Association Between V1 Lead r'Wave Amplitude and Impedance Changes With Left Bundle Branch Pacing Electrode Implantation Depth / 中国循环杂志

Objectives:To explore the association between the r'wave amplitude in lead V1 and impedance changes with left bundle branch pacing electrode implantation depth. Methods:A total of 78 patients with normal heart structure and underwent left bundle branch area pacing(LBBAP)in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 1,2019 to December 31,2021 were included in this retrospective analysis.Baseline data,intraoperative and imaging data,and 3,6,9 and 12 months of follow-up results were collected.Correlation and regression analysis were performed to define the feasibility using the r'wave in lead V1 during pacing and impedance changes to estimate the electrode depth. Results:r'waves at the end of the QRS complex in lead V1 during pacing were found in 70 cases(89.7%),and 8 cases(10.3%)showed rS,RS type QRS waves,or no r'wave at the end.Correlation analysis showed that r'wave amplitude was positively correlated with electrode depth(r=0.424,P<0.01),negatively correlated with impedance(r=-0.256,P=0.03).There was no significant statistical correlation between electrode implantation depth and impedance(r=-0.132,P=0.27).Regression analysis found that electrode depth was an important factor affecting r'wave amplitude(regression coefficient=0.056,P=0.000).Combined with the established regression model and impedance,it was found that the amplitude of the r'wave in lead V1 is at the range of 0.24-0.69 mV,and the impedance ranges from 648.30 to 828.90 Ω,and the electrode implantation depth is 6-11 mm,which is most suitable.The risk of perforation is low,and the left bundle branch can be successfully captured with a high probability.The pacing parameters are satisfactory,and the pacing QRS wave duration is narrow.During the intraoperative,postoperative 48 hours,and 12-month follow-up period,the patient did not experience complications such as electrode perforation,thromboembolism,cardiac tamponade,infection,or wire dislocation. Conclusions:Left bundle branch region pacing is a safe and feasible pacing method.During LBBAP,the amplitude of the r'wave in lead V1 at the range of 0.24-0.69 mV,and the impedance ranges from 648.30 to 828.90 Ω can be used to guide the pacing in the left bundle branch region and reduce the risk of electrode perforation.

The early prediction of umbilical cord blood S100β protein and lactate combined with amplitude integrated electroencephalogram in small for gestational age preterm infants with brain injury / 国际儿科学杂志

Objective:To explore the early predictive value of umbilical cord blood S100β protein and lactate combined with amplitude integrated electroencephalogram（aEEG）in small for gestational age（SGA）preterm infants with brain injury.Methods:One hundred and six cases of SGA preterm infants were enrolled in this study in Neonatology Department of Inner Mongolia People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021. Umbilical cord blood serum S100β protein and lactate at birth of All SGA preterm infants were tested，and aEEG was monitored at 6h and 72 h after birth，corrected gestational age of 32 weeks and 37 weeks. According to the diagnostic criteria of brain injury in preterm infants，SGA preterm infants were divided into brain injury group（45 cases）and non-brain injury group（61 cases），and compared the differences of S100β protein，lactate and the designated time aEEG between the two groups.SGA preterm infants with brain injury were further divided into symmetrical group（28 cases）and non-symmetrical group（15 cases）. The differences of umbilical cord blood S100β protein and lactate level between the two groups were compared，and the diagnostic value in different types of SGA preterm infants with brain injury was also compared.Results:SGA preterm infants in the brain injury group had significantly higher levels of umbilical cord blood S100β protein［（0.826±0.218）μg/L vs（0.397±0.196）μg/L， t=8.316， P<0.05］and lactate［（8.5±1.3）mmol/L vs（3.8±0.9）mmol/L， t=3.281， P<0.05］than those in non-brain injury group.Symmetric SGA group had higher level of S100β protein than the asymmetric SGA group［（0.924±0.205）μg/L vs（0.438±0.196）μg/L， t=5.734， P<0.05］.But there was no statistically significant difference in lactate levels［（5.6±1.4）mmol/L vs（3.9±1.2）mmol/L， t=0.932， P>0.05］between symmetric SGA group and asymmetric SGA group. The abnormal rates of aEEG in brain injury group and non-brain injury group were respectively 100%（45/45）vs 22.95%（14/61）at 6 h after birth，95.56%（43/45）vs 16.39%（10/61）at 72 h after birth，62.22%（28/45）vs 6.56%（4/61）at 32 weeks of corrected gestational age，22.22%（10/45）vs 3.28%（2/61）at 37 weeks of corrected gestational age. The abnormal rate of brain injury group was higher than the non-brain injury group in the same nodal time，and the differences were statistically significant（ χ 2 value respectively 62.292，64.913，38.074，9.257，all P<0.05）. Conclusion:There were significant value in umbilical cord blood S100β protein，lactate level and aEEG monitoring in the early diagnosis in preterm infants SGA with brain injury. The combination of the three might be more helpful for the early diagnosis and timely treatment of brain injury in SGA preterm infants.

The immediate brain effect of acupuncture at Fengchi in patients with posterior circulation ischemia vertigo:a resting-state functional MRI study / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To investigate the immediate brain effect of acupuncture at Fengchi using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF)and functional connectivity by the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)in patients with posterior circulation ischemia vertigo(PCIV).Methods Twenty patients with PCIV were enrolled.The dizziness handicap inventory(DHI)was used to evaluate the severity of vertigo.The patients were randomly divided into acupuncture group and sham acupoint acupuncture group.Rs-fMRI scan was performed before and after acupuncture.MATLAB-based DPABI 6.1 software was used to analyze rs-fMRI data.Correlation analysis was used between the altered ALFF values and DHI scores.The regions of altered ALFF were taken as seeds to analyze functional connectivity.Results Compared with the sham acupoint acupuncture group,the increased ALFF values were mainly located on the left precuneus,left superior frontal gyrus and left caudate nucleus after acupuncture in the acupuncture group;the decreased ALFF values were mainly located on the left cerebellum and right inferior occipital gyrus.The ALFF value of the left superior frontal gyrus was negatively correlated with the DHI score(P=0.04).The increased functional connectivity was mainly found between left precuneus and the right middle frontal gyrus,the right superior frontal gyrus,the decreased functional connectivity was mainly found between left precuneus and the bilateral paracentral lobule and right cerebellum.Conclusion The ALFF value and functional connectivity are different before and after acupuncture,indicating that the vestibular network,visual and motor brain regions functional activities are changed after needling at Fengchi,which may be the brain functional basis of Fengchi for vertigo in PCIV.

