Effect of a novel phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, CPD1, on paraquat-induced lung fibrosis in rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of CPD1, a novel phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, on lung pathological phenotype and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of alveolar epithelial cells in lung fibrosis model rats caused by paraquat (PQ). Methods Lung fibrosis model was constructed by a single intraperitoneal injection of PQ (30 mg·kg

Effect of a novel phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor,CPD1,on unilateral renal interstitial fibrosis caused by ureteric obstruction in mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of CPD1,a novel phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor,on renal pathological phenotype and fibrotic protein expression in renal fibrosis model mice. Methods Male C57BL/6 J mice were divided into three groups randomly(sham group,UUO group and UUO+CPD1 group). Unilateral ureteric obstruction model was constructed by surgery,and CPD1(5 mg·kg-1·d-1)was administered by intragastric administration two hours after the modeling for seven days. HE and Sirius Red staining were used to observe the distribution of tissue structural lesions and fibrosis. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot were used to detect the expression of fibronectin(FN),α-SMA,collagen-I and kidney injury molecule-1(Kim-1). Results Compared with sham operation group,the renal tubules of mice were dilated and accompanied by a large amount of inflammatory infiltration. Moreover,the expressions of FN,α-SMA,collagen-I and Kim-1 proteins increased significantly(P<0.05)in UUO group. CPD1 treatment improved the kidney structure and decreased the expression of collagen fibers. Furthermore,CPD1 inhibited the expression of FN,α-SMA,collagen-I and Kim-1 markedly(P<0.05). Conclusions Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor CPD1 alleviates the progression of renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction through down-regulating ECM deposition in the extracellular matrix and expression of Kim-1. The specific mechanism remains to be further studied.

Effect of a novel phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, CPD1, on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of CPD1, a novel phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, on liver pathological phenotype and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation in hepatic fibrosis model mice caused by carbon tetrachloride ( CCl

Reference interval establishment of full blood count extended research parameters in the multi-ethnic population of Malaysia

@#Haematological cellular structures may be elucidated using automated full blood count (FBC) analysers such as Unicel DxH 800 via cell population data (CPD) analysis. The CPD values are generated by calculating volume, conductivity, and five types of scatter angles of individual cells which would form clusters or populations. This study considered 126 CPD parameter values of 1077 healthy Malaysian adults to develop reference intervals for each CPD parameter. The utility of the CPD reference interval established may range from understanding the normal haematological cellular structures to analysis of distinct cellular features related to the development of haematological disorders and malignancies.

Medical Professionalism and Continuing Professional Development in the Next Amendment of the Postgraduate Clinical Training System / 医学教育

Under the current postgraduate clinical training system for physicians, three principles have been emphasized in its basic tenets; cultivation of character appropriate for physicians, generation of awareness to the societal role of medical science and healthcare, and mastery of basic clinical skills needed to respond appropriately to injuries and illnesses frequently encountered in general practice. In accordance with its quinquennial review rule, the Clinical Training Committee under the Medical Caucus of the Healthcare Professions Council released draft revisions of a notification published by the Director general of the Health Policy Bureau of the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in March, 2018. The document is entitled "On the operation of the ordinance concerning the postgraduate clinical training prescribed in the paragraph (1) of Article 16-2, Medical Practitioners Act" .　A Key distinction of the revised draft is new learning outcomes featuring core values shared by physicians: commitment to physicians' societal mission of public health, altruistic behavior, respect for humanity, and maintaining one's own integrity. Another key distinction is securement of longitudinal consistency in the set of required faculties, from medical school curriculum to continuing professional development programs. Further improvements in systems and environments to enhance devotion to life-long learning are needed.

