Iron Profile in Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus in — A study in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: The most prevalent metabolic condi?on, type 2 diabetes mellitus, is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia caused by abnormali?es in insulin produc?on, insulin ac?on, or both. Iron, a transi?onal metal, has been demonstrated to play a key role in the pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, with a bidirec?onal link in which iron influences glucose metabolism, which in turn influences the iron metabolic pathways. The current study aimed to es?mate the iron profile in Type 2 diabetes mellitus cases. Methods: This cross-sec?onal study was done in the Department of Biochemistry, Prathima Ins?tute of Medical Sciences, Naganoor, Karimnagar. A total of n=100 cases of type II diabetes mellitus were included in the study and age and sex-matched healthy controls were also included in the study. Laboratory inves?ga?ons included Fas?ng Blood glucose, Serum ferri?n, Total iron-binding capacity, serum iron, and serum transferrin satura?on. Results: The fas?ng blood glucose was found to be significantly higher in the diabetes mellitus cases. The serum ferri?n mean values were 105.32 µgm/dl. In the controls, the range of ferri?n levels was 145 µgm/dl. The serum ferri?n levels were found to be significantly reduced in the study cases as compared to the controls. Similarly, the total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) of the cases was found to be significantly increased as compared to the controls. The serum transferrin levels were also found to be elevated in the study cases as compared to the controls. Conclusion: Iron is closely related to the development of diabetes mellitus. Elevated iron and ferri?n levels are risk factors for diabetes and can lead to a variety of problems. Conversely in chronic diabe?cs, there is a tendency to develop iron deficiency anemia and other nutri?onal deficiency anemias as observed by the results of the current study. As a result, iron profile evalua?on can be a valuable output of the expected inves?ga?ons on diabetes and related problems.

Evaluation of in vitro lipid-lowering properties of ‘Saba’ banana [Musa acuminata x balbisiana (BBB group) ‘Saba’] peel pectin from different extraction methods

@#Introduction: This study was conducted to investigate the in-vitro lipid-lowering properties of ‘Saba’ banana peel pectin (SBP) extracted using three methods for its possible use as a dietary fibre ingredient. Methods: Pectin from ‘Saba’ banana peels were extracted using acid extraction (citric acid), enzymatic extraction (cellulase), and microwave-assisted extraction. In-vitro lipid-lowering assays were performed using spectrophotometry for pancreatic lipase inhibition and cholesterol binding, while liquid chromatography was used for bile acid-binding capacity. Results: Results revealed that all SBPs were not able to inhibit pancreatic lipase activity. However, all SBPs can notably bind to cholesterol and bile acids, taurocholate, and glycocholate. Acid-extracted pectin had the highest binding capacity to cholesterol (51.36%–55.07%) and glycocholate (27.37%), whereas all SBPs were similarly bound to taurocholate. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that acidextracted SBPs can significantly bind to cholesterol and bile acids, glycocholate and taurocholate, thereby indicating a possible reduction in lipid metabolism.

A randomized controlled trial on lactoferrin versus ferrous sulphate for the treatment of mild to moderate iron deficiency anaemia in pregnancy

Background: One of the important factors associated with maternal and foetal complications during pregnancy is Anaemia. Various oral preparations of iron are available, and each has different bioavailability, efficacy and adverse effects. Lactoferrin is a naturally existing iron-binding multifunctional glycoprotein, and a member of a transferrin family, thus belonging to those proteins capable of binding and transferring iron. Lactoferrin has considerably less gastrointestinal side effects than ferrous sulfate and is very useful as well as promising alternative to ferrous sulphate.Methods: Prospective randomized controlled study. Total 100 females with 24 to 36 weeks of pregnancy with haemoglobin between 8 to 10 grams were included out of which 50 patients were given ferrous sulphate 200 mg BD and 50 patients were given lactoferrin 250 mg BD daily for 8 weeks. Various haematological parameters and the adverse effects of both the drugs were studied at registration, 4 weeks and 8 weeks and compared.Results: Thus, after this study authors can say that the rise in haemoglobin with lactoferrin was 1.58 g/dl while with ferrous sulphate it was 1.67 g/dl at 8 weeks. Adverse effects were much lesser in Group A taking lactoferrin compared to Group B.Conclusions: Thus, lactoferrin has the advantage over ferrous sulphate in having   less side effects and increasing the compliance and thus the efficacy of the drug compared to ferrous sulphate.