Influencing factors of the TEG maximum amplitude reduction in emergency trauma patients / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the causes of abnormal decrease in maximum amplitude(MA) of thromboelastography(TEG) and its effect on prognosis by monitoring the changes of coagulation-related indexes in emergency trauma patients. 【Methods】 A total of 319 cases of trauma patients admitted to our hospital from September 2020 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and the coagulation-related indexes of 0 h and 24 h after admission were observed. According to the MA results, they were divided into normal MA group(>50 mm) and reduced MA group(≤50 mm) to compare the hemoglobin(Hb), platelets count(Plt), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), prothrombin time(PT), fibrinogen(Fib), thrombin time(TT), D-dimer(D-D), coagulation reaction time(R), clot formation kinetics(Angle), 30 min clot dissolution rate(Ly30), MA, thrombine-antithrombin complex(TAT) and plasminase-α2 plasminase inhibitor complex(PIC). The correlation between MA and fibrinolysis indexes in 319 trauma patients was analyzed. According to whether tranexamic acid(TXA) was used, the reduced MA group was divided into a TXA group and a non-drug group. The differences in the change of the above coagulation-related indexes, mortality rate and changes in blood product dosage were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 Compared with the normal MA group, Hb, Plt, Fib, diastolic blood pressure and GCS scores decreased, while heart rate, ISS score and mortality increased significantly in the reduced MA group(P0.05). The mortality rate in the TXA group was reduced significantly(P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Hyperfibrinolysis may be an important factor in the abnormal decrease of MA in emergency trauma patients. Treatment with TXA can improve its effect on MA, and reduce the transfusion of blood products and the patient mortality.

Relation between sensorimotor network dysfunction and clinical symptoms in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the changes of abnormal spontaneous brain activity and whole-brain effector connectivity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by combining low frequency amplitude (ALFF) and Granger causality analysis (GCA), and explore their relations with clinical symptoms.Methods:Forty-nine patients with OCD admitted to Department of Psychiatry, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from January 2020 to September 2023 were selected as OCD group; 50 healthy volunteers matched with gender, age and years of education were enrolled as healthy control (HC) group. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and severities in the OCD group were assessed by Yale Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (Y-BOCS). All subjects underwent whole-brain resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning (rs-fMRI). ALFF differences between the 2 groups were compared. Brain regions with ALFF differences were used as seed points, and effector connectivity changes in seed points were compared with those in whole-brain by GCA. Correlations of ALFF and effector connectivity in brain regions with ALFF differences with total scores, obsession scores and compulsion scores of Y-BOCS were analyzed by partial correlation analysis.Results:(1) Compared with that in the HC group, ALFF was significantly enhanced in the right supplementary motor area, right hippocampus, left caudate nucleus, and right fusiform gyrus, and statistically attenuated in the left suboccipital gyrus in the OCD group ( P<0.05). (2) Compared with that in the HC group, effector connectivity from the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus to right supplementary motor area was significantly attenuated, and effector connectivity from the left superior occipital gyrus to right supplementary motor area was significantly enhanced in the OCD group ( P<0.05); compared with that in the HC group, effector connectivity from the right fusiform gyrus to right precentral gyrus was significantly attenuated, and effector connectivity from the right hippocampus to left mesial temporal gyrus was significantly enhanced in the OCD group ( P<0.05). (3) In OCD patients, altered ALFF in the left caudate nucleus was positively correlated with obsession scores ( r=0.357, P=0.027), and altered effector connectivity from the right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus to right supplementary motor area was negatively correlated with obsession scores ( r=-0.312, P=0.029). Conclusion:Abnormalities in sensorimotor network function are closely related to clinical symptoms in patients with OCD.

Research status of correlation between myopia and accommodative function / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

Ocular accommodation refers to the process by which the ciliary muscle creates a clear image of the object in the retina by changing the refractive power of the lens. When the accommodation ability of the eye is insufficient, the imaging focus falls on the region behind the retina and hyperopic defocus is easily formed, resulting in axial growth and leading to the development of myopia, and it is found that most myopic patients usually have some accommodation dysfunction. Myopia has become a public health problem in China, and the prevalence of adolescents has increased dramatically. How to prevent and stop the occurrence and development of myopia is a major challenge. Previous studies have found that ocular accommodation dysfunction is associated with the occurrence and development of myopia, and the measurement of parameters related to accommodation function has certain guiding significance for the prevention and control of myopia. The purpose of this paper is to review the correlation between myopia and ocular accommodation function, with a view to providing new ideas for the prevention, control and treatment of myopia.

Effect of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in M1 region combined with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on electroencephalogram θ frequency band amplitude of patients with neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo explore the efficacy of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in M1 region combined with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on electroencephalogram (EEG) θ frequency band amplitude of patients with neuropathic pain (NP) after spinal cord injury. MethodsFrom June, 2022 to June, 2023, 50 NP patients after SCI in Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital were included and divided into M1 region stimulation group (n = 25) and M1 region combined with DLPFC stimulation group (the combined stimulation group, n = 25). M1 region stimulation group received 10 Hz rTMS in the left M1 region, while the combined stimulation group received same stimulation in left M1 region combined with DLPFC, for three weeks. Before and after intervention, the pain was assessed with Short Form of McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), the depression and anxiety status were evaluated using Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and the EEG θ frequency band amplitude was recorded to detect the changes of brain electrophysiological activity. ResultsFour cases in M1 region stimulation group, and two cases in the combined stimulation group were dropped. After intervention, the total score of SF-MPQ and the scores of the subscales, the scores of HMMD and HAMA decreased in both groups (|t| > 2.523, P < 0.05). The EEG θ frequency band amplitude significantly reduced in the prefrontal and frontal regions in M1 region stimulation group (|t| > 5.243, P < 0.001), and it also significantly reduced in the prefrontal, frontal regions, central and parietal regions in the combined stimulation group (|t| > 4.630, P < 0.001). All the scores were lower (|t| > 2.270, Z = -1.973, P < 0.05), and the EEG θ frequency band amplitude in the prefrontal, frontal regions, central and parietal regions were lower (P < 0.05) in the combined stimulation group than in M1 region stimulation group. ConclusionHigh frequency rTMS is an effective analgesic method on NP after SCI, which can improve their depression and anxiety symptoms and reduce the EEG θ frequency band amplitude. Compared with M1 region rTMS stimulation, the combination of M1 region and DLPFC rTMS is more effective.

