Clinical and pathological correlation in benign breast diseases in women

Background: Benign breast diseases are a common problem presenting in a day to day surgical practice. A combination of three tests i.e. clinical examination, radiological imaging and pathological examination is commonly used to accurately diagnose breast diseases. This study was aimed to know the clinico-pathological correlation in diagnosing benign breast diseases in women.Methods: A study of 30 female patients of benign breast disease was conducted by clinical examination and comparing its accuracy with the pathological findings.Results: The highest incidence of benign breast diseases was in the age group of 30-39 years (33.3%). The most common presenting symptom was lump (53.3%) in the breast. The most common quadrant involved was the upper outer quadrant (60%). Fibroadenoma (53.3%) was the most common lesion in this study. The clinical examination in cases of fibroadenoma had sensitivity and specificity of 87.5 % and 92.8% respectively. In cases of fibrocystic disease, clinical examination had sensitivity and specificity of 85.7 % and 91.3% respectively.Conclusions: Overall clinical breast examination had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 98% in this study. Hence, combination of all three diagnostic modalities i.e. clinical, radiological and pathological examination should be used. But in rural areas where radiological and pathological facilities are not available, clinical examination can also give us a fair amount of idea in diagnosing benign breast diseases.

Serum Lipid Profiles in Breast Carcinoma and Benign Breast Diseases in Rohilkhand Region of Uttar Pradesh.

Aim: The study was carried out with an aim to evaluate an association of serum lipid profile with breast carcinoma and benign breast disease. Methods: For this purpose, a case-control study was planned in which a total of 105 subjects were enrolled according to a purposive sampling design - A total of 35 (33.3%) patients in each group having breast carcinoma, benign breast disease, and healthy controls were included for assessment. Lipid levels were assessed. Data were analyzed. Results: Age of subjects enrolled in the study ranged from 16 to 58 years. The mean age of subjects in malignant, benign and control group was 45.71 ± 10.04, 24.91 ± 6.83 and 35.60 ± 12.42 years, respectively. The majority of malignant cases were in advanced stage (T3 and T4), together accounted for 94.29% of total malignant cases. The remaining 2 (5.7%) cases were in T2-stage. A total of 21 (60%) cases had metastasis too. Mean triglyceride (TG) levels of malignant cases were significantly higher as compared to that of benign and healthy controls. Mean serum high density lipoproteins levels were significantly higher in benign group as compared to healthy controls. Mean serum low density lipoproteins levels were maximum in healthy controls and minimum in benign breast disease group. Statistically, the difference between healthy controls and benign breast disease was also found to be significant. Conclusion: For different lipid components, the relationship with different types of breast lesions was found to be varying. In malignant cases, TG levels showed an increased trend. The possibility of these relationships being random cannot be ignored. A larger study on larger sample size is recommended.

Benign Breast Lesions in a Teaching Hospital in Rural Bihar.

Background: Breast diseases has captured attention of surgeons throughout the ages with its uncertain cause. Study of a pattern of benign breast diseases (BBDs) is a challenge due to variants in occurrence and presentation in different age groups and different geographical areas. The breast is a complex structure and any unnatural change affects the body and psyche of the person. Aim: The aim of this study was to observe age distribution, clinical signs, symptoms and pathology of benign breast lump and correlate them with pathological findings. Materials and Methods: A total of 124 cases of benign breast lump were included in this study. These cases were selected among patients visiting the outdoor clinic of Department of General Surgery in Katihar Medical College, Katihar, Bihar, India. The selected cases belonged to different etiology, age group and sex. Results: Maximum cases of benign breast tumors were observed in age group of 21-30 years (third decade). Fibroadenoma was the most common presentation. The majority of patients reported within 1 year of onset of disease. The painless lump was the most common mode of presentation. The right breast was involved in a more number of cases with maximum lesions noted in the upper outer quadrant. Conclusion: BBDs are common in female patients. Clinical, sonological, mammographical, and pathological studies need to be conducted in a systemic way to find answers of complexities posed by the confusing pattern of BBDs.

