ERG and OCT abnormalities in retinoblastoma after melphalan intravitreous injection / Anormalidades do ERG e OCT em um caso de retinoblastoma após injeção intravítrea de melfalan

ABSTRACT The authors report full-field electroretinogram and optical coherence tomography findings of intravitreal melphalan retinal toxicity. An 18-month-old girl with unilateral group D retinoblastoma was evaluated with light-adapted 3 full-field electroretinogram protocol and optical coherence tomography (I-Stand optical coherence tomography, Optovue) after treatment with intravitreal melphalan for active vitreous seeds. After the third injection, the child developed retinal pigment epithelial changes near the injection site. The photopic response of the full-field electroretinogram standard flash cones showed a decrease in amplitude responses of waves a and b in the affected eye compared to the contralateral eye. Optical coherence tomography showed loss of photoreceptors and outer nuclear layers in the affected eye. Melphalan toxicity is dose-dependent, and despite its treatment benefits, it can affect vision. Our case shows an updated, in-depth retinal toxicity assessment of intravitreal melphalan in the human retina with optical coherence tomography and its correlation with electroretinogram changes.

RESUMO Os autores relatam os achados de eletrorretinograma de campo total e tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT) da toxicidade retiniana ao melfalan intravítreo. Menina de 18 meses com retinoblastoma foi avaliada com fases fotópicas do eletrorretinograma de campo total e tomografia de coerência óptica após o tratamento com melfalan intravítreo. Após a terceira injeção, a criança desenvolveu alterações do epitélio pigmentar da retina próximo ao local da injeção. A resposta fotópica do eletrorretinograma de campo total mostrou diminuição da amplitude das respostas das ondas a e b no olho afetado comparado com o olho sadio. A tomografia de coerência óptica mostrou alterações significativas nas camadas retinianas externas no olho comprometido. A toxicidade do melfalan é dose dependente e, apesar dos benefícios terapêuticos, podem causar alterações retinianas significativas. Este caso demonstra uma avaliação atual e aprofundada da toxicidade retiniana do melfalan intravítreo na retina humana através da tomografia de coerência óptica e sua correlação com as alterações no eletrorretinograma.

Stress level and quality of life following pediatric cataract surgery / Avaliação do nível de estresse e de qualidade de vida em crianças submetidas à cirurgia de catarata

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the quality of life and stress level related to visual function following pediatric cataract surgery in a Brazilian public hospital. Methods: This prospective study analyzed children aged 6-14 years old who underwent cataract surgery. The Childhood Stress Scale and Children's Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ) were used to assess stress levels and quality of life, respectively. Both instruments were applied by two psychologists before and after the surgery. Eye examination was performed by two ophthalmologists. Preoperative and postoperative data were compared. Results: In total, 23 children (32 eyes) were enrolled in the study, of which 9 had bilateral cataracts. The average age group at the time of surgery was 9.65 ± 2.26 (6-14) years old. One month after the surgery, the spherical equivalent was -0.90 ± 1.66D, and the corrected distance visual acuity was 0.13 ± 0.10 (0-0.3) LogMAR in bilateral cases and 0.50 ± 0.39 (0-1.3) LogMAR in unilateral cases (p<0.01). According to the Childhood Stress Scale, 77.7% of the bilateral cases and 57.1% of the unilateral cases had stable stress levels, and 34.7% of the children improved their stress level. The analysis of the CVFQ was based on scores for general health, general vision health, competence, personality, and treatment. After cataract surgery, 78.2% of the patients had improved or maintained CVFQ scores in the general health domain; 82.6%, general vision health; 95.6%, competence; 56.5%, personality; and 78.2%, treatment. Conclusion: Pediatric cataract surgery improves the visual function and the quality of life even in patients undergoing surgical procedures, without increasing the stress levels.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida e o nível de estresse relacionada à função visual após a cirurgia de catarata pediátrica em um hospital público brasileiro. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo em crianças de seis a 14 anos submetidas à cirurgia de catarata. A Escala de Stresse Infantil e o Questionário de Função Visual em Crianças foram usados para avaliar o nível de estresse e a qualidade de vida, respectivamente. Ambos os instrumentos foram aplicados por duas psicólogas antes e após a cirurgia. O exame oftalmológico foi realizado por dois oftalmologistas. Os dados coletados no pré e pós-operatório foram comparados. Resultados: Vinte e três crianças (32 olhos) foram incluídas no estudo, nove delas apresentavam catarata bilateral. A média de idade na cirurgia foi de 9,65±2,26 (6 a 14) anos. Um mês após a cirurgia, o equivalente esférico foi de -0,90 ± 1,66D e a acuidade visual corrigida a distância foi de 0,13 ± 0,10 (0-0,3) LogMAR em casos bilaterais e 0,50 ± 0,39 (0-1,3) LogMAR em casos unilaterais (p<0.01). De acordo com a Escala de Stresse Infantil, 77,7% dos casos de catarata bilaterais, e 57,1% dos casos unilaterais mantiveram o nível de estresse e 34,7% das crianças melhoraram o nível de estresse. A análise do Questionário de Função Visual em Crianças foi baseada em pontuações para saúde geral, saúde geral da visão, competência, personalidade e tratamento. Após a cirurgia de catarata, 78,2% dos pacientes melhoraram ou mantiveram o escore do Questionário de Função Visual em Crianças na saúde geral, 82,6% na saúde geral da visão, 95,6% na competência, 56,5% na personalidade e 78,2% no tratamento. Conclusão: A cirurgia de catarata pediátrica melhora a função visual e a qualidade de vida em pacientes submetidos a procedimento cirúrgico, sem aumentar o nível de estresse.