Comparative evaluation of iron profile in premenopausal obese women with women of normal body mass index

Background: Obesity has become a common problem worldwide due to changes in lifestyle and food habits. Obesity has been associated with many chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, gallstones etc. Excessive adipose tissue through release of adipokines maybe a risk factor for derangements in iron parameters. Authors aim is to study Serum Iron, TIBC, and Serum Ferritin levels in Obese women (BMI >25 kg/m2) in age group of 16 to 45 years and its comparison with normal BMI women.Methods: The case control study was conducted on 100 patients divided into two groups. Group A included 50 patients of obese women (BMI >25 kg/m2) in age group of 16 to 45 years. Group B consists of 50 control patients in similar age group with BMI of 18-23 kg/m2. Serum Iron, TIBC, and Serum Ferritin levels were measured in both groups and compared.Results: The study showed significant derangements of iron parameters in obese women.Serum Ferritin was significantly raised (p<0.001) in obese women whereas Serum Iron and TIBC were significantly decreased in obese women as compared to control group. No significant difference was seen in Serum Hemoglobin and MCV.Conclusions: Obesity is associated with derangements in iron parameters in women of reproductive age group similar to derangements seen in chronic inflammatory state.

Incidence of iron deficiency anaemia and it’s early detection in patients with hypoproliferative anaemia presentation in a tertiary care hospital

Background: Iron deficiency anaemia still remains the most common cause of anaemia not only in India but also world over. According to world heath report, there are 1,788,600 people in this world suffering from Iron deficiency anaemia. Iron deficiency anaemia is foremost prevalent disease-causing morbidity in world and therefore it is always absolutely necessary to detect this particular condition in early stages before the eventual development of various dreadful complications like Heart failure and Myocardial infarction. The aim of the study is to find incidence of iron deficiency anaemia in patients with hypo proliferative anaemia presentation, with a possible iron deficient state, by analyzing the haematological and biochemical parameters.Methods: The study was conducted from November 2017 to May 2018 for a period of 6 months which included 50 subjects from both sex groups, aged 20-80 years with the diagnosis of hypo proliferative anaemia.Results: The study results indicate that females (60%) were significantly overrepresented compared to males (40%). Of the 50 subjects 38% were in stage of negative iron balance (stage1) and 32% were in stage of iron deficient erythropoiesis(stage2) and 30% were in normal stage.Conclusions: This Observational study showed a majority of patients with hypo-proliferative anaemia presenting at early stages of negative iron balance and iron deficient erythropoiesis thereby indicating the importance of initiating iron therapy at an early stage even without correlative iron studies.

Utility of CD200 expression and CD20 antibody binding capacity in differentiating chronic lymphocytic leukemia from other chronic lymphoproliferative disorders

Background: Chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLPDs) are heterogeneous group of disorders with variable clinical presentations and outcomes. Therefore, accurate classification is crucial for treatment planning. At present, flow cytometry immunophenotyping (FCM-IPT) is a useful tool for diagnosing these diseases. However, overlapping immunophenotypes do exist. Recently, differential expression of CD200 and variation in number of CD20 antibody bound per cell (ABC) in different CLPDs has been reported. Materials and Methods: Seventy-seven CLPD cases were analyzed by FCM-IPT for CD200 expression, and Quantibrite bead was used to calculate CD20 ABC. Results: Variability in CD200 expression can help in the differentiation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and hairy cell leukemia (HCL) from other CLPDs. CD200 was brightly expressed in 100% CLL cases, having homogenous bright (2+) intensity. On the contrary, CD200 was uniformly negative in all Mantle cell lymphoma cases except 1, in which the intensity was dim, and the mean fluorescence intensity was significantly lower than CLL. Furthermore, all HCL cases showed bright expression of CD200, thereby making it useful in differentiation from other CLPD with villous lymphocytes. Evaluation of CD20 ABC showed that it differs among various CLPD and was significantly lowest in CLL and highest in HCL both on peripheral blood and bone marrow samples. Conclusion: Our results support the fact that CD200 can be added to routine CLPD panel as it is useful in subcategorizing them. However, inclusion of CD20 ABC to routine panel does not seem plausible but may be done for difficult diagnostic cases or where anti-CD20 therapy is planned.

