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Objective To explore the dynamic changes of EEG and the clinical characteristics of anti -N-methyl-D-aspartic acid(NMDA)receptor encephalitis.Method The clinical data of 12 patients with anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis were analyzed retrospectively.Results The study included 12 cases of diagnosed patients,6 males and 6 females,aging from 14 to 43 years old,with hospital stay 13 -84 d.The clinical features suggested mental and behavior disorder in 12 cases,involuntary movement in 12 cases,coma in 6 cases,seizure in 11 cases(include status epilepticus in 4 cases),assisted respiration and stayed in neurology intensive care unit in 6 cases,lung infection in 8 cases.The EEG on admission showed height abnormal in 7 cases,moderately abnormal in 4 cases,mild abnormal in 1 case,δ brush in 7 cases,generalized slow waves in 11 cases,asymmetric in 4 cases and epileptic discharge in 6 cases.The EEG at discharge showed height abnormal in 3 cases,moderately abnormal in 7 cases,mild abnormal in 1 case,δ brush in 4 cases, generalized slow waves in 7 cases, asymmetric in 4 cases and epileptic discharge in 1 cases.Conclusion The EEG plays an important role in the diagnosis of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis,and the δ brush may be is a special display.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinical application of ultrasonic cardiac output monitor (USCOM) in evaluation of cardiac function in children with severe pneumonia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-nine children with severe pneumonia were enrolled in the observation group and forty-three children with common pneumonia were enrolled in the control group. The USCOM was used to measure the cardiac function indices in the two groups. The results were compared between the two groups. The changes in cardiac function indices after treatment were evaluated in the observation group.</p><p><b>ESULTS</b>The observation group had a significantly higher heart rate and significantly lower cardiac output, systolic volume, and aortic peak velocity than the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in cardiac index or systemic vascular resistance between the two groups (P>0.05). In the observation group, the heart rate, cardiac output, systolic volume, aortic peak velocity, cardiac index, and systemic vascular resistance were significantly improved after treatment (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The USCOM is a fast, convenient, and accurate approach for dynamic measurement of cardiac function and overall circulation state in children with severe pneumonia. The USCOM can provide a basis for diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of the disease, which is quite useful in clinical practice.</p>