Burnout, ethical climate and work organization in covid-19 intensive care units: mixed method study / Agotamiento profesional, clima ético y organización del trabajo en unidades de cuidados intensivos de covid-19: estudio de método mixto / Burnout, clima ético e organização do trabalho em unidade de terapia intensiva covid-19: estudo misto

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the association between burnout and the perception of the ethical climate in nursing professionals in the covid-19 Intensive Care Unit and the relationship with the organization of work from the perspective of managers of these units. Methods: mixed method study conducted in three university hospitals in southern Brazil from December 2021 to March 2022. A cross-sectional study was developed with 110 nursing professionals, followed by an exploratory-descriptive study through semi-structured interviews with six managers. Descriptive and analytical statistics and discursive textual analysis were used. Results: the prevalence of burnout was 10% and the perception of negative ethical climate was 24.5%. The association between burnout and ethical climate revealed overload and fatigue during working hours, related to tension, fear, and stress that emerged from the consequences of the organization and relations of work in the covid-19 Intensive Care Unit. Conclusions: there was an association between burnout and ethical climate and elements of the work organization.

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la asociación entre el agotamiento profesional y la percepción del clima ético en profesionales de enfermería de la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos covid-19 y la relación con la organización del trabajo desde la perspectiva de los directivos de estas unidades. Métodos: estudio de método mixto realizado en tres hospitales universitarios del sur de Brasil entre diciembre de 2021 y marzo de 2022. Se desarrolló un estudio transversal con 110 profesionales de enfermería, seguido de un estudio exploratorio-descriptivo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con seis gestores. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, analítica y análisis textual discursivo. Resultados: hubo un 10% de prevalencia de agotamiento profesional y un 24,5% de percepción de clima ético negativo. La asociación entre el agotamiento profesional y el clima ético reveló sobrecarga y fatiga durante la jornada laboral, relacionadas con la tensión, el miedo y el estrés que surgieron de las consecuencias de la organización y las relaciones laborales en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos covid-19. Conclusiones: hubo asociación entre agotamiento profesional y clima ético y elementos de la organización del trabajo.

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a associação entre burnout e percepção do clima ético em profissionais de enfermagem de Unidade de Terapia Intensiva covid-19 e a relação com a organização do trabalho na perspectiva dos gestores dessas unidades. Métodos: estudo misto realizado em três hospitais universitários no Sul do Brasil, de dezembro de 2021 a março de 2022. Empregou-se estudo transversal com 110 profissionais de enfermagem, seguido de estudo exploratório-descritivo por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com seis gestores. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e analítica, e análise textual discursiva. Resultados: evidenciou-se 10% de prevalência de burnout e 24,5% de percepção do clima ético negativo. A associação entre burnout e clima ético revelou sobrecarga e cansaço nas jornadas de trabalho, relacionados à tensão, medo, e estresse, que emergiram das consequências da organização e das relações do trabalho nas UTI covid-19. Conclusões: verificou-se a associação entre burnout e clima ético e elementos da organização do trabalho.

Estigma e injustiça epistêmica: experiência de adoecimento e tratamento no CAPS AD III sob a ótica do usuário / Stigma and epistemic injustice: experience of illness and treatment at CAPS AD III from the user's perspective

Resumo Este artigo parte de uma pesquisa qualitativa que busca dar voz aos usuários, tornando-os atores através de uma pesquisa participativa. Trouxe à tona discursos estigmatizados e experiências afetadas pela perda de credibilidade testemunhal, conceito introduzido por Miranda Fricker como injustiça epistêmica. Todos os dados foram gerados através de um modelo de entrevista (MINI) no primeiro momento da pesquisa. No segundo momento, foi feita uma pesquisa participativa sob a lógica do cuidado que requer uma prática baseada na sensibilidade em relação às experiências do mundo dos usuários participantes. Diante desta perspectiva, ter voz emergiu como ponto essencial, e é nessa lógica que a pesquisa realizada no CAPS AD III, para que os usuários fizessem parte de uma abordagem participativa, teve a intenção de produzir mudanças.