Investigation for the Reference Intervals of Serum Iron and Total Iron Binding Capacity among 60+ Years People in Beijing / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To establish the reference intervals of serum iron and total iron binding capacity (TIBC) among 60+ years people in Beijing.Methods Collected Beijing TongRen Hospital,Capital Medical University from 60 to 79 year-old male 167 cases,173 cases of female serum samples of healthy subjects using Beckman's DXC-800 serum iron,total iron binding capacity,and comparative analysis of two kinds of indicators.Results The normal reference range of serum iron in Beijing (60 to 79 years) was 7.9～23.1 μmol/L.The values were 17.45±5.67 μmol/L in male,and 17.52±6.2 μmol/L in female (t=1.32,P ＞0.05).The normal reference range of total iron binding capacity was 37.8～ 62.2 μmol/L.The values were 50.78±9.17 μmol/L in male,and 52.17±9.75 μmol/L in female (t=1.75,P＞0.05).Conclusion There was no significant difference between serum iron and total iron binding capacity in elderly men and women.The investigation gave the reference intervals of serum iron and total iron binding capacity in Beijing Han elderly (60 to 79 years),which can provide useful reference to clinical.

In vitro ability of beer fermentation residue and yeast-based products to bind aflatoxin B1

This study aimed to verify the in vitro ability of beer fermentation residue (BFR) containing Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and five commercial products that differed in the viability and integrity of S. cerevisiae cells to remove aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) from a citrate-phosphate buffer solution (CPBS). BFR was collected at a microbrewery and prepared by drying and milling. The commercial yeast-based products were as follows: inactive intact yeast cells from beer alcoholic fermentation, inactive intact yeast cells from sugarcane alcoholic fermentation, hydrolyzed yeast cells, yeast cell walls and active yeast cells. Adsorption assays were performed in CPBS spiked with 1.0 μg AFB1/mL at pH 3.0 and 6.0 for a contact time of 60 min at room temperature. Analysis of AFB1 in the samples was performed by high performance liquid chromatography. AFB1 adsorption by the products ranged from 45.5% to 69.4% at pH 3.0 and from 24.0% to 63.8% at pH 6.0. The higher percentages (p < 0.05) of AFB1 binding at both pH values were achieved with products containing hydrolyzed yeast cells or yeast cell walls rather than intact cells. The AFB1 binding percentages of BFR were 55.0 ± 5.0% at pH 3.0 and 49.2 ± 4.5% at pH 6.0, which was not significantly different (p > 0.05) from commercial products containing inactive intact yeast cells. The results of this trial indicate that the yeast-based products tested, especially the BFR, have potential applications in animal feeds as a suitable biological method for reducing the adverse effects of aflatoxins.

