The role of adenine nucleotide and its metabolites in regulating the homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism / 生理学报

Glucose and lipid metabolism is the most fundamental metabolic activity of higher organisms. This process is affected by both genetic polymorphisms and environmental factors. Excessive uptake and accumulation of lipids lead to obesity and disorder of glucose metabolic homeostasis characterized by insulin resistance and hyperglycemia, suggesting that the cross-regulation between lipid and glucose metabolism happens precisely at organ, cellular and molecular levels by known mechanisms. Adenine nucleotides and their metabolites have emerged as mediators in the mutual regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. This review summarizes the roles of purinergic signaling induced by fatty acids in glucose metabolism and the development of type 2 diabetes.

In vitro release study, in vivo evaluation of biodistribution and antitumor activity of HPMA copolymer-5-fluorouracil conjugates / 药学学报

The in vitro release behavior, in vivo biodistribution and antitumor activity of N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer-5-fluorouracil conjugates (P-FU) were studied. The in vitro release behavior was evaluated by determining the amount of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) released from P-FU in mice plasma at 37 degrees C. The in vivo biodistribution and therapeutic evaluation were investigated with Kunming mice bearing hepatoma 22 (H22). The in vitro half-life (t1/2) of P-FU in mice plasma was 32.4 h. It appeared that the circulation life time of the conjugates were 166 times longer than that of 5-FU. The AUC and t1/2 of P-FU in tumor were 3.3 times and 2.3 times more than those of 5-FU, respectively. Therapeutic evaluation also demonstrated that the treatment with P-FU displayed stronger inhibition of the tumor growth when compared with that of 5-FU (P < 0.05). HPMA copolymer is a potential carrier for 5-FU for effective treatment of cancer.