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Objective: To select the high altitude planting area for improving the quality of Angelica sinensis based on biomass, bioactive compounds accumulation and antioxidant capacity in rhizome. Methods: The experiments were conducted on dry weight (DW), bioactive compounds content and antioxidant capacity in two-year old rhizome of A. sinensis grown at different altitudes (2 100, 2 500, and 2 900 m), under controlling plants reproduced from the seeds of the same plant, the same levels of water and fertilizer in soil. Results: Higher altitude was adverse to rhizome biomass, however, the compounds content (DW and per plant basis) and antioxidant capacity were significantly promoted at higher altitude compared to lower altitude site; On a per plant basis, the content of ferulic acid, soluble sugar, phenolics and flavonoids in rhizome of un-bolted plants grown at 2 900 m respectively was 2.06, 1.13, 1.34 and 1.15 fold greater than that of 2 100 m; The antioxidant capacity also increased with higher altitude. Comprehensive analysis showed that total content of main bioactive compounds in rhizome of un-bolted plants increased with higher altitudes ranging from 2 100 to 2 900 m. Conclusion: Higher-altitude cultivation can significantly enhance bioactive compounds accumulation in rhizome. The biosynthesis and accumulation of bioactive compounds were regulated by low temperature and light. These findings will provide theoretical references for improving production and quality of rhizome as well as large-scale cultivation.
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Objective: To evaluate the transport property of water extract from Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (WEMOC) across Caco-2 monolayer model by bioactivity method and observe the influence on the activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in cell membrane. Methods: The validated Caco-2 cell monolayer model was used to observe the bidirection transportation of WEMOC; The amount of WEMOC in the receiver compartment, apparent permeability coefficient (P'app), and efflux ratio (ER) value could be determined according to the standard curve of total anti-oxidant capacity. The accumulation and efflux of rhodamine123 (Rh123), which is the substrate of P-gp, were determined to evaluate the influence of WEMOC on P-gp. Results: P'app(AP→BL) of WEMOC was around 1 × 10-5 cm/s, and positively related to concentration; ER was far less than 2; It had no impact on the accumulation and efflux of Rh123. Conclusion: The active ingredient groups of WEMOC with anti-oxidant activity can be well absorbed by passive diffusion down a concentration gradient. Neither is it the substrate of P-gp, nor does it have influence on P-gp activity. Our research establishes a novel method to evaluate the transport characteristics of WEMOC, which provides the pharmacokinetic basis for the clinical application of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex.
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COPD has widespread systemic manifestations. Inflammation plays important role in its pathophysiology. Aim of the present study was to compare markers of oxidative stress and inflammation between obese and non obese COPD patients. The levels of pro inflammatory cytokines CRP, IL6 and TNF α were compared between obese and non-obese subjects by applying student’s t test. Oxidative imbalance was assessed by analyzing MDA and FRAP assay in same subjects. Correlation of BMI with the above study parameters was analyzed using Pearson’s test. Results indicated that levels of CRP, IL6 and TNF α were elevated in obese group as compared to non-obese group (p<0.001). Total antioxidant capacity estimated by FRAP assay was lower (p=0.005) but the levels of oxidants estimated indirectly by MDA was higher (p=0.01) in obese COPD patients. In all COPD patients included in present study BMI correlated inversely with FRAP (r=-0.546, p=0.013), FVC (r=0.548, p=0.012) and FEV1 (r=-0.865, p<0.001). Similarly BMI correlated positively with markers of inflammation namely CRP(r=0.526, p=0.017), IL6(r=0.865, p<0.001), TNF α (r=0.653,p=0.002). Positive correlation of BMI was found with MDA(r=0.536, p=0.015). Conclusion: there is higher inflammation in obesity resulting in oxidant antioxidant imbalance and lung function decline.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate hydrophilic extracts from edible portions of fifteen plants for total phenolic content (TPC) and anti-oxidant capacity (AC) as an effort to find possible sources for future novel antioxidants.@*METHODS@#Folin-Ciocalteau and DPPH radical scavenging assays were employed to determine TPC and AC, respectively.@*RESULTS@#Among the assayed plants, TPC (mean±SD), expressed as gallic acid equivalent, varied from 0.04±0.01 (Amaranthus spinosus) to 6.01±0.04 (Zanthoxylum rhetsa) mg gallic acid equivalent/g fresh weight. AC (mean±SD), expressed as trolox equivalent, ranged from 0.14±0.00 (Alternanthera philoxeroides) to 7.54±0.00 (Zanthoxylum rhetsa) μmol trolox equivalent/g fresh weight. A significant and positive linear relationship (R(2)=0.99) was observed between TPC and AC of Zanthoxylum rhetsa, Oxalis corymbosa, and Alternanthera sessilis.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results of the present study implies that the analyzed plants possess varying degree of antioxidant capacity and, therefore, the antioxidant potency of these underused plants may be utilized to prevent oxidative damage and oxidative stress related disorders.
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Objective: To evaluate hydrophilic extracts from edible portions of fifteen plants for total phenolic content (TPC) and anti-oxidant capacity (AC) as an effort to find possible sources for future novel antioxidants. Methods: Folin-Ciocalteau and DPPH radical scavenging assays were employed to determine TPC and AC, respectively. Results: Among the assayed plants, TPC (mean±SD), expressed as gallic acid equivalent, varied from 0.04±0.01 (Amaranthus spinosus) to 6.01±0.04 (Zanthoxylum rhetsa) mg gallic acid equivalent/g fresh weight. AC (mean±SD), expressed as trolox equivalent, ranged from 0.14±0.00 (Alternanthera philoxeroides) to 7.54±0.00 (Zanthoxylum rhetsa) μmol trolox equivalent/g fresh weight. A significant and positive linear relationship (R