Influencia de los ingredientes de la formulación y de la temperatura sobre las propiedades texturales de un producto en conserva / Influence of the formulation ingredients and temperature on the texture of a canned product / Influência dos ingredientes da formulação e da temperatura sobre as propriedades na textura de um produto em conserva

Se determinó la influencia de los componentes de la receta y la temperatura sobre algunas propiedades de pasta de pescado, obtenida a partir del picadillo de pescado tratado térmicamente. Entre las propiedades estudiadas se encuentran: dureza, representada por el grado de penetración, capacidad de enlace de agua, representada por la pérdida de aguay parámetros sensoriales del producto. También se analizó el efecto de la sustitución de la harina de trigo por otros ligantes como el almidón de yuca y de maíz. Los resultados indican que la elevación del contenido de proteínas y/o carbohidratos provoca un endurecimiento del producto y una disminución de pérdida de agua. El aumento de la temperatura ocasiona, a su vez, endurecimiento de la textura y aumento de pérdida de agua. Los resultados demuestran que existe estrecha correlación entre la dureza y la pérdida de agua. Es posible sustituir la harina de trigo, usada como ligante en la producción de pastas de pescado, por almidón de yuca o de maíz sin cambios significativos en los parámetros físico-químicos y sensoriales del producto analizado.

Foi determinada a influência dos componentes da formulação e da temperatura sobre algumas propriedades da pasta de pescado, obtida de picadinho de pescado, tratado termicamente. Entre as propriedades avaliadas encontram-se: dureza, representada pelo grau de penetração, a capacidade de retenção da água, representada pela perda da água e parâmetros sensoriais do produto. Além, foi analisada a substituição da farinha de trigo por outros agentes de ligação tais como amido de mandioca e amido do milho. Os resultados refletem que a elevação do conteúdo de proteínas e/ou carboidratos provoca um endurecimento do produto e uma redução das perdas da água. O aumento da temperatura provoca o endurecimento da textura e o aumento das perdas de água. Os resultados mostram que existe uma forte correlação entre a dureza e a perda de água. A farinha de trigo, utilizada como agente de ligação na produção da pasta de pescado, pode ser substituída pelo amido de mandioca ou pelo amido do milho, sem alterações significativas nos parâmetros físico-químicos e sensoriais dos produtos analisados.

The influence of the recipe components and the temperature on some fish paste properties obtained from heat treated minced fish was evaluated. Hardness, represented by the degree of penetration, water binding capacity, represented by water loss, and sensory parameters of the product were tested. The replacement of wheat flour by other binders as cassava starch or corn starch was also analyzed. The results indicate that the increase of protein and/or carbohydrates causes hardening of the product and water loss reduction. The increase in the temperature of processing causes hardening of texture and water loss increases. The results show that there is close correlation between hardness and water loss. Replacing the wheat flour used as a binder in the production of fish paste can be performed through cassava starch or corn starch without significant changes in sensory and physico-chemical parameters of the product.

Clinical significance of anemia associated metabolin detection in patients with chronic renal failure / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical value of serum iron(Fe),total iron binding capacity(TIBC),serum ferritin(SF), folic acid(FA)and vitamin 12(ViB12 )in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic renal failure(CRF).Methods Fasting blood sam-ples were collected from 72 patients with CRF and 83 normal controls.Then the serum SF,ViB12 and FA contents were measured by the ARCHITECT i2000SR fully automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer;serum Fe and TIBC were detected by the VITORS FS 5.1 dry biochemical analyzer;RBC,HGB,HCT and MCV were analyzed by the Mindray BC-6800 complete automated blood counter.The detection results were performed the statistical analysis by the SPSS16.0 software.Results The levels of TIBC,RBC,HGB and HCT in the CRF patients were significantly lower than those in the control group(P 0.05);the FA level in the female patients was lower than that in the control group,but which in the male patients had no statistical differences compared with the control group(P >0.05).Conclusion The indexes of anemia associat-ed metabolin in the CRF patients can provide certain reference value for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic renal fail and has cer-tain guidance significance for correcting anemia caused by renal insufficiency.