Glenosphere Size Does Not Matter in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty / O tamanho da glenosfera não importa na artroplastia total reversa de ombro

Abstract Objective There are few studies to date reporting on outcomes following reverse total shoulder arthroplasty with cohorts stratified by glenosphere size. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role that glenosphere size has on postoperative outcomes. Methods Patients who underwent reverse TSA between 1987 with minimum of 2.0 years of follow-up were included. Patients were stratified into two cohorts based on glenosphere size of 36mm or 40mm. Patients' range of motion, patient-reported outcomes, and radiographic variables (glenoid preoperative morphology, scapular notching, humeral loosening) were evaluated. Results All measurements of range of motion measurements with the exception of internal rotation saw significant preoperative to postoperative improvements within each cohort. There were no significant differences in postoperative range of motion, ASES, or VAS pain scores across the two cohorts. Overall, forward elevation improved to 134° ± 16° in the 36mm cohort and 133° ± 14° in the 40mm cohort (p = 0.47). External rotation improved to 37° ± 13° for 36mm patients and 35° ± 19° for 40mm patients (p = 0.58). In the 36mm group, internal rotation increased by 1.3 vertebral levels and 2.3 vertebral levels in the 40mm cohort. At final follow-up, the 36mm cohort had a VAS score of 2 ± 2, ASES score of 66 ± 19, and SST score of 6 ± 3. Similarly, the 40mm cohort had a VAS score of 2 ± 3, ASES score of 77 ± 28, and SST score of 9 ± 3. Conclusions Reverse TSA provides sustained improvements in range of motion and shoulder function irrespective of glenosphere size. Level of Evidence III.

Resumo Objetivo Até agora, poucos estudos relataram os desfechos da artroplastia total reversa (ATR) de ombro com coortes estratificadas pelo tamanho da glenosfera. O objetivo deste estudo é investigar o papel do tamanho da glenosfera nos desfechos pós-operatórios. Métodos O estudo incluiu pacientes submetidos à ATR de ombro desde 1987 com acompanhamento mínimo de 2,0 anos. Os pacientes foram estratificados em duas coortes com base no tamanho da glenosfera (36 mm ou 40 mm). A amplitude de movimento, os desfechos relatados pelo paciente e as variáveis radiográficas (morfologia pré-operatória da glenoide, incisura escapular e instabilidade do úmero) foram avaliados. Resultados Todas as medidas de amplitude de movimento, à exceção da rotação interna, melhoraram de forma significativa entre o período pré-operatório e pós-operatório nas duas coortes. Não houve diferenças significativas na amplitude de movimento pós-operatória, pontuação da American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Standardized Shoulder Assessment Form (ASES) ou escala visual analógica (EVA) de dor entre as duas coortes. De modo geral, a elevação anterior melhorou para 134° ± 16° na coorte de 36 mm e 133° ± 14° na coorte de 40 mm (p = 0,47). A rotação externa melhorou para 37° ± 13° em pacientes da coorte de 36 mm e 35° ± 19° em pacientes da coorte de 40 mm (p = 0,58). A rotação interna aumentou 1,3 níveis vertebrais na coorte de 36 mm e 2,3 níveis vertebrais na coorte de 40 mm. No último acompanhamento, a coorte de 36 mm apresentou EVA de 2 ± 2, ASES de 66 ± 19 e pontuação do Simple Shoulder Test (SST) de 6 ± 3. Da mesma forma, a coorte de 40 mm teve EVA de 2 ± 3, ASES de 77 ± 28 e SST de 9 ± 3. Conclusões A ATR de ombro causa melhoras sustentadas da amplitude de movimento e função articular independentemente do tamanho da glenosfera. Nível de Evidência III.

Strategies types on precedent vertical jump stretching / Estrategias sobre los tipos de estiramientos que preceden al salto vertical / Estratégias sobre os tipos de alongamentos que precedem o salto vertical

ABSTRACT Study design: identify a better strategy for static stretching (SS), dynamic stretching (DS), and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) concerning the performance of their applications in countermovement vertical jump (CVJ). A systematic literature review was conducted in May and June 2021 in the Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, SPORTDiscus, and Embase databases. The PRISMA-2020 checklist was used. The Cochrane handbook scale and the Downs and Black scale were used for risk of bias analysis. Seventeen studies were included for qualitative analysis. Motor Unit recruitment and its stimulation frequency favor neural factors and muscle strength performance during contraction. Detailed investigations are necessary on the neural factors that modify the reflex responses and motor control, considering the biological characteristics and plastic deformations. The SS is a negative predictor of vertical jump (VJ) performance. The improvements are reduced when the stretching time is longer than 60 seconds, and when associated with PNF, did not reveal significant results. Using the SS before the DS in short periods of 20 seconds and no more than 60 seconds in the pre-activity to the VJ is suggested. In short stretches, the ROM increased both in the knee and the hip, and the hamstring muscles, when in tension, are unfavorable in sports that frequently use the VJ. Therefore, PNF using the technique that involves a process of contracting and relaxing must be investigated in an isolated and specific way, advocating the antagonist group. Thus, decreasing antagonist strength may be favorable for height gain, although contemporary studies are needed to minimize lower stability and muscle control predictors. Level of Evidence II; Systematic Review Study.