Variación diurna en la composición del bacterioplancton y daño del ADN en la comunidad microbiana de un lago oligotrófico andino / Diurnal variation in bacterioplankton composition and DNA damage in the microbial community from an Andean oligotrophic lake

Laguna Azul is an oligotrophic lake situated at 4,560 m above sea level and subject to a high level of solar radiation. Bacterioplankton community composition (BCC) was analysed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and the impact of solar ultraviolet radiation was assessed by measuring cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD). Furthermore, pure cultures of Acinetobacter johnsonii A2 and Rhodococcus sp. A5 were exposed simultaneously and CPD accumulation was studied. Gel analyses generated a total of 7 sequences belonging to Alpha-proteobacteria (1 band), Beta-proteobacteria (1 band), Bacteroidetes (2 bands), Actinobacteria (1 band), and Firmicutes (1 band). DGGE profiles showed minimal changes in BCC and no CPD was detected even though a high level of damage was found in biodosimeters. A. johnsonii A2 showed low level of DNA damage while Rhodococcus sp. A5 exhibited high resistance since no CPD were detected under natural UV-B exposure, suggesting that the bacterial community is well adapted to this highly solar irradiated environment.

La Laguna Azul es un ambiente oligotrófico localizado a 4560m de altura y sometido a elevados niveles de radiación solar. La composición de su comunidad bacterioplanctónica fue analizada empleando la técnica de electroforesis en gradiente desnaturalizante y se investigó el impacto de la radiación ultravioleta cuantificando los dímeros de pirimidina (CPD). Además, se expusieron simultáneamente cultivos puros de Acinetobacter johnsonii A2 y Rhodococcus sp. A5 para estudiar la acumulación de CPD. El análisis de los geles mostró siete secuencias pertenecientes a Alpha-proteobacteria (1 banda), Beta-proteobacteria (1 banda), Bacteroidetes (2 bandas), Actinobacteria (1 banda) y Firmicutes (1 banda). A lo largo del día se observaron cambios mínimos en la composición de la comunidad y no se detectaron CPD. A. johnsonii A2 presentó un daño bajo mientras que Rhodococcus sp. A5 no presentó daño en su ADN, sugiriendo que la comunidad bacteriana está muy bien adaptada a este ambiente altamente irradiado

Variación diurna de la composición bacterioplanctónica y daño en el ADN de la comunidad microbiana de una laguna oligotrófica de los Andes / Diurnal variation in bacterioplankton composition and DNA damage in the microbial community from an Andean

La Laguna Azul es un ambiente oligotrófi co localizado a 4560 m de altura y sometido a elevados niveles de radiación solar. La composición de su comunidad bacterioplanctónica fue analizada empleando la técnica de electroforesis en gradiente desnaturalizante y se investigó el impacto de la radiación ultravioleta cuantifi cando los dímeros de pirimidina (CPD). Además, se expusieron simultáneamente cultivos puros de Acinetobacter johnsonii A2 y Rhodococcus sp. A5 para estudiar la acumulación de CPD. El análisis de los geles mostró siete secuencias pertenecientes a Alpha-proteobacteria (1 banda), Beta-proteobacteria (1 banda), Bacteroidetes (2 bandas), Actinobacteria (1 banda) y Firmicutes (1 banda). A lo largo del día se observaron cambios mínimos en la composición de la comunidad y no se detectaron CPD. A. johnsonii A2 presentó un daño bajo mientras que Rhodococcus sp. A5 no presentó daño en su ADN, sugiriendo que la comunidad bacteriana está muy bien adaptada a este ambiente altamente irradiado

Laguna Azul is an oligotrophic lake situated at 4,560 m above sea level and subject to a high level of solar radiation. Bacterioplankton community composition (BCC) was analysed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and the impact of solar ultraviolet radiation was assessed by measuring cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD). Furthermore, pure cultures of Acinetobacter johnsonii A2 and Rhodococcus sp. A5 were exposed simultaneously and CPD accumulation was studied. Gel analyses generated a total of 7 sequences belonging to Alpha-proteobacteria (1 band), Beta-proteobacteria (1 band), Bacteroidetes (2 bands), Actinobacteria (1 band), and Firmicutes (1 band). DGGE profi les showed minimal changes in BCC and no CPD was detected even though a high level of damage was found in biodosimeters. A. johnsonii A2 showed low level of DNA damage while Rhodococcus sp. A5 exhibited high resistance since no CPD were detected under natural UV-B exposure, suggesting that the bacterial community is well adapted to this highly solar irradiated environment

Full mouth rehabilitation with fixed and removal prosthesis using extracoronal attachments: A clinical report.