Abstract This article is part of a qualitative research that seeks to give users a voice, making them actors through participatory research. It brought up stigmatized discourses and experiences affected by the loss of credibility, a concept introduced by Miranda Fricker as epistemic injustice. All data were generated through an interview model (MINI) in the first stage of the research, in the second moment, a participatory research was carried out under the logic of care that requires a practice based on sensitivity in relation to the experiences of the participating users in the world. Given this perspective, having a voice emerged as an essential point, and it is in this logic that the research carried out at CAPS AD III, so that users were part of a participatory approach, had the intention of producing changes.

The risk of Alzheimer′s disease transmitted by blood transfusion based on APP/PS1 double transgenic mice / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the risk of Alzheimer′s disease (AD) transmitted by blood transfusion. 【Methods】 There were 10 APP/PS1 mice of 3, 6 and 9 months old, half female and half male, and the cognitive and behavioral abilities of C57 mice of the same age were measured, and the blood of the oldest APP/PS1 mice with no behavioral changes were collected to detect the contents of Aβ40 and Aβ42. The polymers Aβ40 and Aβ42 were prepared and Western blotting analysis was conducted. Kunming mice aged from 6 to 7 months were randomly divided into 6 groups (10 mice/ group, half male and half female). The blood of APP/PS1 mice was injected intravenously in experimental group 1-2(100 μL/mouse) with high frequency injection (3 times/week) and low frequency injection (1 time/week), respectively. In experimental group 3-4, Aβ40 and Aβ42 polymerized mixture (100 μL/mouse) were injected in high frequency and low frequency, respectively. The control group 1-2 was injected with the same amount of normal saline, with high frequency and low frequency, respectively. The above groups were injected for 4 weeks, and the cognitive and behavioral abilities were tested and analyzed one week after injection. Finally, the contents of Aβ40 and Aβ42 in blood of Kunming mice were detected. 【Results】 Change in cognitive and behavioral ability showed in 9 months old APP/PS1 mice, but not in 3 and 6 months old APP/PS1 mice. The contents of Aβ40 and Aβ42 (pg/mL) in blood of 6-7 months old APP/PS1 mice were 418.40±2.18 and 15.68±0.20, respectively. Except for monomers, most of the polymerized mixtures of Aβ40 and Aβ42 were dimers and trimers. In both high frequency and low frequency, Kunming mice transfused with blood of APP/PS1 mice (experimental group 1-2) showed a certain degree of anxiety-like behavior and short-term memory shortening in open-field test and conditioned fear test, but without significant difference. There was no significant difference in open field test, new object recognition, Barnes maze and cognitive behavior analysis of conditioned fear between experimental group 3-4 and the control group. The levels of blood Aβ40 and Aβ42(pg/mL) of Kunming mice detected by ELISA were 10.30±0.08 and 3.360±0.005, respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups. 【Conclusion】 Blood transfusion of APP/PS1 mice and the mixture of Aβ40 and Aβ42 have no significant effect on the cognitive function of healthy Kunming mice in a short time, and the risk of AD transmission is relatively low.

Research Progress of GABA Receptors in Alzheimer’s Disease / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with the early symptom of A β plaque, tau hyperphosphorylation neuronal tangle formation in cells. At present, accumulated evidence shows that the changes of GABA receptors are closely related to AD. Some studies have shown that the expression level of each subunit of the GABA receptor changes in AD patients. Therefore, it is speculated that the changes of GABA subunits may be related to the pathogenesis of AD, but there is no better methods to improve AD by targeting GABA receptors. In order to further understand the relationship between the changes of GABA receptors and AD, this paper first reviewed the changes of GABA receptors in AD patients and animal models’ brains and found that there was differential expression in GABA(A) receptor subunits in AD patients. Then we summarized the changes of GABA receptor subunits in Alzheimer database. Based on the data, we found that a few GABA subunits had significant changes. The evidence shows that the change of GABA receptors alters the neural activity in the brain. Other studies have found that the treatment of mice with GABA receptor agonists and antagonists can improve the cognitive ability of mice. We hope that understanding the differential expression of GABA receptors in AD will provide a more accurate target for the treatment of AD.

Advance in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Alzheimer's disease by regulating microglia / 中国药理学通报

Microglia, the main immune macrophages in the central nervous system, can be highly involved in the occurrence and development of Alzheimer's disease(AD)through microglia polarization and receptor protein expression. Traditional Chinese Medicine has been demonstrated to have regulatory effects on MG. Many active components in Traditional Chinese herbs play important roles in decreasing β-amyloid peptide(Aβ)accumulation, inhibiting neuro-inflammation and regulating microglia polarization etc. In this study the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of AD and the mechanism by which Traditional Chinese Medicine regulating microglia are reviewed to provide a reference for the treatment of AD.