RESUMEN Diseño del estudio: identificar una mejor estrategia de estiramiento estático (EE), estiramiento dinámico (ED) y facilitación neuromuscular propioceptiva (FNP) en relación con el rendimiento de sus aplicaciones en salto vertical con contramovimiento (SCM). Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en mayo y junio de 2021, en las bases de datos Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, SPORTDiscus y Embase. Se utilizó la checklist PRISMA-2020. Para el análisis del riesgo de sesgo se utilizaron la Cochrane handbook y la escala de Downs y Black. Se incluyeron 17 estudios para el análisis cualitativo. El reclutamiento de Unidad Motora y su frecuencia de estimulación favorece los factores neurales y el desempeño de la fuerza muscular durante la contracción. Son necesarias investigaciones detalladas sobre los factores neurales que modifican las respuestas reflejas y el control motor considerando las características biológicas y las deformaciones plásticas. El EE es un predictor negativo para el rendimiento de la salto vertical (SV) y las mejoras se reducen cuando el tiempo de estiramiento es mayor a 60 segundos, y cuando se asocia con FNP no revela resultados significativos. Se sugiere utilizar el EE antes del ED en periodos cortos de 20 segundos y no más de 60 segundos en la preactividad al SV. En tramos cortos, la gama de movimientos se incrementó tanto en la rodilla como en la cadera, y los músculos isquiotibiales, cuando están en tensión, son desfavorables en deportes que utilizan frecuentemente el SV. Por tanto, la FNP mediante la técnica que implica un proceso de contracción y relajación debe investigarse de forma aislada y específica, preconizando el grupo antagonista. Por lo tanto, la disminución de la fuerza del antagonista puede ser favorable para la ganancia de altura, aunque se necesitan estudios contemporáneos para minimizar los predictores de menor estabilidad y/o control muscular. Nível de Evidencia II; Estudio de Revisión Sistematica.

RESUMO Design do estudo: identificar uma melhor estratégia de alongamento estático (AE), Alongamento dinâmico (AD) e facilitação neuromuscular proprioceptiva (FNP) em relação ao rendimento de suas aplicações no salto vertical contramovimento (SCM). Desenvolveu-se uma revisão sistemática da Literatura nos meses de maio e junho de 2021, nas bases de dados Pubmed/MEDLINE, Scopus, LILACS, SPORTDiscus e Embase. Utilizou-se o checklist PRISMA-2020. Para análise de risco de viés utilizou-se a escala do Cochrane handbook e a escala de Downs and Black. 17 estudos foram incluídos para análise qualitativa. O recrutamento da Unidade Motora e a sua frequência de estimulações favorecem os fatores neurais e o desempenho da força muscular durante a contração. Investigações circunstanciadas são necessárias sobre os fatores neurais que modificam as respostas reflexas e controle motor considerando as características biológicas e deformações plásticas. O AE é um preditor negativo para o desempenho do salto vertical (SV) e, as melhorias são reduzidas quando o tempo de alongamento é superior a 60 segundos, e quando associado a FNP não revelou resultados significativos. Sugere-se a utilização do AE antes do AD em períodos curtos de 20 segundos e não mais que 60 segundos na pré-atividade ao SV. Nos alongamentos curtos a gama de movimentos aumentou tanto no joelho quanto no quadril e, a musculatura isquiotibial, quando em tensão, é desfavorável em esportes que utilizam frequentemente o SV. Portanto, a FNP com a utilização da técnica que envolve um processo de contrair e relaxar deve ser investigada de forma isolada e específica preconizando o grupo antagonista. Desta forma, diminuir a força do antagonista pode ser favorável para o ganho de altura, embora estudos atualizados sejam necessários para minimizar os preditores de menor estabilidade e/ou controle muscular. Nível de evidência II; Estudo de Revisão Sistemática.

Trophic ecology of Acestrorhynchus falcirostris Cuvier, 1819 in island lakes on the lower stretch of the Solimões River, Amazon Basin

Abstract The aim objective of this study was to determine the trophic ecology of juvenile and adult Acestrorhynchus falcirostris during the rising and flood (high-water) period in six island lakes adjacent to the Solimões River. As such, we investigated: i) the trophic position, through the fractional trophic niche; ii) the niche breadth; iii) niche overlap and iv) the food strategy of the species. The specimens were collected during the years 2014 to 2017, using gillnets with mesh sizes ranging from 30 to 120mm between opposite knots. Through the analysis of stomach contents, the preference in the consumption of items of animal origin was observed. Juveniles consumed insects in greater proportions (IAi% = 50%), while adults consumed fish (IAi%=99,98%). Despite the large supply of food items available in the high-water period, juveniles were the only ones to consume items of allochthonous origin, such as insects. Juveniles presented a different dietary strategy and dietary composition to adults. Juveniles were omnivores with a generalist strategy, while adults were piscivores with a specialist strategy. Thus, the food composition, niche breadth, trophic position and feeding strategy of Acestrorhynchus falcirostris change due to the stage of development.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a ecologia trófica de juvenis e adultos de Acestrorhynchus falcirostris durante o período de enchente e cheia em seis lagos de ilha adjacentes ao rio Solimões. Assim, investigamos: i) a posição trófica, através do nicho trófico fracional; ii) a largura de nicho; iii) sobreposição de nicho; iv) a estratégia alimentar. Os espécimes foram coletados durante os anos de 2014 a 2017, utilizando redes de emalhar com malha variando de 30 a 120mm entre nós opostos. Por meio da análise do conteúdo estomacal, observamos a preferência no consumo de itens de origem animal. Os juvenis consumiram insetos em maiores proporções (IAi% = 50%), enquanto os adultos consumiram preferencialmente peixes (IAi% = 99,98%). Apesar da grande oferta de alimentos disponíveis no período da cheia, os juvenis eram os únicos a consumir itens de origem alóctone, como por exemplo, os insetos. Os juvenis apresentaram uma estratégia alimentar e composição alimentar diferente para os adultos. Os juvenis foram considerados onívoros com uma estratégia generalista, enquanto os adultos foram considerados piscívoros com uma estratégia alimentar mais especialista. Assim, a composição alimentar, amplitude do nicho, posição trófica e a estratégia alimentar de Acestrorhynchus falcirostris muda em função do estágio de desenvolvimento.