Full mouth rehabilitation always claims careful attention and meticulous treatment planning. It becomes more challenging with the partial edentulism where bilateral segment is found missing. Successful restoration can be done with plenty of contemporary and conventional treatment planning. Attachment retained partial dentures are one such kind of treatment modality in prosthodontics. Studies have also demonstrated that precision-attachment partials last longer, wear less, need less adjustments, look better, work better, less destructive, protect abutment teeth, and are easier to clean. In this case report patient’s functional and aesthetic expectations were met by doing full mouth rehabilitation using combination of Porcelain fused to metal (PFM) restorations and semiprecision attachments.

Uso de pinças ópticas para avaliação do potencial zeta de hemácias em EDTA, CPD-SAGM e estocadas / Use of optical tweezers for evaluation of szeta potential of red blood cells in EDTA, CPD-SAGM and stored in blood banks

A hemácia é carregada negativamente, principalmente devido ao ácido siálico que gera um potencial elétrico denominado Potencial Zeta que impede a aglutinação intravascular. Os testes de hemaglutinação na rotina transfusional, necessitam de substâncias potencializadoras, das quais muitas agem diminuindo o Potencial Zeta para se ter maior sensibilidade. Através da pinça óptica, ferramenta capaz de capturar células utilizando a luz, foi proposta uma metodologia para quantificar o potencial zeta e aplicar em hemácias coletadas com EDTA e estocadas em CPD-SAGM (visando avaliar alterações de cargas da membrana relacionadas a lesões de armazenamento. Os potenciais zeta em CPD-CAGM foram superiores (-14,8 mV) aos em EDTA (-7,9 mV) e decrescentes a partir do primeiro dia de armazenamento, estabilizando-se a partir da terceira semana com potencial zeta -7,6 mV. Hemácias com CPD-SAGM apresentaram potencial zeta maior, pois possivelmente este conservante evitou lesões mais significativas da membrana que poderiam alterar as cargas. A redução do potencial zeta no armazenamento pode ser consequência de enzimas liberadas de leucócitos lisados que tenham alterado as glicoforinas da membrana. A metodologia permitiu avaliar o potencial zeta em diferentes condições e poderá contribuir na padronização de técnicas de hemaglutinação com diferentes meios potencializadores e no melhor conhecimento das lesões de estocagem para fins transfusionais.

Antitumor mechanisum of a new antitumor drug-Cpd 5 / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Cpd 5 (2-(2-mercaptcethanol)-3-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone,Compound 5) is a potent growth inhibitor and apoptesis inducer in several tumor cell lines in vivo and in vitro. The mechanisms of cell in-hibition are partialy elucidated. Cpd 5 arrests cell cycle progression, affects the expression of some related genes by inhibiting PTP (protein tyrosine photophatase), specially Cdc25, and inducts the prolonged phosphorylation of ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase), then results in cell growth inhibition. Cpd 5 inhibits CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein)and phesphorlation of pp90RSK, which inhibits expression of genes mediated by cAMP response element and cell growth. Furthemore, Cpd 5 activats caspaso passway and induces apoptosis of the cells. Cpd 5 is a promising novel anticancer drug.

Parâmetros bioquímicos e hemogasométricos do sangue total canino armazenado em bolsas plásticas contendo CPDA-1 e CPD/SAG-M / Parameter biochemical and hemogasometric of the total blood stored of dogs in plastic stock markets I contend CPDA-1 and CPD/SAG-M

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar e comparar as alterações bioquímicas e hemogasométricas do sangue total canino armazenado em bolsas CPDA-1 e CPD/SAG-M. Foram utilizados 14 cães machos, adultos e saudáveis, distribuídos em dois grupos com sete animais cada, dos quais foi obtido sangue para o estudo. No primeiro grupo (G1), o sangue foi armazenado em bolsas CPDA-1 e, no segundo grupo (G2), o sangue foi armazenado em bolsas CPD/SAG-M. As amostras foram analisadas para: potássio, sódio, glicose, proteína plasmática total, DPG, pH sangüíneo, pO2 , pCO2 e bicarbonato. Os momentos estabelecidos para as análises laboratoriais foram: D0: imediatamente após a coleta do sangue dos animais; D7: sete dias após a coleta; D14: quatorze dias após a coleta; D21: vinte e um dias após a coleta; D31: trinta e um dias após a coleta; D41: quarenta e um dias após coleta. A análise dos resultados permitiu concluir que a bolsa CPD/SAG-M apresentou melhor desempenho quando comparada à CPDA-1 após 41 dias de estocagem. O DPG, mesmo com pH inferior a sete, continua sendo produzido por, pelo menos, uma semana após a estocagem do sangue na bolsa.

