Accurate quantification of 3'-terminal 2'-O-methylated small RNAs by utilizing oxidative deep sequencing and stem-loop RT-qPCR / 医学前沿

The continuing discoveries of novel classes of RNA modifications in various organisms have raised the need for improving sensitive, convenient, and reliable methods for quantifying RNA modifications. In particular, a subset of small RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), are modified at their 3'-terminal nucleotides via 2'-O-methylation. However, quantifying the levels of these small RNAs is difficult because 2'-O-methylation at the RNA 3'-terminus inhibits the activity of polyadenylate polymerase and T4 RNA ligase. These two enzymes are indispensable for RNA labeling or ligation in conventional miRNA quantification assays. In this study, we profiled 3'-terminal 2'-O-methyl plant miRNAs in the livers of rice-fed mice by oxidative deep sequencing and detected increasing amounts of plant miRNAs with prolonged oxidation treatment. We further compared the efficiency of stem-loop and poly(A)-tailed RT-qPCR in quantifying plant miRNAs in animal tissues and identified stem-loop RT-qPCR as the only suitable approach. Likewise, stem-loop RT-qPCR was superior to poly(A)-tailed RT-qPCR in quantifying 3'-terminal 2'-O-methyl piRNAs in human seminal plasma. In summary, this study established a standard procedure for quantifying the levels of 3'-terminal 2'-O-methyl miRNAs in plants and piRNAs. Accurate measurement of the 3'-terminal 2'-O-methylation of small RNAs has profound implications for understanding their pathophysiologic roles in biological systems.

Protective effect and its molecular mechanism of dexmedetomidine on nerve injury / 中国医师进修杂志

Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a specific α2 receptor agonist, which has high analgesic and neuroprotective effects on the basis of less side effects.Due to the advantages of DEX,it is currently used in ICU,anesthesia and other fields.In recent years,its neuroprotective effect has attracted extensive attention.It has been reported that DEX plays a critical role in the injured development brain, postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and other diseases.The specific mechanism is unknown, which needs to be further explored.