Trophic ecology of Acestrorhynchus falcirostris Cuvier, 1819 in island lakes on the lower stretch of the Solimões River, Amazon Basin / Ecologia trófica de Acestrorhynchus falcirostris Cuvier, 1819 em lagos de ilha no trecho inferior do Rio Solimões, Bacia Amazônica

Abstract The aim objective of this study was to determine the trophic ecology of juvenile and adult Acestrorhynchus falcirostris during the rising and flood (high-water) period in six island lakes adjacent to the Solimões River. As such, we investigated: i) the trophic position, through the fractional trophic niche; ii) the niche breadth; iii) niche overlap and iv) the food strategy of the species. The specimens were collected during the years 2014 to 2017, using gillnets with mesh sizes ranging from 30 to 120mm between opposite knots. Through the analysis of stomach contents, the preference in the consumption of items of animal origin was observed. Juveniles consumed insects in greater proportions (IAi% = 50%), while adults consumed fish (IAi%=99,98%). Despite the large supply of food items available in the high-water period, juveniles were the only ones to consume items of allochthonous origin, such as insects. Juveniles presented a different dietary strategy and dietary composition to adults. Juveniles were omnivores with a generalist strategy, while adults were piscivores with a specialist strategy. Thus, the food composition, niche breadth, trophic position and feeding strategy of Acestrorhynchus falcirostris change due to the stage of development.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a ecologia trófica de juvenis e adultos de Acestrorhynchus falcirostris durante o período de enchente e cheia em seis lagos de ilha adjacentes ao rio Solimões. Assim, investigamos: i) a posição trófica, através do nicho trófico fracional; ii) a largura de nicho; iii) sobreposição de nicho; iv) a estratégia alimentar. Os espécimes foram coletados durante os anos de 2014 a 2017, utilizando redes de emalhar com malha variando de 30 a 120mm entre nós opostos. Por meio da análise do conteúdo estomacal, observamos a preferência no consumo de itens de origem animal. Os juvenis consumiram insetos em maiores proporções (IAi% = 50%), enquanto os adultos consumiram preferencialmente peixes (IAi% = 99,98%). Apesar da grande oferta de alimentos disponíveis no período da cheia, os juvenis eram os únicos a consumir itens de origem alóctone, como por exemplo, os insetos. Os juvenis apresentaram uma estratégia alimentar e composição alimentar diferente para os adultos. Os juvenis foram considerados onívoros com uma estratégia generalista, enquanto os adultos foram considerados piscívoros com uma estratégia alimentar mais especialista. Assim, a composição alimentar, amplitude do nicho, posição trófica e a estratégia alimentar de Acestrorhynchus falcirostris muda em função do estágio de desenvolvimento.

Uso de dispositivos móviles y alteraciones cervicales en estudiantes universitarios / Use of mobile devices and cervical disorders in university students / Uso de dispositivos móveis e distúrbios cervicais em estudantes universitários

Las alteraciones cervicales son un problema multifactorial que afecta a la sociedad moderna. Posturas viciosas, traumatismos y defectos congénitos relacionados con la columna cervical pueden desarrollar inestabilidad, pinzamiento radicular, cervicoartrosis y cervicalgias. Objetivo. Relacionar el uso de dispositivos móviles con las alteraciones cervicales en estudiantes universitarios. Materiales y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, observacional, que se realizó entre los meses de mayo y julio del 2023, cuya muestra fue de 172 estudiantes universitarios que se obtuvo aplicando la fórmula para el cálculo muestral de poblaciones conocidas, mediante un muestreo no probabilístico. Se utilizó el test goniométrico para medir el rango articular, el test postural para identificar las alteraciones posturales, la técnica de palpación para identificar dolor inespecífico, prueba de resistencia para los músculos flexores (NFMET) y extensores (NEET), por último, se realizó la prueba de Spurling para identificar casos de radiculopatías. Resultados. Aunque las relaciones estadísticas no fueron consistentes, se observó que quienes utilizaron más tiempo los teléfonos celulares (87,0%) mostraron más limitaciones cervicales que los usuarios menos frecuentes (73,5%). La movilidad articular fue limitada en el 84,3% de la población, especialmente en varones (93,5%); la resistencia muscular normal en extensión fue más prevalente en el caso de los hombres (84,9%), mientras que la resistencia alterada en flexión fue más prevalente en mujeres (94,9%). Conclusiones. Según los resultados obtenidos en esta investigación, no se encontró suficiente evidencia para determinar una relación estadísticamente significativa (P˃0,05) entre las alteraciones cervicales y el uso de teléfonos celulares, aunque se observó una mayor limitación en el caso de quienes más tiempo utilizaban el dispositivo móvil.

Cervical disorders are a multifactorial problem affecting modern society. Vicious postures, trauma and congenital defects related to the cervical spine can develop instability, radicular impingement, cervicoarthrosis and cervicalgia. Objective. To relate the use of mobile devices with cervical disorders in university students. Materials and methods. Descriptive, observational study carried out between May and July 2023, with a sample of 172 university students obtained by applying the formula for the sample calculation of known populations, by means of non-probabilistic sampling. The goniometric test was used to measure joint range, the postural test to identify postural alterations, the palpation technique to identify non-specific pain, resistance test for flexor (NFMET) and extensor (NEET) muscles, and finally, the Spurling test was performed to identify cases of radiculopathy. Results. Although the statistical relationships were not consistent, it was observed that those who used cell phones longer (87.0%) showed more cervical limitations than less frequent users (73.5%). Joint mobility was limited in 84.3% of the population, especially in men (93.5%); normal muscular endurance in extension was more prevalent in men (84.9%), while impaired endurance in flexion was more prevalent in women (94.9%). Conclusions. According to the results obtained in this investigation, there was not enough evidence to determine a statistically significant relationship (P˃0.05) between cervical alterations and cell phone use, although a greater limitation was observed in the case of those who used the mobile device the longest.

Os distúrbios cervicais são um problema multifatorial que afeta a sociedade moderna. Posturas viciosas, traumas e defeitos congênitos relacionados à coluna cervical podem levar a instabilidade, impacto radicular, cervicoartrose e cervicalgia. Objetivo. Relacionar o uso de dispositivos móveis com distúrbios cervicais em estudantes universitários. Materiais e métodos. Estudo descritivo, observacional, realizado entre maio e julho de 2023, com uma amostra de 172 estudantes universitários obtida pela aplicação da fórmula para o cálculo de amostras de populações conhecidas, por meio de amostragem não probabilística. Foram utilizados o teste goniométrico para medir a amplitude articular, o teste postural para identificar alterações posturais, a técnica de palpação para identificar dores inespecíficas, o teste de resistência para músculos flexores (NFMET) e extensores (NEET) e o teste de Spurling para identificar casos de radiculopatia. Resultados. Embora as relações estatísticas não tenham sido consistentes, observou-se que aqueles que usavam telefones celulares por mais tempo (87,0%) apresentavam mais limitações cervicais do que os usuários menos frequentes (73,5%). A mobilidade articular foi limitada em 84,3% da população, especialmente no sexo masculino (93,5%); a resistência muscular normal em extensão foi mais prevalente no sexo masculino (84,9%), enquanto a resistência prejudicada em flexão foi mais prevalente no sexo feminino (94,9%). Conclusões. De acordo com os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa, não houve evidências suficientes para determinar uma relação estatisticamente significativa (P˃0,05) entre os distúrbios cervicais e o uso de telefones celulares, embora tenha sido observada uma limitação maior no caso daqueles que usaram o dispositivo móvel por períodos mais longos.

