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OBJECTIVE：To rapidly evaluate the effectiveness ，safety and economics of Ginkgo biloba extract（EGb）in the treatment of Alzheimer ’s disease （AD）patients，and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical drug selection and decision. METHODS：Retrieved from PubMed ，Embase，Cochrane Library ，Web of Science ，CNKI，CBM，Wanfang database ，health technology assessment （HTA）organization websites and database during the inception to Aug. 10，2020，HTA reports ，systematic reviews/Meta-analysis，and pharmacoeconomic studies of EGb versus placebo in the treatment of AD were collected. After literature screening and data extration ，HTA checklist ，AMSTAR-2 scale and CHEERS scale were used respectively to evaluate the literature quality of the included HTA report ，systematic review/Meta-analysis and pharmacoeconomics studies. The conclusion of the included studies were summarized by using qualitative description. RESULTS ：A total of 9 literatures were included ，involving 8 systematic reviews and 1 economic studies. In terms of effectiveness ，there was no statistical significance in MMSE score of EGb group，ADAS-Cog score of 120 mg EGb group ，compared with placebo group （P＞0.05）. Dementia Quality of Life （DQoL）score of EGb group was significantly higher than that of placebo group. The scores of short cognitive aptitude tests ，neuropsychiatric inventory（NPI），NPI caregiver version score ，ADAS-Cog score of 160 mg EGb group and 240 mg EGb group were significantly lower than those of control group （P＜0.05）. ADL scores of patients were inconsistent ；ADL scores of EGb group were significantly lower than those o f placebo group （P＜0.05），or there was no significant diff erence between 2 groups（P＞0.05）； . subgroup analysis by dose showed that there was no RDY2019-39） significant difference in ADL score between 120 mg EGb group and placebo group （P＞0.05）；ADL score of 240 mg E-mail：renxiaolei83@126.com EGb group were signicantly lower than that of placebo group （P＜0.05）. Subgroup analysis of clinical global impression 010-88325751。E-mail：lyi1267@126.com change （CGIC） score showed that there was no significant difference in CGIC score between EGb group and placebo group after receiving ＜200 mg EGb and 26 weeks of treatment （P＞ 0.05）；CGIC score of EGb group was significantly higher than that of placebo group after receiving ＞200 mg EGb and 24 weeks of treatment （P＜0.05）. In terms of safety ，there was no statistical significance in the incidence of ADR or the incidence of severe ADR between EGb group and placebo group （P＞0.05）. Subgroup analysis by dose showed that the incidence of ADR in 240 mg EGb group was significantly higher than placebo group （P＜0.05）. Economically ，EGb treatment for AD is cost-effective ，which could indirectly save the nursing costs of AD patients. CONCLUSIONS ：The efficacy of EGb in the treatment of AD is uncertain ， and the safety and economy are good.
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Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of alprostadil injection in patients with viral hepatitis.Methods Medline,Embase,The Cochrane Library,CBMdisc,CNKI,Wanfang Database and VIP were searched.The quality of included studies such as randomization,blinding,allocation concealment and loss of follow-up were evaluated and meta-analysis was performed by RevMan5.1 software.Results In total,14 RCTs and 1 232 patients were included.Meta-analysis showed that in patients with viral hepatitis,the total effective rate of alprostadil injection treatment was significantly superior to that of conventional therapy (P<0.000 01).Serious adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by alprostadil injection were not reported.Conclusion Alprostadil injection is effective and safe for treating viral hepatitis.However,the evidence is not strong due to the generally low methodological quality of RCTs.Further high quality and large sample-sized randomized controlled trials and more pharmacoeconomics studies should be carried out.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and related factors of drug-induced hyperkalemia,present preven-tive measures and provide reference for the rational drug use. METHODS:46 literatures of individual cases and group cases of drug-induced hyperkalemia publicly reported in domestic medical journals from 1979 to 2014 were collected and analyzed statistical-ly,including 66 cases. RESULTS:66 cases with drug-induced hyperkalemia were mainly involved in cardiovascular drugs and im-munosuppressants. Most of them were improved after drug withdrawal and symptomatic treatment,and 2 cases died. CONCLU-SIONS:Drug-induced hyperkalemia are potentially dangerous. It is necessary to be vigilant,prevent and control timely and reduce the incidence of severe adverse reactions.