Association of maternal iron status with birthweight at third trimester in pregnant women / 동물의과학연구지

To investigate the association between maternal iron status at the third trimester and fetal birthweight, maternal serum iron, ferritin, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), and complete blood count values were measured at 36-weeks gestation. Delivery database on mothers who delivered babies at Chungbuk National University Hospital between January 2008 and March 2013 was extracted. A total of 353 uncomplicated term babies were analyzed using hierarchical regression and ANCOVA. Maternal age (standardized regression coefficient beta=0.115, P<0.05), height (beta=0.108, P<0.05), BMI (beta=0.210, P<0.001), and gestational age (beta=0.298, P<0.001) were significantly associated with birthweight. However, birthweight was not associated with maternal iron parameters. After adjusting for maternal age, height, BMI, and gestational age, babies born to mothers with lower mean values of hemoglobin, hematocrit, and serum ferritin were heavier than those born to mothers with higher values. Babies born to lower hemoglobin (11 g/dL) mothers were heavier than those born to higher hemoglobin (12 g/dL) mothers. However, birthweight was not significantly different between mothers with 10 g/dL or 13 g/dL of hemoglobin. Comparing birthweight according to 30 ug/dL of serum iron, 360 ug/dL of TIBC, 15 ng/mL of serum ferritin, and 10% transferrin saturation, babies born to mothers of the lower group were heavier than those born to mothers of the higher group. Therefore, maternal serum iron status at the third trimester seems to not be associated with birthweight.

Parâmetros utilizados na avaliação do metabolismo do ferro em cães / Iron metabolism parameters in dogs

A avaliação do metabolismo de ferro associado aos resultados hematológicos constitui uma ferramenta importante para o diagnóstico, controle e diferenciação de estados anêmicos. O presente trabalho objetivou determinar os parâmetros utilizados na avaliação do metabolismo do ferro (ferro sérico, capacidade latente de ligação do ferro, capacidade total de ligação do ferro, índice de saturação do ferro, transferrina e ferritina) em cães sadios. Foram selecionados 120 cães, divididos em quatro grupos de sexo e faixa etária distintos (30 machos jovens e 30 adultos, 30 fêmeas jovens e 30 adultas). As amostras de sangue foram coletadas das 8h às 11h, com os cães em jejum. Os valores médios para as concentrações de ferro sérico, capacidade latente de ligação do ferro, capacidade total de ligação do ferro, índice de saturação do ferro e transferrina foram 138,2µl dl-1; 371µl dl-1; 232,6µl dl-1; 37,7 por cento e 259,6mg dl-1, respectivamente. Esses índices foram avaliados quanto às variações entre sexo e idade. Os valores médios foram submetidos ao teste de Tukey e não apresentaram variação significativa (P<0,01). A concentração de ferro sérico apresentou-se mais elevada em cães machos adultos, comparados aos machos jovens (P<0,05). O valor de ferritina obtido foi inferior a 1ng mL-1 com reagente comercial de imunoensaio quimioluminescente para humanos.

The determination of iron metabolism rates associated with hematological findings is an important tool to diagnosis, control and differentiation of anemic states. This study has as objective to determine the iron parameters (serum iron, unsaturated iron binding-capacity, total iron binding-capacity, transferrin saturation rate (IST), transferrin and ferritin) in healthy dogs. It was selected 120 dogs, shared in four different groups of sex and age (30 young males and 30 adult males, 30 young females and 30 adult females). The blood samples were collected between 8 and 11h AM, with fasted dogs. The average values to serum iron, unsaturated iron binding-capacity, total iron-binding-capacity, transferring percent saturation and transferrin are 138.2µl dl-1; 371µl dl-1; 232.6µl dl-1; 37.7 percent e 259.6mg dl-1 respectively. These rates were evaluated according to sex and age variation. The average values submitted to Tukey test it were not significant (P<0,01). Considering a 5 percent level variation of error probability, the serum iron was higher in adult male dogs, comparing with young male ones (P<0,05). The ferritin values were 0ng mL-1 in human chemiluminescent immunoassay kit.