Different processed products of Polygonati Rhizoma treat Alzheimer's disease in rats: urine metabolomics based on UPLC-Q/TOF-MS / 中国中药杂志

The study investigated the effects of different processed products of Polygonati Rhizoma(black bean-processed Polygonati Rhizoma, BBPR; stewed Polygonati Rhizoma, SPR) on the urinary metabolites in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease(AD). Sixty SPF-grade male SD rats were randomized into a control group, a model group, a donepezil group, a BBPR group, and a SPR group, with twelve rats in each group. Other groups except the control group were administrated with D-galactose injection(100 mg·kg~(-1)) once a day for seven weeks. The control group was administrated with an equal volume of normal saline once a day for seven consecutive weeks. After three weeks of D-galactose injection, bilateral hippocampal Aβ_(25-35) injections were performed for modeling. The rats were administrated with corresponding drugs(10 mL·kg~(-1)) by gavage since week 2, and the rats in the model and control group with an equal volume of double distilled water once a day for 35 continuous days. The memory behaviour and pathological changes in the hippocampal tissue were observed. The untargeted metabolites in the urine were detected by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q/TOF-MS). Principal component analysis(PCA) and orthogonal partial least square-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were employed to characterize and screen differential metabolites and potential biomarkers, for which the metabolic pathway enrichment analysis was conducted. The results indicated that BBPR and SPR increased the new object recognition index, shortened the escape latency, and increased the times of crossing the platform of AD rats in the Morris water maze test. The results of hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining showed that the cells in the hippocampal tissue of the drug administration groups were closely arranged. Moreover, the drugs reduced the content of interleukin-6(IL-6, P<0.01) and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the hippocampal tissue, which were more obvious in the BBPR group(P<0.05). After screening, 15 potential biomarkers were identified, involving two metabolic pathways: dicoumarol pathway and piroxicam pathway. BBPR and SPR may alleviate AD by regulating the metabolism of dicoumarol and piroxicam.

Physiological Roles of β-amyloid in Regulating Synaptic Function: Implications for AD Pathophysiology / 神经科学通报·英文版

The physiological functions of endogenous amyloid-β (Aβ), which plays important role in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), have not been paid enough attention. Here, we review the multiple physiological effects of Aβ, particularly in regulating synaptic transmission, and the possible mechanisms, in order to decipher the real characters of Aβ under both physiological and pathological conditions. Some worthy studies have shown that the deprivation of endogenous Aβ gives rise to synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficiency, while the moderate elevation of this peptide enhances long term potentiation and leads to neuronal hyperexcitability. In this review, we provide a new view for understanding the role of Aβ in AD pathophysiology from the perspective of physiological meaning.

Analysis of urine Alzheimer-associated neuronal thread protein level and related factors of middle-aged and elderly people in Mianyang / 四川精神卫生

ObjectiveTo investigate the Alzheimer-associated neurofilament protein （AD7c-NTP） in urine of middle-aged and elderly people and its correlation between common metabolites. MethodsA total of 1 150 middle-aged and elderly people who did their physical exmanination in the health examination center of the Sichuan Science City Hospital and the Third Hopital of Mianyang were recruited from March 2017 to March 2020. The level of urine AD7c-NTP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and common metabolites in blood were measured by biochemical analyzer. Based on urine AD7c-NTP level ≤1.5 ng/mL， the objects was divided into normal group （n=956） and elevated group （n=194）. Thier demographic data and blood biochemical indicators were collected. ResultsThe urine AD7c-NTP level in middle-aged and elderly people was 0.60（0.30~1.20） ng/mL. The urine AD7c-NTP level was higher in women than that in men ［1.04（0.40~1.30） ng/mL vs. 0.84（0.30~1.00） ng/mL， Z=4.202， P˂0.01］. And the urine AD7c-NTP level was lower in the normal group than that in the elevated group ［0.50（0.30~0.90） ng/mL vs. 2.10（1.70~2.10） ng/mL， Z=22.035， P˂0.01］. The results of the univariate comparison showed that， the differences between the two groups in age （Z=6.545）， fasting glucose （Z=3.506）， blood uric acid （Z=2.574）， urea nitrogen （Z=2.891）， creatinine （Z=2.243）， total bilirubin （Z=3.936）， glutathione （Z=0.969）， total cholesterol （t=3.956） and low density lipoprotein （Z=-5.678） were were statistically significant （P˂0.05 or 0.01）. Spearman correlation analysis showed that， the urine AD7c-NTP level was positively correlated with age and the levels of urea nitrogen， glucose， total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein （r=0.177， 0.178， 0.171， 0.109， 0.149， P˂0.01）， and negatively correlated with the level of total bilirubin （r=-0.172， P˂0.01）. Conclusionthe urine AD7c-NTP level in middle-aged and elderly females was signifitcantly higher than in middle-aged and elderly males.The urine AD7c-NTP level of middle-aged and elderly people was positively correlated with age， urea nitrogen， glucose， total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein， and negatively correlated with total bilirubin.

