 g x kg(-1)). The experimental myocardial infarction was induced with ligating the left anterior descending branch of the coronary of rats. The infarction size was determined after myocardium tissue was stained with 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). And the serum of rats was separated to analyze CK, LDH, SOD, MDA. Another 60 rats were separated randomly into 6 groups: control, aspirin (0.15 mg x kg(-1)), TXL (1.2 g x kg(-1)), TXLU (1.2 ,0.6,0.3 g x kg(-1)). The rat platelet aggregation was induced with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and collagen to observe the inhibitory effects of TXLU.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>TXLU could relieve the myocardial infarction size and weight stained with TTC significantly, the myocardial infarction size of the three groups of TXLU were (2.7 +/- 2.1)%, (3.4 +/- 1.2)%, (2.8 +/- 1.8)%, compared with model group (8.9 +/- 5.9)%, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01. The myocardial infarction weight of the three groups of TXLU were (8.4 +/- 3.5)%, (8.7 +/- 4.1)%, (9.7 +/- 4.1)%, compared with model group (l2.2 +/- 3.6)% P < 0.05 or P < 0. 01. And the content of MDA and the activities of CK and LDH in rats subjected with ligation of coronary artery were inhibited obviously too, compared with model group P < 0.05 or P < 0.01, then the activity of SOD increased. TXLU could inhibit the maximum percentage of rats platelet aggregation induced with ADP and collagen, the maximum percentage of platelet aggregation induced with ADP were (26.9 +/- 9.2)%, (24.4 +/- 13.4)%, (30.6 +/- 12.2)%, compared with control group (44.3 +/- 15. 7)% P < 0.05 or P < 0.01; The maximum percentage of platelet aggregation induced with collagen were (33.8 +/- 6.9)%, (32.1 +/- 8.3)%, (41.5 +/- 7.8)%, compared with control group (49.2 +/- 15.9)%, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The experiment results indicated that TXLU could protect myocardial tissue of rats from ischemic injury and the mechanism may be related with antioxidation and inhibiting platelet aggregation, and the results also suggested TXLU could lower clinical dosage.</p>

Pulse Pressure and the In-Hospital Mortality and Morbidity in Acute Stroke Patients / 中华高血压杂志

0.05)and 1.464(95% CI 1.061- 2.020,P=0.02),respectively in hemorrhagic stroke patients after adjustment for age,gender,ethnieity,cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking.However,the ORs of mortality and morbidity were not significant in various pulse pressure groups in ischemic stroke patients.Conclusion The elevated pulse pressure was associated with increased risk of in-hospital morbidity only in hemorrhagic stroke patients.

Characterization of a bioflocculant from a newly isolated Vagococcus sp. W31 / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Screening of microorganisms producing flocculating substances was carried out. A strain secreting a large amount of bioflocculant was isolated from wastewater samples collected from the Little Moon River in Beijing. Based on the morphological properties and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the isolate (designated W31) was classified as Vagococcus sp. A bioflocculant (named MBFW31) produced by W31 was extracted from the culture broth by ethanol precipitation and purified by gel chromatography. MBFW31 was heat-stable and had strong flocculating activity in a wide range of pH with relatively low dosage requirement. MBFW31 was identified as a polysaccharide with molecular weight over 2 x 10(6). It contained neutral sugar and uronic acid as its major and minor components, respectively. Infrared spectra showed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and methoxyl group in its molecules. The present results suggested that MBFW31 had potential application in wastewater treatment.

The initial clinical application of multi-detector CT on spinal angiography / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To explore the value of Multi-detector CT in spinal cord angiography. Methods Ten patients with initial MR and clinical findings suggestive of spinal cord vessel disease were performed CT spinal cord angiography.Among these,7 patients were performed DSA later within 1 week, and 4 patients were therapy by operation.CT protocol:Toshiba Aquilion 64 slice CT scanner,0.5 mm thickness,0.5/r,120 kV,350 mA,choose aortic arch level as inspection position,and use"surestart" technique with CT threshold 180 HU.Contrast medium was Iohexol(370 mg I/ml),with injection velocity of 6 ml/s.The total volume was 80 ml.The CT spinal cord angiography images were analyzed according to disease model,disease range,feeding artery,fistula,draining veins,and were compared with DSA and operation results.Results All CT spinal cord angiography images displayed spinal vessel malformation. Among these,3 patients were inner-medullary arteriovenous malformation;2 patients were peri-medullary arteriovenous fistula;5 patients were spinal dural arteriovenous fistula.All cases showed disease range,and draining veins clearly,one patient had two vessels that were false positive,and all the other cases showed feeding arteries clearly,which were confirmed by DSA.Conclusion There are great values for CT spinal angiography in diagnosing spinal vessel disease,it can be a screening exam before DSA.