The present study was aimed at evaluating and comparing the biochemical and haemogasometrics alterations of the total blood of dogs stored in bags CPDA-1 and CPD/SAG-M. 14 male's dogs, adult and healthful dogs, were divided in two groups, which one blood was removed for the study. The blood of the first group (G1) was stored in bag CPDA-1 and that of the second group (G2) in bag CPD/SAG-M. The samples were analyzed for: potassium, sodium, glucose, total plasmatic protein, DPG, pH, pO2 , pCO2 , and bicarbonate. The moments for the laboratory analyses were established: D0: immediately after the collection of blood; D7: seven days after the collection; D14: fourteen days after the collection; D21: twenty and one days after the collection; D31: thirty and one days after the collection; D41: forty one days after collect. The evaluation of the results allowed including that: the bag CPD/SAG-M presented advantage when compared with the CPDA-1 after 41 days of stored. The DPG, even with pH lower then 7, continues being produced for, at least, one week after the stocking of the blood in the bag.

Executive Strategies for CPD Program Development and Enhancement

The Continuing Professional Development (CPD) program of Korean medical doctors had problems that did not resolve for many years. The primary concern of this study is to examine the problems of the CPD program of Korean medical doctors and to suggest practical guidelines to resolve such barriers. The findings show that the major barrier for improving CPD program is the lack of total quality management. Such lack came from insufficient manpower to plan, execute, and evaluate the CPD programs. The insufficient financial support aggravated the situation. In order to enhance the CPD program, various problems in planning, executing, evaluation stage must be dealt. Specific plans and resolutions in each stage have been suggested.

Study on the effect of cpd Danshen tablet combined with vitamin E in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)-related liver fibrosis / 中国实用内科杂志

Objective To probe the effect of Cpd danshen tablet combined with vitamin E in liver fibrosis by chronic hepatitis B.Methods 44 patients with CHB-related live fibrosis were allocated randomly into control group and Cpd danshen tablet combined with vitamin E treatment group for 6 months' treatment.Serum ALT,AST level and fibrosis markers including hyaluronic acid (HA),Ⅳ collagen(Ⅳ-C),amino terminal propeptide of type Ⅲ procollagen (PⅢP),and laminin(LN) and serum MMP1,2,TIMP1,2 level were determined before and after 6 months.Liver biopsies before and after 6 months were assessed.Results ALT,AST level in the two groups were decreased after 6 months' treatment(.P.

A Clinical Study of Comparison with Success Group and Failure Group in Vaginal Birth after Cesarean Delivery / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVES: Vaginal birth or trial of labor after previous cesarean section has become one of the most remarkable changes in obstetric practice. The safety and efficacy of a trial of labor and vaginal birth after previous cesarean are well documented. The purpose of this report is to predict the likelihood of vaginal birth in patients undergoing a trial of labor after previous cesarean delivery using factors known at the time of hospital admission. METHOD: In this retrospective study, 120 women who attempted vaginal birth at Kyung-Hee University Hospital from March 1997 to March 1999. An attempt to identify possible prognostic factors for success of such a trial was made and we evaluated the variables of significant predictive value and the patients' characteristics in the success group and failure group of women who attempted VBAC. RESULT: 87 cases(72.5%) in 120 cases succeeded in VBAC and 33 cases(27.5%) failed. In this comparative groups in VBAC, there was significant difference in CPD index(cephalopelvic disproportion index) and Bishop score, but no significant difference in gestational age, the estimated fetal weight by sonography and newborn birth weight. CONCLUSION: In this study, Bishop score and CPD index and age may be useful and valid predictor of success in VBAC and this information could be particularly valuable. The CPD index may prove most important in determining if a vaginal birth should occur after a cesarean section because it can clearly identify some patients who need a repeat cesarean section.