Risk Factors for Symptomatic Cyclops Lesion Formation after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / Fatores de risco para formação de lesão cyclops sintomática após a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior

Abstract Objective To evaluate the incidence of symptomatic cyclops lesions requiring surgical treatment after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to establish possible intraoperative risk factors related to it. Methods Three hundred and eighty-nine patients aged between 18 and 50 years who underwent primary ACL reconstruction were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of symptomatic cyclops lesions, and their characteristics were compared. Patients with associated lesions that required additional surgical procedures (except anterolateral extra-articular procedures) were not included. The rate of symptomatic cyclops lesions was recorded and the following parameters were evaluated: age, gender, time from injury to surgery, graft type and diameter, femoral tunnel perforation technique, fixation type, presence of knee hyperextension, preservation of the ACL remnant, associated anterolateral extra-articular procedure, associated meniscal injury and participation in sports. Results 389 patients were evaluated and 26 (6.7%) patients developed cyclops. The patients with and without cyclops lesions did not differ in age, time from injury to surgery, graft type or diameter, surgical technique, femoral fixation method, presence of knee hyperextension, remnant preservation and associated meniscal injury. The group with cyclops lesion had a higher proportion of females (10 (38.4%) vs 68 (18.7%); OR = 2.7; p= 0.015), higher proportion of extra-articular reconstruction (18 (11.8%) vs 8 (3.4%); OR = 3.8; p= 0.001) and higher proportion of sports practice (23 (8.6%) vs 3 (2.5%); OR = 3.6; p= 0.026). Conclusion In our series, 6.7% of the patients required arthroscopic removal of cyclops lesions. Female gender, associated extra-articular reconstruction and sports practice were factors related to this lesion. Remnant preservation had no relationship with cyclops lesion formation.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar a incidência de lesões cyclops sintomáticas que precisam de tratamento cirúrgico após a reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) e estabelecer os possíveis fatores de risco intraoperatórios relacionados a elas. Métodos Trezentos e oitenta e nove pacientes com idades entre 18 e 50 anos submetidos à reconstrução primária do LCA foram avaliados de forma retrospectiva. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupos de acordo com a presença ou ausência de lesões cyclops sintomáticas e suas características foram comparadas. Não foram incluídos pacientes com lesões associadas que necessitassem de outros procedimentos cirúrgicos (à exceção de procedimentos extra-articulares ântero-laterais). A taxa de lesões cyclops sintomáticas foi registrada e os seguintes parâmetros foram avaliados: idade, sexo, tempo da lesão à cirurgia, tipo e diâmetro do enxerto, técnica de perfuração do túnel femoral, tipo de fixação, presença de hiperextensão do joelho, preservação do LCA remanescente, associação a procedimento extra-articular ântero-lateral, lesão de menisco associada e participação em esportes. Resultados Dos 389 pacientes avaliados, 26 (6,7%) desenvolveram lesão cyclops. Os pacientes com e sem lesão cyclops não diferiram quanto à idade, tempo da lesão à cirurgia, tipo ou diâmetro do enxerto, técnica cirúrgica, método de fixação femoral, presença de hiperextensão do joelho, preservação do LCA remanescente e lesão de menisco associada. O grupo com lesão cyclops apresentou mais mulheres (10 [38,4%] vs. 68 [18,7%]; razão de probabilidades [OR] = 2,7; p= 0,015), maior proporção de reconstrução extra-articular (18 [11,8%] vs. 8 [3,4 %]; OR = 3,8; p= 0,001) e maior proporção de prática esportiva (23 [8,6%] vs. 3 [2,5%]; OR = 3,6; p= 0,026). Conclusão Em nossa série, 6,7% dos pacientes necessitaram de remoção artroscópica das lesões cyclops. O sexo feminino, a reconstrução extra-articular associada e a prática esportiva foram fatores relacionados a essa lesão. A preservação do menisco remanescente não foi associada à formação de lesões cyclops.

Eficacia de la técnica sostener relajar en comparación con el estiramiento dinámico sobre la flexibilidad de los isquiotibiales / Efficacy of the hold-relax technique compared to dynamic stretching on hamstring flexibility / Eficácia da técnica segurar-relaxar comparada ao alongamento dinâmico na flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais

Objetivo: el estiramiento muscular se aplica con el propósito de aumentar el arco de movimiento. Para este propósito se usan diferentes técnicas, entre ellas: la facilitación neuromuscular propioceptiva (FNP) y el estiramiento dinámico, pero aún no se conoce cuál de ellas es más efectiva. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estimar la eficacia de la técnica sostener relajar en comparación con el estiramiento dinámico sobre la flexibilidad de los isquiotibiales en adultos jóvenes sanos. Metodología: ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado, con enmascaramiento de dos brazos. En el estudio participaron un total de 32 voluntarios adultos jóvenes con edades entre los 18 y 30 años y fueron aleatorizados a dos grupos de intervención FNP (n = 16), dinámico (n = 16). La flexibilidad de la articulación de la rodilla se evaluó mediante el ángulo poplíteo a través de la goniometría. Resultados: los resultados de las medias edad, peso, talla e índice masa corporal son equivalentes, lo que indica grupos comparables entre sí. No se hallaron diferencias entre los grupos de estiramiento en los promedios ajustados -2.09 (IC95% -7.05 a 2.87). Conclusiones: tanto la técnica dinámica como la FNP aumentaron el arco de movimiento de rodilla, ambas técnicas de estiramiento mostraron diferencias con la línea de base. No se encontraron diferencias entre los grupos de estiramiento.