Comparative Quantitative Analysis of Cluster of Differentiation 45 Antigen Expression on Lymphocyte Subsets / 대한진단검사의학회지

BACKGROUND: Since the recent introduction of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) using antibodies against cluster of differentiation (CD) 45 for the treatment of lymphoma, the clinical significance of the CD45 antigen has been increasing steadily. Here, we analyzed CD45 expression on lymphocyte subsets using flow cytometry in order to predict the susceptibility of normal lymphocytes to RIT. METHODS: Peripheral blood specimens were collected from 14 healthy individuals aged 25-54 yr. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the cell surface antigens was measured using a FACSCanto II system (Becton Dickinson Bioscience, USA). MFI values were converted into antibody binding capacity values using a Quantum Simply Cellular microbead kit (Bangs Laboratories, Inc., USA). RESULTS: Among the lymphocyte subsets, the expression of CD45 was the highest (725,368+/-42,763) on natural killer T (NKT) cells, 674,030+/-48,187 on cytotoxic/suppressor T cells, 588,750+/-48,090 on natural killer (NK) cells, 580,211+/-29,168 on helper T (Th) cells, and 499,436+/-21,737 on B cells. The Th cells and NK cells expressed a similar level of CD45 (P=0.502). Forward scatter was the highest in NKT cells (P<0.05), whereas side scatter differed significantly between each of the lymphocyte subsets (P<0.05). CD3 expression was highest in the Th and NKT cells. CONCLUSIONS: NKT cells express the highest levels of CD45 antigen. Therefore, this lymphocyte subset would be most profoundly affected by RIT or pretargeted RIT. The monitoring of this lymphocyte subset during and after RIT should prove helpful.

Comparative Quantitative Analysis of Cluster of Differentiation 45 Antigen Expression on Lymphocyte Subsets / 대한진단검사의학회지

BACKGROUND: Since the recent introduction of radioimmunotherapy (RIT) using antibodies against cluster of differentiation (CD) 45 for the treatment of lymphoma, the clinical significance of the CD45 antigen has been increasing steadily. Here, we analyzed CD45 expression on lymphocyte subsets using flow cytometry in order to predict the susceptibility of normal lymphocytes to RIT. METHODS: Peripheral blood specimens were collected from 14 healthy individuals aged 25-54 yr. The mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of the cell surface antigens was measured using a FACSCanto II system (Becton Dickinson Bioscience, USA). MFI values were converted into antibody binding capacity values using a Quantum Simply Cellular microbead kit (Bangs Laboratories, Inc., USA). RESULTS: Among the lymphocyte subsets, the expression of CD45 was the highest (725,368+/-42,763) on natural killer T (NKT) cells, 674,030+/-48,187 on cytotoxic/suppressor T cells, 588,750+/-48,090 on natural killer (NK) cells, 580,211+/-29,168 on helper T (Th) cells, and 499,436+/-21,737 on B cells. The Th cells and NK cells expressed a similar level of CD45 (P=0.502). Forward scatter was the highest in NKT cells (P<0.05), whereas side scatter differed significantly between each of the lymphocyte subsets (P<0.05). CD3 expression was highest in the Th and NKT cells. CONCLUSIONS: NKT cells express the highest levels of CD45 antigen. Therefore, this lymphocyte subset would be most profoundly affected by RIT or pretargeted RIT. The monitoring of this lymphocyte subset during and after RIT should prove helpful.

Avaliação do estado nutricional de ferro e anemia em crianças menores de 5 anos de creches públicas / Nutritional assessment of iron status and anemia in children under 5 years old at public daycare centers