The predictive value of cognitive impairment at 3 months after ischemic stroke / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To explore the risk factors for cognitive impairment 3 months after an ischemic stroke and their predictive value.Methods:A retrospective case-control study considered the records of 856 elderly patients who had survived an ischemic stroke. All had been evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA). They were divided according to their MoCA scores into a group without cognitive impairment (the PSNCI group) and an impaired (PSCI) group. The subjects′ demographic and clinical laboratory data were compiled. All had been assessed using the National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS), the Barthel Index (BI), and the Hamilton depression scale (HAMD). Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were evaluated and a receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curve was computed.Results:There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender distribution, age, hypertension and heart disease history, family history of dementia and education level. Moreover, significant differences were observed in the groups′ average total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), urinary neurofilament protein (AD7c-NTP), NIHSS scores, BIs and ADL scores. Logistic regression showed that a history of heart disease, urinary AD7C-NTP level and HAMD score were significant independent predictors of cognitive impairment 3 months after a stroke. A high BI was an independent protective factor. The area under the ROC curve for urinary AD7C-NTP was the largest (0.875) and had significant predictive value with a cut-off value of 2.43, sensitivity of 0.94 and specificity of 0.75.Conclusion:Age, sex, education, smoking, drinking, body mass index, a history of heart disease or stroke, a family history of dementia and elevated AD7C-NTP, TC or TG are risk factors for cognitive impairment after a stroke. A high BI suggests a better prognosis. Urinary AD7c-NTP is a useful predictor of PSCI 3 months after a stroke.

Anti-Alzheimer's Disease Effect of Polysaccharides from Zanthoxyli Pericarpium and Analysis of Its Structural Characteristics by Sugar Spectrum / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveThe therapeutic effect of polysaccharides from Zanthoxyli Pericarpium on Alzheimer's disease（AD） was evaluated through establishing a mouse model of AD， and the structural characteristics of the polysaccharides was analyzed by sugar spectrum. MethodThe AD model of mice with rapid aging was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose combined with gavage of aluminum trichloride， and the learning and memory ability of mice was evaluated by Morris water maze test， the histopathological status of brain and neuronal damage were observed by hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining and Nissl staining. After hydrolysis of polysaccharides from Zanthoxyli Pericarpium with acid and different glycosidases， the characteristics of hydrolysates were analyzed by high performance thin layer chromatography（HPTLC） and fluorescence assisted carbohydrate gel electrophoresis（PACE）. HPTLC chromatography was performed on a silica gel 60 plate with sampling volume of 5 μL， developing solvent of ethyl acetate-glacial acetic acid-water（2∶2∶1）， developing twice， aniline-diphenylamine-phosphoric acid solution as chromogenic agent， and heating at 105 ℃ for 10 min， and then observed under sunlight. PACE experimental conditions were 34% separation gel and 8% concentration gel， electrophoresis buffer was 0.1 mol·L-1 tris（hydroxymethyl） aminomethane（Tris）-boric acid buffer（pH 8.2）. Electrophoresis was carried out at 0 ℃ and the loading amount was 3-6 μL. The sample ran to the front of the gel with a constant current of 15 mA， and imaged under ultraviolet 365 nm. ResultThe results of Morris water maze test showed that polysaccharides from Zanthoxyli Pericarpium significantly improved the learning and memory ability of AD model mice， shortened the escape latency， and significantly increased the number of crossing and the residence time in the target quadrant. The results of histopathological experiments showed that polysaccharides from Zanthoxyli Pericarpium could improve the pathological conditions and neuronal damage in the CA1 and CA3 regions of hippocampus of AD mice， and the number of Nissl corpuscles was significantly increased. The results of sugar spectrum analysis showed that the results of HPTLC and PACE analysis were basically consistent， polysaccharides from Zanthoxyli Pericarpium could be mainly hydrolyzed into small molecular sugars by cellulase and pectinase， indicating that they mainly contained β-1，4-glucosidic bond and α-1，4-galacturonic acid glycosidic bond， and could be slightly hydrolyzed by glucanase， β-galactosidase and β-mannase， indicating that they contained only a small amount of α-1，6-glucosidic bond， β-galactosidic bond， β-1，4-mannosidic bond. ConclusionPolysaccharides from Zanthoxyli Pericarpium has obvious therapeutic effect on AD mice， and its structure mainly contains β-1，4-glucosidic bond and α-1，4-galacturonic acid glycosidic bond， which can provide a reference for the structural analysis of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides.