Anti-retroviral effect of chlorophyll derivatives (CpD-D) by photosensitization

A new photosensitizer, CpD(chlorophyll derivatives), previously reported as a promising agent for tumor therapy, was studied to determine its inhibitory effects on Gross leukemia virus(GLV), a mouse retrovirus isolated from the GLV-producing TGV cell line, and the cytocidal effect on the GLV infected cells in vitro, following photodynamic treatment with CpD-D and red light, the viral inactivation and infectivity were examined by measuring the reverse transcriptase(RT) activity of the virus itself and that in cell-free culture supernatant of freshly GLV-infected secondary mouse embryo cells respectively. The cytocidal activity was measured by trypan blue exclusion test. Inhibition of GLV associated RT activity resulted from CpD-D and red light treatment. The RT inhibition effect was immediate and the infectivity of these photodynamically treated GLV to mouse embryo cells was also inhibited. However, specific cytotoxicity of GLV infected cells was not found. Thus, it is concluded that CpD-D may be used as an effective antiviral agent.

Chlorophyll derivatives: a new photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cancer in mice

The in vivo photosensitizing efficacy of chlorophyll derivatives(CpD), which had been developed as a new photosensitizer, was compared with that of hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD). A murine tumor model implanted subcutaneously with S-180 cells on the abdomen was used. The CpD or HpD was administered by intratumoral injection, and light of appropriate wavelength was irradiated on the tumor areas for 10 minutes at 1h and 24h or 24h and 48h after the injection of photosensitizer. When CpD was injected, the early irradiation group (1h and 24h) showed a 100% tumor cure rate; however, the late irradiation group (24h and 48h) showed a 60% tumor cure rate (p less than 0.01). This showed that the early irradiation with light after injection of CpD was an important factor for obtaining better results. With HpD, there was no difference in tumor cure rate between early (1h and 24h, 80%) and late irradiation (24h and 48h, 80%) groups. Thus, in early irradiation groups, the tumor cure rate using CpD (100%) was superior to that of HpD (80%) (p less than 0.05). However, in late irradiation groups, the tumor cure rate using CpD (60%) was inferior to that of HpD (80%), but this difference was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.1). Pathologic sections of these tumors were made before treatment and 48h and 3 weeks after treatment. These showed geographic necrosis at 48h after treatment and no viable tumor tissue at 3 weeks after treatment. Our results showed that CpD was as effective as HpD as a photosensitizer for in vivo photodynamic therapy.

Chlorophyll derivatives: a new photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy of cancer in mice

The in vivo photosensitizing efficacy of chlorophyll derivatives(CpD), which had been developed as a new photosensitizer, was compared with that of hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD). A murine tumor model implanted subcutaneously with S-180 cells on the abdomen was used. The CpD or HpD was administered by intratumoral injection, and light of appropriate wavelength was irradiated on the tumor areas for 10 minutes at 1h and 24h or 24h and 48h after the injection of photosensitizer. When CpD was injected, the early irradiation group (1h and 24h) showed a 100% tumor cure rate; however, the late irradiation group (24h and 48h) showed a 60% tumor cure rate (p less than 0.01). This showed that the early irradiation with light after injection of CpD was an important factor for obtaining better results. With HpD, there was no difference in tumor cure rate between early (1h and 24h, 80%) and late irradiation (24h and 48h, 80%) groups. Thus, in early irradiation groups, the tumor cure rate using CpD (100%) was superior to that of HpD (80%) (p less than 0.05). However, in late irradiation groups, the tumor cure rate using CpD (60%) was inferior to that of HpD (80%), but this difference was not statistically significant (p greater than 0.1). Pathologic sections of these tumors were made before treatment and 48h and 3 weeks after treatment. These showed geographic necrosis at 48h after treatment and no viable tumor tissue at 3 weeks after treatment. Our results showed that CpD was as effective as HpD as a photosensitizer for in vivo photodynamic therapy.