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional de ferro e a prevalência de anemia em crianças menores de 5 anos de creches públicas da cidade do Recife (PE). MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com amostra aleatória sistemática de 162 crianças, de 6 a 59 meses. O estado nutricional de ferro foi avaliado em termos de reservas corporais (ferritina sérica), transferrinemia (ferro sérico, capacidade total de ligação do ferro e por cento de saturação da transferrina), eritropoiese (protoporfirina eritrocitária livre) e hemoglobinogênese (hemoglobina). RESULTADOS: A prevalência de anemia (hemoglobina < 11,0 g/dL) foi de 55,6 por cento (IC95 por cento 47,3-63,5), a redução dos estoques de ferro (ferritina sérica < 12,0 ng/mL) foi evidenciada em 30,8 por cento (IC95 por cento 22,9-39,3), baixa transferrinemia ( por cento de saturação da transferrina < 16) em 60,1 por cento (IC95 por cento 51,7-68,0) e eritropoiese deficiente (protoporfirina eritrocitária livre > 40 æmol/mol heme) em 69,6 por cento (IC95 por cento 61,0-77,1) das crianças. Os parâmetros de ferro não apresentaram correlação com o gênero (p > 0,05). No entanto, crianças < 24 meses apresentaram concentrações mais baixas de hemoglobina (p < 0,00) e níveis mais elevados de protoporfirina eritrocitária livre (p < 0,000) e de capacidade total de ligação do ferro (p < 0,001), quando comparadas às crianças > 24 meses. A significante correlação observada entre reserva, transferrinemia e eritropoiese representa achado compatível com o esperado ciclo de vida do ferro no organismo. CONCLUSÕES: A deficiência de ferro e a anemia parecem ser um importante problema de saúde pública entre as crianças menores de 5 anos de creches públicas do Recife. Logo, ações efetivas direcionadas à prevenção e ao controle dessa deficiência são fortemente recomendadas nesse contexto ecológico.

OBJECTIVE: To assess nutritional iron status and anemia prevalence in children less than 5 years old at public daycare centers in the city of Recife, PE, Brazil. METHODS: A cross-sectional study, with a systematic random sampling of 162 children aged 6 to 59 months. Nutritional iron status was assessed in terms of body iron reserves (serum ferritin), transferrinemia (serum iron, total iron binding capacity, and transferrin saturation percent), erythropoiesis (free erythrocyte protoporphyrin) and hemoglobin production (hemoglobin). RESULTS: The prevalence of anemia (hemoglobin < 11.0 g/dL) was 55.6 percent (95 percentCI 47.3-63.5), evidence was found of depleted iron stocks (serum ferritin < 12.0 ng/mL) in 30.8 percent (95 percentCI 22.9-39.3), low transferrinemia levels (transferrin saturation percent < 16) in 60.1 percent (95 percentCI 51.7-68.0) and deficient erythropoiesis (free erythrocyte protoporphyrin > 40 æmol/mol heme) in 69.6 percent (95 percentCI 61.0-77.1) of the children. Iron parameters were not correlated with sex (p > 0.05). However, children < 24 months exhibited lower hemoglobin concentrations (p < 0.00) and higher levels of free erythrocyte protoporphyrin (p < 0.000) and total iron binding capacity (p < 0.001) when compared with children > 24 months. The significant correlation observed between reserves, transferrinemia and erythropoiesis is a finding that is compatible with the expected lifecycle of iron in the body. CONCLUSIONS: Iron deficiency and anemia appear to be an important public health problem among children less than 5 years old at public daycare centers in Recife. Therefore, effective actions aimed at the prevention and control of this deficiency are strongly recommended in this ecological context.

Tetramethylpyrazine inhibition on binding of radiolabeled ligand to VEGFR / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effect of tetramethylpyrazine(TMP) on binding of 125I-VEGF to VEGF receptor. Methods The mice sera were collected after peritoneal injection with big-dose TMP,low-dose TMP,protamine and NS. A reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC) method was used to determine the TMP in mice serum. The culture medium of ECV304 was treated with the mice sera in different groups. Radioligand binding assay(RBA) of receptor and Scatchard pot were performed to observe the changes of the maximum binding capacity(B_ max) and dissociation constant(K_d).Results The sera of big-dose TMP inhibited 125I-VEGF binding to its receptor, K_d=343.30?36.64 pmol?L-1,B_ max=46.26?5.85 fmol/2?10~5 cells(P0.05),but B_ max decreased(P