Objective: Muscle stretching is applied with the purpose of increasing range of motion. Different techniques are used for this purpose, including proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) and dynamic stretching, but it is still unclear which one is more effective. The objective of this research was to estimate the efficacy of the hold-relax technique compared to dynamic stretching on hamstring flexibility in healthy young adults. Methodology: Randomized controlled trial with blinding, consisting of two intervention arms. The study included a total of 32 young adult volunteers aged 18 to 30 years, who were randomized into two intervention groups: PNF (n = 16) and dynamic stretching (n = 16). Knee joint flexibility was assessed using the popliteal angle measured with a goniometer. Results: The mean age, weight, height, and body mass index were found to be equivalent, indicating comparable groups. No significant differences were found between the stretching groups in the adjusted means, with a mean difference of -2.09 (95 % CI -7.05 to 2.87). Conclusions: Both dynamic stretching and PNF demonstrated an increase in knee range of motion, with both stretching techniques showing differences from the baseline. No significant differences were found between the stretching groups.

Finalidade: O alongamento muscular é aplicado com a finalidade de aumentar a ampli-tude de movimento. Para tanto, diversas técnicas são utilizadas, dentre elas: facilitação neuromuscular proprioceptiva (FNP) e alongamento dinâmico, mas ainda não se sabe qual delas é mais eficaz. O objetivo desta investigação foi estimar a eficáciada técnica segurar-relaxar em comparação com o alongamento dinâmico na flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais em adultos jovens saudáveis. Metodologia: Ensaio clínico randomizado, cego, controlado por dois braços. Um total de 32 voluntários adultos jovens com idades entre 18 e 30 anos participaram do estudo e foram randomizados para dois grupos de intervenção FNP (n = 16), dinâmico (n = 16). A flexibilidade da articulação do joelho foi avaliada por meio do ângulo poplíteo por goniometria. Resultados: os resultados das médias de idade, peso, altura e índice de massa corporal são equivalentes, o que indica grupos comparáveis entre si. Não foram encontradas dife-renças entre os grupos de alongamento nas médias ajustadas - 2,09 (IC 95 % -7,05 a 2,87). Conclusões: tanto a técnica dinâmica quanto o PNF aumentaram a amplitude de mo-vimento do joelho, ambas as técnicas de alongamento apresentaram diferenças com a linha de base. Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos de alongamento.

Sural nerve conduction: Amplitude and distal latency of sensory nerve action potential

Background: The sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) is an important factor in the electro diagnostic evaluation of a patient with suspected peripheral neuropathy. Sural nerve is the most frequently studied nerve in the electrophysiology. For proper diagnosis sural sensory conduction abnormalities, a reference data are required for each electrophysiology laboratory. Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to find out normative reference data of amplitude and distal latency (DL) of sural SNAP for Northern Kerala population. Materials and Methods: The study was designed as cross-sectional and observational study and analysis of values was done using SPSS version 16. A total of 250 healthy subjects of age 15–50 from Northern Kerala participated in the study which included equal number of males and females. Results: Normative reference data for sensory amplitude and DL were derived in the present study. Sensory amplitude was more and DL was found to be less in female population, indicating faster nerve conduction in female. Conclusion: The reference data derived here can be utilized to detect any abnormality sural nerve sensory conduction. The gender effect on sural nerve sensory conduction parameters can be attributed to the height difference, as nerve conduction velocity is inversely proportional to height.

Impaired flexibility in patients with tropical spastic paraparesis/HTLV-associated myelopathy: evaluation via pendulum fleximeter / Flexibilidade prejudicada em pacientes com paraparesia espástica tropical/mielopatia associada ao HTLV: avaliação via flexímetro pendular

Abstract Background Flexibility is crucial to the harmonious execution of joint movements. While skeletal muscle dysfunction in patients with HTLV-1 can interfere with mobility, it is unclear whether these patients experience reduced flexibility. Objective To evaluate the differences in flexibility between HTLV-1-infected individuals with and without myelopathy compared with uninfected controls. We also investigated whether age, sex, body mass index (BMI), physical activity level, or lower back pain influence flexibility in HTLV-1-infected individuals. Methods The sample consisted of 56 adults, of which 15 did not have HTLV-1, 15 had HTLV-1 without myelopathy, and 26 had TSP/HAM. Their flexibility was assessed using the sit-and-reach test and a pendulum fleximeter. Results No differences in flexibility were observed between the groups with and without myelopathy and controls without HTLV-1 infection using the sit-and-reach test. The pendulum fleximeter results of individuals with TSP/HAM presented the lowest flexibility among the groups with respect to trunk flexion, hip flexion and extension, knee flexion, and ankle dorsiflexion, even after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, level of physical activity, and lower back pain using multiple linear regression models. Additionally, HTLV-1-infected individuals without myelopathy demonstrated reduced flexibility in movements: knee flexion, dorsiflexion, and ankle plantar flexion. Conclusions Individuals with TSP/HAM demonstrated reduced flexibility in most of the movements evaluated by the pendulum fleximeter. Additionally, HTLV-1-infected individuals without myelopathy demonstrated reduced knee and ankle flexibility, potentially representing a marker of myelopathic development.

Resumo Antecedentes A flexibilidade é fundamental para a execução harmoniosa dos movimentos articulares. Embora a disfunção do músculo esquelético em pacientes com HTLV-1 possa interferir na mobilidade, não está claro se esses pacientes apresentam flexibilidade reduzida. Objetivo Avaliar as diferenças de flexibilidade entre os indivíduos infectados com e sem mielopatia e o grupo controle sem infecção HTLV-1. Também investigamos se idade, sexo, índice de massa corporal (IMC), nível de atividade física ou dor lombar influenciam a flexibilidade em indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-1. Métodos A amostra foi composta por 56 adultos, dos quais 15 não possuíam HTLV-1, 15 possuíam HTLV-1 sem mielopatia e 26 possuíam TSP/HAM. A flexibilidade foi avaliada por meio do teste de sentar e alcançar e do flexímetro de pêndulo. Resultados Não foram observadas diferenças na flexibilidade entre os grupos com e sem mielopatia no teste de sentar e alcançar. Os resultados do flexímetro pendular dos indivíduos com TSP/HAM apresentaram a menor flexibilidade entre os grupos em relação à flexão do tronco, flexão e extensão do quadril, flexão do joelho e dorsiflexão do tornozelo, mesmo após ajuste para idade, sexo, IMC, nível de atividade física e dor lombar usando modelos de regressão múltipla linear. Além disso, os indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-1 sem mielopatia demonstraram redução da flexibilidade nos movimentos de flexão do joelho, dorsiflexão e flexão plantar do tornozelo. Conclusão Indivíduos com TSP/HAM demonstraram redução da flexibilidade na maioria dos movimentos avaliados pelo flexímetro pendular. Além disso, indivíduos infectados pelo HTLV-1 sem mielopatia demonstraram redução da flexibilidade do joelho e tornozelo, representando potencialmente um marcador de desenvolvimento mielopático.