Planejamento de plantão de enfermagem para Caps AD III: um relato de experiência

A saúde mental, especificamente no tratamento para o uso abusivo de psicoativos, exigem conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes de enfermeiros a realizarem suas tarefas com responsabilidade, qualidade e gestão de tempo. Este estudo teve como objetivo relatar a construção de um instrumento para a facilitar o planejamento de plantão de um enfermeiro em saúde mental em um serviço de um Caps AD III. Para tanto o trabalho segue os pressupostos metodológicos da pesquisa de relato de experiência. Como resultado, o presente relato produziu o instrumento de planejamento de plantão, juntamente com os benefícios e a limitações de sua implementação no serviço. A prática de enfermagem em saúde mental pôde ser facilitada pela utilização de um instrumento de planejamento de plantão. Possibilitando a gestão de tempo e estratificação das tarefas em urgentes e importantes.

Pesquisa participativa sob a lógica do cuidado: análise compartilhada em um CAPS AD / Participatory research under the logic of care: Shared analysis in a CAPS AD / La recherche participative sous la logique du soin: analyse partagée dans un CAPS AD / Investigación participativa bajo la lógica del cuidado: análisis compartido en un CAPS AD

A pesquisa procurou explorar as experiências de adoecimento com base no ponto de vista dos usuários de um CAPS AD III. A metodologia empregada neste estudo se baseia em um desenho qualitativo e se divide em duas etapas. Na primeira, foi realizada uma entrevista semiestruturada com os participantes — Entrevista Narrativa de Adoecimento McGill-MINI —, e, na segunda, os participantes foram parte integrante do processo de validação, análise dos resultados e elaboração do arcabouço temário. Os resultados anunciam narrativas atravessadas por desamparo psíquico, abandono familiar, perdas e falta de credibilidade, efeito de um processo excludente em que a droga se sobrepõe ao sujeito. A pesquisa participativa sob a lógica do cuidado (Tangvald-Pedersen & Bongaardt, 2016) possibilitou um diálogo reflexivo acerca da experiência de adoecimento aproximando pesquisadores e participantes, que são como diferentes contadores de histórias, permitindo que a tessitura do fenômeno descrito pudesse enriquecer a compreensão uns dos outros.

Resumos This research explores the experiences of illness from the point of view of users of a CAPS AD III. Based on a qualitative design, the study comprised two stages: in the first, a Narrative Interview of Illness McGill-MINI, a semi-structured interview protocol, was carried out with the participants; in the second, the participants took part in the validation process, analysis of results and elaboration of the thematic framework. The results reveal narratives crossed by psychic helplessness, family abandonment, losses, and lack of credibility — the effect of an excluding process in which the drug overrides the subject. Participatory research under the logic of care (Tangvald-Pedersen & Bongaardt, 2016) enabled a reflective dialogue on the experience of illness, bringing together researchers and participants as different storytellers, allowing the weaving of the phenomenon to enrich their mutual understanding.

Cette recherche explore les expériences de la maladie du point de vue des utilisateurs d'un CAPS AD III. Basée sur un design qualitatif, l'étude s'est déroulée en deux étapes : dans la première, un entretien narratif semi-structurée (Narrative Interview of Illness McGill-MINI) a été réalisée avec les participants; dans la seconde, les participants ont pris part au processus de validation, d'analyse des résultats et d'élaboration du cadre thématique. Les résultats révèlent des récits traversés par l'impuissance psychique, l'abandon familial, les pertes et le manque de crédibilité — l'effet d'un processus d'exclusion dans lequel la drogue chevauche le sujet. La recherche participative sous la logique du soin (Tangvald-Pedersen & Bongaardt, 2016) a permis un dialogue réflexif sur l'expérience de la maladie, réunissant chercheurs et participants comme des différents conteurs, permettant au tissage du phénomène d'enrichir leur compréhension mutuelle.

La investigación buscó explorar las experiencias de enfermedad a partir del punto de vista de los usuarios de CAPS AD III. La metodología utilizada en este estudio se basa en un diseño cualitativo y se divide en dos etapas. En la primera, se realizó una entrevista semiestructurada con los participantes — Entrevista Narrativa de Enfermedad McGill-MINI — y, en la segunda, los participantes fueron parte integral del proceso de validación, análisis de resultados y elaboración del marco temático. Los resultados anuncian narrativas atravesadas por el desamparo psíquico, el abandono familiar, las pérdidas y la falta de credibilidad, efecto de un proceso excluyente en el que la droga se superpone al sujeto. La investigación participativa bajo la lógica del cuidado (Tangvald-Pedersen & Bongaardt, 2016) permitió un diálogo reflexivo sobre la experiencia de la enfermedad, reuniendo a investigadores y participantes, que son como diferentes narradores, permitiendo que la tesitura del fenómeno descrito pudiera enriquecer la comprensión de cada uno.