Analysis of curative effect and operation characteristics of benign breast disease mammotome minimally invasive / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the curative effect of mammotome minimally invasive operation in the treatment of benign breast disease and analyse its characteristics.Methods Two hundred and five cases of benign breast disease patients admitted to the hospital in time sequence were divided into the observation group (105 cases) and control group(100 cases).Observation group used mammotome minimally invasive rotary cutting operation,and the control group used conventional breast tumor resection.The surgical results of two groups of patients,tumor complete resection or not,whether the patients for surgery satisfaction were observed.Patients of two groups were compared with intraoperative and postoperative relevant indicators,and the postoperative complications.Results In the observation group,105 patients with mammotome spiral cutting knife surgery of breast masses were completely resected,the satisfaction of patients for surgery was 96.2％ (101/ 105),significantly higher than that of control group(81.0％ (81/100),x2 =4.187,P＜0.05).The operative time,blood loss,length of incision values of observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group((17.30±6.70) min vs (57.23 ± 8.96) min,(10.43 ± 5.14) ml vs (109.16 ± 13.45) ml,(10.27 ±0.06) cm vs (1.43±0.12) cm;t=18.741,26.167,11.421;P＜0.05),the postoperative recovery time and the scar length were significantly lower than the control group((4.1±2.5) d vs (8.0±3.5) d,(0.15±0.03) cm vs (1.21±0.46) cm;t =5.176,2.647;P＜0.05),breast deformation cases,tumor residual proporation were 1.9％(2/105) and 0(0/105),fewer than that in the control group(12.0％(12/100),9.0％(9/100);x2=6.721,11.470;P＜0.05).In control group breast deformation subcutaneous hematoma and ecchymosis,wound infection,skin damage,pain,pigment calm incidence were 2.9％ (3/105),5.7％ (6/105),1.9％ (2/105),2.9％(3/105),8.6％(9/105),2.9％(3/105),significantly lower than those in the observation group(9.0％(9/100),12.0(12/100),7.0％ (7/100),16.0％(16/100),23.0％(23/100),8.0％(8/100);x2 =2.164,3.071,2.467,6.194,6.177,2.642;P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Mammotome minimally invasive rotary cut scalpel compare with conventional breast tumor excision undoubtedly has a more significant curative effect and patient satisfaction and have the characteristics of operation safety,efficiency,beautiful,fewer complications,humanized.

Benign breast diseases: experience at a teaching hospital in rural India.

Background: Though benign breast diseases are very common with nearly 1/3 of women suffering some time during their life time, not many studies have focused on this entity, especially in rural areas. Our teaching hospital situated amongst the villages in rural part of India provided the right background for the study. Objective: To determine the frequency of benign breast diseases in a teaching hospital situated in the rural setting and to analyze the role of triple assessment in assessing benign breast diseases. Study design: Prospective, descriptive study. Setting: MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Hoskote, Bangalore Rural district, Karnataka, India. Method of study: Data including age, complaints, clinical examination, radiological investigations and histopathological diagnosis was collected from patients presenting to the department of surgery with breast complaints. Patients with carcinoma of the breast were excluded from the study. Results: A total of 110 patients were studied between November 2009 to March 2011. Mean age of patients was 28.6 years. Fibroadenoma was the most common diagnosis in 56.4% followed by fibroadenosis in 20.9%. There was one case each of lipoma, tuberculosis and duct ectasia and two cases of atypical ductal hyperplasia. The sensitivity of clinical diagnosis in our study was 91.1% and FNAC was 100% accurate in all patients with fibroadenoma but had a sensitivity of only 78% in the diagnosis of fibroadenosis. Only 3.3% of cases of fibroadenoma were treated conservatively.