Evaluation of Muscle Fatigue in Spinal Surgery Instruments Based on sEMG-JASA / 中国医疗器械杂志

Based on the joint analysis of EMG spectrum and amplitude method (JASA), a study on muscle fatigue assessment of spinal surgical instruments based on surface EMG signals was carried out, and a comparative evaluation of the operating comfort before and after the optimization of spinal surgical instruments was completed. A total of 17 subjects were recruited to collect the surface EMG signals of their brachioradialis and biceps. Five surgical instruments before and after optimization were selected for data comparison, and the operating fatigue time proportion of each group of instruments under the same task was calculated based on the RMS and MF eigenvalues. The results showed that when completing the same operation task, the operation fatigue time of the surgical instruments before optimization was significantly higher than that after optimization (P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the fatigue status of brachioradialis and biceps when operating the same instrument (P>0.05). These results provide objective data and reference for the ergonomic design of surgical instruments and fatigue damage protection.

Amplitude of Low-frequency Sub-band in Resting State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction / 中国运动医学杂志

Objective To explore the difference of brain function remodeling in patients with differ-ent motor ability and record the brain function index of patients returning to exercise 2 years after an-terior cruciate ligament reconstruction(ACLR).Methods Patients undergoing ACLR in year 2017 and 2018(2 years after ACLR)were selected and randomly divided into a return-to-exercise(CP,n=7)group,a non-return-to-exercise(NP,n=7)group.Moreover,8 healthy counterparts of the CP group were chosen into a healthy control(HC)group.Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)was used to obtain the blood oxygen level dependent signals,and the amplitude of low-frequen-cy fluctuation(ALFF)was computed across the typical band(0.01～0.08 Hz),sub-band Slow-4(0.027～0.073 Hz)and Slow-5(0.01～0.027 Hz).Meanwhile,brain maps were obtained and two-sample t-tests were performed among different groups(P<0.005).Results In the typical frequency band,the average ALFF value was higher in the CP and HC groups than the NP group for the Cerebelum_Crus1,but lower in the CP group than the NP group for the Occipital_Mid,higher in the CP group than the HC group for the Putamen and higher in the NP group than the HC group for the Frontal_Mid_Orb.More-over,in the Slow-4 band,the ALEF level was lower in the CP group than the NP group for the Oc-cipital_Mid,higher in the CP group than the HC group for the Putamen,and higher in the NP group than the HC group for the Frontal_Mid_Orb and cerebellum_Crus2.However,in the Slow-5 band,the ALEF values were higher in the CP group than the NP group for the Occipital_Inf and Precen-tral,but lower for the caudate.In the same band,those values were higher in the CP group than in the HC group for the Cerebellum_Crus1,but lower in the NP group than the HC group for the Cere-bellum_Crus1 and Supp_Motor_Area,and higher in the NP group than the HC group for the Fron-tal_Mid_Orb.Conclusion The patients returning to exercise after ACLR have higher cerebellar remodel-ing and lower visual compensation than those not,and display higher basal ganglia and cerebellar nerve remodeling than healthy controls,suggesting that functional compensation occurs in the former pa-tients.Moreover,Slow-4,Slow-5 and other sub-bands can complement the classical frequency bands and are worthy of further study.

Event-related potential P300 and cognitive function in patients with chronic insomnia disorder / 中风与神经疾病杂志

@#Objective To investigate the difference in event-related potential P300 between the patients with chronic insomnia disorder and the health population. Methods P300 was collected and analyzed for 26 healthy volunteers and 26 patients with chronic insomnia disorder，and 20 electrode caps were worn according to the standard position of international 10~20 system for EEG scalp recording. The auditory Oddball model and MATLAB software were used for data analysis，and the amplitude and latency of P300 were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the healthy volunteers，the patients with chronic insomnia disorder had lower amplitudes of Fz，Cz，and Pz electrodes，with significant differences at Fz and Pz electrodes (P<0.05). There was an increase in latency without statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion There is a difference in P300 between healthy volunteers and patients with chronic insomnia disorder，which may be associated with the cognitive function of patients with chronic insomnia disorder.

Differences of resting-state percent amplitude of fluctuations among migraineurs without aura with different efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To explore the differences of resting-state spontaneous neural activity between migraine without aura (MwoA) patients with response or nonresponse to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and its correlation with migraine-related features.Methods:From February 2021 to April 2022, thirty MwoA patients with response to NSAIDs, 30 MwoA patients with nonresponse to NSAIDs, and 30 healthy controls were recruited in the Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.All subjects were scanned with a 3.0 T resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner.The percent amplitude of fluctuation (perAF) approach was used to calculate the differences of the resting state brain functional activities among the three groups (Bonferroni multiple comparison correction). SPSS 24.0 software and RESTplus software were used for statistical analysis.Analysis of variance was used for the perAF values of three groups.Correlation analysis was performed between perAF values of brain regions with significant differences and migraine-related features.Results:The brain areas showing significant differences of perAF among the three groups located in the left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)( x, y, z = -6, 9, -3), left middle frontal gyrus (MFG)( x, y, z =-39, 48, 9) and left middle temporal gyrus (MTG)( x, y, z = -57, -30, -15)(all P<0.05, Bonferroni correction). Compared with nonresponse group, the perAF in response group showed significant decreased in the left ACC, MFG and MTG.There was positive correlation between the perAF of left ACC and disease duration ( r=0.506, P=0.007). Compared with healthy controls, the perAF of nonresponse group showed increased in the left ACC, which was negatively correlated with frequency ( r=-0.414, P=0.032). Conclusion:The neural activity of prefrontal cortex and ACC may be the neuropathological basis underlying response to NSAIDs in MwoA treatment.Moreover, the ACC has certain correlations with migraine-related characteristics, which may serve as a potential neuroimaging biomarker to evaluate the efficacy of NSAIDs.