Desafio do ensino e das competências em saúde no modelo psicossocial nos centros de atenção psicossocial álcool e drogas / Challenge of teaching and health skills in the psychosocial model in psychosocial care centers for alcohol and drugs

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar a análise documental sobre a formação e a educação continuada e permanente de profissionais de saúde que atuam em Centros de Atenção Psicossocial - Álcool e Drogas. Trata-se de uma pesquisa com estratégias metodológicas mistas: a) análise de documentos governamentais sobre o ensino superior e a aprendizagem em serviço; b) entrevistas semiestruturadas com os profissionais; análise de conteúdos e triangulação dos dados. Entre os resultados identificaram-se alguns avanços no ensino superior em saúde e na educação permanente como as políticas setoriais. Concluiu-se que ainda é baixo o incentivo à educação continuada e permanente nos serviços e na efetividade do cuidado, causados pelas fragilidades da formação e ao reduzido investimento econômico nos serviços, dificultando a inclusão de tecnologias inovadoras necessárias ao implemento da política de saúde mental.

The objective of this study is to reflect on the higher education in health of the psychosocial model and the competences of professionals in the Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Drugs. The method was qualitative, through the theoretical study of government documents on higher education and in-service learning and empirical with interviews with professionals. Analyzed the contents and triangulated the results. Results show advances in higher education in health and permanent education through sectoral policies. However, the incentive in the reality of services and consequences in the effectiveness of care is still low. Weaknesses in training and service scenario make it difficult to include innovative technologies corresponding to mental health policy.

Long-term infection passaging of Human Adenovirus 36 in monkey kidney cells

ABSTRACT Human Adenovirus 36 (HAdV-36) has been related to diverse effects on metabolism and may attenuate the lipid accumulation in kidneys with increased adiposity. Some of these effects would be related to viral persistence. However, until now, a model of persistent in vitro infection by HAdV-36 is unknown. In this study, we examined the cells of the Vero lineage to explore their permissiveness to long-term HAdV-36 infection. HAdV-36 was productively replicated in Vero cells and maintained long-term infection for up to 35 cell passages. A subculture was obtained from the cells that survived the primary infection at a low MOI (0.5). The production of the extracellular infectious virus with titers ranging from 104 to 106 TCID50/mL and DNA-bearing cells was detected. In long-term infected cells, the intracellular distribution of viral antigen was demonstrated by performing immunolocalization (IFI) and expression of cell-viral antigen in 50% of cells by flow cytometry, using anti-HAdV-36 hyperimmune rabbit serum. Furthermore, E1a and E4orf1 genes in long-term infected passages showed a decreasing trend. Our preliminary results reveal that renal epithelial monkey cells are permissive for the productive infection of HAdV-36. Vero cell culture long-term infection might be a promising model for addressing the fundamental aspects of the HAdV-36 biology that cannot reveal broadly-used cultures, which do not maintain long-term infection in primary or transformed cells.

O território, as redes e suas (im)potências: o cuidado aos usuários de álcool e outras drogas em um CAPSad / The territory, the networks and their (im)potencies: care for users of alcohol and other drugs in a CAPSad

No presente trabalho, buscamos realizar uma análise das potencialidades e possibilidades do CAPS ad como oferta de cuidado às pessoas que fazem uso prejudicial de álcool e outras drogas e sua atuação junto à rede, a partir do relato de uma experiência em um CAPS ad de um município localizado no interior do estado de São Paulo. Trata-se de um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado, na qual utilizamos a Cartografia como opção metodológica. Como principal desafio encontrado, apresentamos os desencontros da rede, tanto em seus protocolos quanto no olhar para o uso de álcool e outras drogas. Evidenciamos, também, as potencialidades e inventividades que possibilitam a criação de redes/rizomas autônomas das redes dominantes, as quais operam intensificando os efeitos do modo capitalista de produção. Compreendemos, portanto, o CAPS ad como um arranjo institucional provisório, ou como uma estratégia, que, em suas ofertas, pode tornar-se/fazer-se rede de emancipação, assim como um rizoma, suscetível a modificações constantes. A potência da Atenção Psicossocial está, assim, na dimensão inventiva presente nas relações e nos encontros e no rompimento com os processos fragmentadores do cuidado, de modo a garantir a ampliação do acesso aos serviços para as pessoas que tanto sofrem com os efeitos de uma sociedade como a nossa.(AU)

In the present work, we seek to carry out an analysis of the potential and possibilities of CAPS ad as an offer of care to people who make harmful use of alcohol and other drugs and its performance with the network, from an experience report in a CAPS ad of a city located in the interior of the state of São Paulo. This is an excerpt from a master's research, in which we used Cartography as a methodological option. As the main challenge encountered, we present the network's mismatches, both in its protocols and in the look at the use of alcohol and other drugs. We also evidenced the potentialities and inventiveness that make possible the creation of networks/rhizomes autonomous of the dominant networks, which operate intensifying the effects of the capitalist mode of production. We understand, therefore, the CAPS ad as a provisional institutional arrangement, or as a strategy, which, in its offerings, can become a network of emancipation, as well as a rhizome, susceptible to constant changes. The power of Psychosocial Care is, therefore, in the inventive dimension present in relationships and encounters and in breaking with the fragmenting processes of care, in order to guarantee the expansion of access to services for people who suffer so much from the effects of a society like ours.(AU)