A Study on Serum Ferrum, TIBC, and Ferritin's Circadian Rhythm in Normal Adults / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify characteristics of serum ferrum, TIBC and ferritin's circadian rhythm in normal adults and to prepare a standard to determine the examination material extraction time. METHOD: Nine women and ten men made up the convenience sample for this study. they were from the staff of D university hospital and students in D medical School located in K city who met the qualifications for inclusion in the sample. The value of serum ferrum, TIBC and circadian rhythm were calculated as follows; First, each variable's amplitude, the acrophase and average were measured for a 24 hour cycle using the cosinor method, and then each person's rhythm was analyzed. RESULTS: There were significant serum iron circadian rhythm for both men and women (p<.05). For the men, mesor was 105.91 microgram/dl, amplitude was 29.52 microgram/dl, and the acrophase was 9.76 hour. For the women, mesor was 108.17 microgram/dl, amplitude was 28.09 microgram/dl, and the acrophase was 11.42 hour. The rhythm change of TIBC was only significant for the women (p<.05), mesor was 383.39 mg/dl, amplitude was 60.29 mg/dl, and the acrophase was 14.93hour. As for the circadian rhythm of the ferritin, there are no diurnal variation in either sex, men were between 134.0 ng/ml and 137.4 ng/ml, and women, between 29.1 ng/ml and 30.1 ng/ml. CONCLUSION: To help diagnose the boundary line between normal or deficiency in iron, measurement should be carried out at a fixed time in the morning and evening, or a more proper time would be in the afternoon at the time when the width of amplitude is the least.

A Study of Serum Ferritin Levels in Patients with Acute Infectious Hepatitis

Serum ferritin, iron, and total iron binding capacity were measured in 47 patients who were admitted to Hanyang University Hospital under the diagnosis of acute infectious hepatitis(excluding HBsAg positive patients) from September 1980 to March 1981. At the same time, serum transminase were estimated as indicator of liver function. Then we evaluated the relationship between serum ferritin, iron, and iron binding capacity and transaminase. The results were as followings: 1. Among 47 cases, 25 cases were male and 22 cases were female. Age distribution was from 1 year and 10 months to 14 years old. 2. Serum transaminase levels, GOT were from 51 unit to 1,010 unit and mean value was 644.8+/-315.7unit, and GPT were from 139 unit to 825 unit and mean value was 662.3+/-231.6 unit. 3. Serum iron levels were from 33microgram/dl to 264microgram/dl and mean value was 103.6+/-42.7microgram/dl, total iron binding capacities were from 267microgram/dl to 588microgram/dl, and mean value was 393.5+/-80.6microgram/dl. Serum ferritin levels were from 12ng/ml to 1,420ng/ml and mean value was 184.3+/-251.7ng/ml. 4. There was no correlation between serum iron and serum transaminase. 5. There was no correlation between total iron binding capacity and serum transaminase. 6. There was no correlation between serum ferritin and serum transaminase.

Distribution and characters of peptide YY receptor in rat jejunum epithelial cell / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To detect normal rat jejunum epithelial cells to learn about the distribution of peptide YY(PYY)receptor and measured two important parameters of PYY receptor so as to explore the target that PYY binds to and display its physiological function.Methods Receptor radioligand assay was conducted by using 125I-PYY to detect normal rat jejunum epithelial cells.We also measured receptor dissociation constant(Kd),the affinity or the ability that the receptor could bind ligand;maximum binding capacity(Bmax),the concentration of binding site;and Hill coefficient.Results There were PYY receptors in normal rat jejunum epithelial cells.Dissociation constant(Kd)of PYY receptor was(386.69?129.95)pmol/L.Maximum binding capacity(Bmax)was(303.21?116.85)fmol/mg protein.Hill coefficient was 1.PYY receptor had high affinity.Conclusion There are distributions of PYY receptors in normal rat jejunum epithelial cells.Kd means that PYY receptor has high affinity.Bmax means that the number of receptors is limited and decides the characters of saturability.We think that PYY directly inhibits secretion by binding to PYY receptor in jejunum epithelial cells when PYY inhibiting jejunum secretion.