Current status of benign breast diseases and metabolic syndrome in professional women in Chongqing and study on relative risk factors / 中华内分泌外科杂志

ObjectiveTo study current status of benign breast diseases and metabolic syndrome in professional women in Chongqing and relative risk factors. MethodsProfessional women (2604 cases )in Chongqing were surveyed by random cluster sampling.The biochemical indicators such as blood lipid were determined by cholesterin oxidase.The indicators such as height and weight were measured by physical examination.Chi-square test and logistic regression were used in statistical analysis. Results The morbidity rate of benign breast diseases, metabolic syndrome, hyperglycaemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity in our study was 19.27％ (429/2226), 7.91％ ( 176/2226 ), 8.04％ ( 179/2226 ), 23.23％ ( 517/2226 ), 24.21％ ( 539/2226 ) and 20.5％ (457/2226) respectively.The difference of mobidity rate between different age group and different career had statistical significance.Office workers and civil servants were high risk population.Age was negatively correlated with benign breast diseases.There was no relation between benign breast diseases and metabolic syndrome.ConculsionsThe morbidity rate of benign breast diseases and metabolic symdrome in professional women in Chongqing is relatively high.A good lifestyle, breast self-examination and regular physicial examination are recommended.

Plasma 25-Hydroxy Vitamin-D and Risk of Breast Cancer: A Case Control Study.

Objective: To evaluate the association between low serum levels of 25 (OH)2 D and the risk of breast cancer among the female population. Methods: A prospective case control study was done, which recruited female patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer, follow up cases of treated breast cancers, and recurrent or metastatic breast cancer (Group A). Another group of control volunteers, presenting with benign breast diseases, in the surgical clinics was incorporated (Group B). Serum vitamin D levels of both groups were compared. Results: 50 patients were included in each group. Age ranged 21-76 years with a mean of 47.6 years. The levels of vitamin D in Group A were significantly lower than those in Group B (Odd ratio 55.5); two-tailed p value <0.05. This signified a substantial difference of vitamin D levels between the patients with established breast cancer and those not suffering from breast cancer. Conclusion: There is significant relation between breast cancer disease and low levels of vitamin D. This finding testifies the hypothesis that low serum levels of vitamin D plays an important role in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.

A general perspective on breast disease and training system for breast cancer specialists in Europe / 대한산부인과학회지

Breast is a female reproductve organ and breast disease is closely related to female reproductive function. In recent years, becoming the most frequent cancer in female, breast cancer has emerged as a major health concern for Korean women. Obtaining basic knowledge about breast disease is crucial for the specialists dealing with female reproductive organs. In this article a brief overview over the management of breast cancer as well as benign breast disease will be presented. In addition, the current stauts of training system for breast cancer in Europe will be discussed. Examinations of the current practices in Europe will be able to guide the effort in Korea to incorporate breast diseae into the field of gynecology.

Treatment of Breast Fibroadenoma with Interstitial Laser Photocoagulation / 한국유방암학회지

PURPOSE: Hyperthermia treatments (Laser, Macrowave, Microwave, Electromagnetic force, and Ultrasonic heating system etc.) haves been used for the purpose tof destroying the focus part of tumors. Interstitial Laser Photocoagulation (ILP), originally attempted by Bown in 1983, experimentally makes use of Nd:YAG Laser in breast cancer. This study attempted to evaluate the effect of ILP for the fibroadenomas of the breast under the local anesthesia. METHODS: From the physical examination findings, breast ultrasonogram, mammogram and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of 74 unmarried women patients, diagnosed as having a fibroadenoma, which is a breast benign tumor, who took ILP treatment and could be followed up based on their medical records 62 were examined and analyzed. After checking the accurate positioning of the optical fiber in the tumor, through an ultrasonogram under the local anesthesia, the ILP treatment was conducted using a Diode Laser (Diomed(r) Ltd.). RESULTS: The average age of the patients was 23 years, and the mean sizes of the tumors were as 1.6 and 1.8 cm on physical examination and 1.8 cm on the ultrasonogram, respectively. There were significant decreases in the clinical and sonographic sizes following the treatment (P<0.05, P<0.01). From a comparison of the tumor sizes before and after the ILP treatment, the tumor reduction rates from the physical examination and ultrasonogram findings were 92 and 80%, respectively, when the size of the tumors was below 1 cm, and the disappearance rates were 92% and 80%, respectively, when the size of the tumors was below 1 cm. CONCLUSION: Interstitial laser photocoagulation is a safe, precise, minimally invasive, and cosmetic procedure for the in situ destruction of breast fibroadenomas.