En el presente trabajo buscamos realizar un análisis de las potencialidades y posibilidades de los CAPS ad como oferta de atención a personas que hacen uso nocivo de alcohol y otras drogas y su desempeño con la red, a partir del relato de una experiencia. en un anuncio de CAPS de un municipio ubicado en el interior del estado de São Paulo. Este es un extracto de una investigación de maestría, en la cual utilizamos la Cartografía como opción metodológica. Como principal desafío encontrado, presentamos los desajustes de la red, tanto en sus protocolos como en la mirada al uso de alcohol y otras drogas. También evidenciamos las potencialidades y la inventiva que posibilitan la creación de redes/rizomas autónomos de las redes dominantes, que operan intensificando los efectos del Modo de Producción Capitalista. Entendemos, por lo tanto, el anuncio de CAPS como un arreglo institucional provisional, o como una estrategia, que, en sus ofertas, puede convertirse en una red de emancipación, así como en un rizoma, susceptible de cambios constantes. El poder de la Atención Psicosocial está, entonces, en la dimensión inventiva presente en las relaciones y encuentros y en la ruptura con los procesos de fragmentación del cuidado, para garantizar la ampliación del acceso a los servicios de las personas que tanto sufren los efectos de una sociedad. como la nuestra.(AU)

Preliminary study on the effect of IVIG with different Aβ antibody on cognitive function of Alzheimer′s disease model mice / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG) with different Aβ antibody content on the cognitive function of Alzheimer′s disease model mice. 【Methods】 IVIG from 8 domestic blood products companies were selected. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to detect the content of Aβ40/42 antibody. Three kinds of IVIG with high, middle and low Aβ42/40 antibody levels were selected to treat 3xTg-AD mice. Forty 3-month-old 3xTg-AD mice were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 mice in each group(half male and half female). Three treat groups were intraperitoneally injected with three kinds of IVIG with 1g·kg-1 for 12 weeks(twice a week). The controls were injected with the same volume of saline. Behavioral tests were performed immediately by using the mouse behavior analysis system after a total of 24 injections. 【Results】 The concentrations of antibodies(μg/mL) against Aβ40 monomer in IVIG ranged 0.7±0.05 to 3.1±0.05, concentrations of antibodies against Aβ40 oligomer ranged 11.7±0.7 to 32.0±2.2, concentrations of antibodies against Aβ42 monomer ranged 1.8±0.1 to 27.9±0.3, and concentrations of antibodies against Aβ42 oligomeric ranged 2.3±0.1 to 49.4±2. High(IVIG-1), medium(IVIG-8) and low(IVIG-6) IVIG were selected for mice study. In the open field test, the time of four groups of mice entering the central area(s) was 0.5±0.9, 23.4±6.1(P<0.0001), 4.6±2.8 and 2.6±2.3, respectively; the number of feces(grains) was 1.6±0.7(P<0.0001), 1.2±0.4(P<0.0001), 2.4±0.5(P<0.001) and 3.8±0.8, respectively. In the novel object recognition test, the scores of exploring new objects were 71.3±29.5(P<0.05), 71.8±20.5(P<0.05), 75.9±26.9(P<0.01) and 25.6±23.7, respectively. In the Barnes maze test, the time of exploring the target hole in the IVIG-8 group was significantly longer than that in the control on the 6th day(50.3±19.3 vs 21±14.6, P<0.05) and the 13th day(58.2±20.9 vs 19.2±15.9, P<0.005), but there was no significant difference between the IVIG-1, 6 groups and the control. 【Conclusion】 There is a significant difference in the level of Aβ40/42 antibody among 8 kinds of domestic IVIG. Domestic IVIG could improve the cognitive function of 3-month-old 3xTg-AD mice after continuous intervention for 3 months. The improvement effect, however, was related to the Aβ antibody in IVIG, but not to the antibody concentration.

Exercise Enhances SIRT1 Expression and Improves Alzheimer’s Disease / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition and Tau protein hyperphosphorylation are the main pathological features. Silent mating-type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT1) can deacetylate various types of histones and non-histones, and play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Recent studies found that exercise can activate SIRT1 to delay the progression of AD. The mechanisms may be as follows: inhibit the activity of β-secretase and increase the activity of α-secretase to reduce the production of Aβ; reduce the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein; interact with PGC-1α to promote mitochondrial biogenesis; up-regulate PINK1/ Parkin signaling pathway to improve mitochondrial autophagy; and deacetylate NF-κB to inhibit neuroinflammation. In addition, the protein levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) in hippocampus are increased, and ApoE4 gene is inhibited to enhance synaptic plasticity. This article summarizes the role and mechanisms of exercise in improving AD by regulating SIRT1, and provides new ideas for the prevention and treatment of AD.