Asthma management and asthma control level in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To investigate the influencing factors for asthma management and asthma control level in children.@*METHODS@#A total of 202 children with a confirmed diagnosis of asthma were enrolled. The questionnaire of asthma control level and family management was used to investigate the influencing factors for asthma control level and the indicators of family management. The awareness of childhood asthma and its management was analyzed among the parents, as well as the influence on asthma control level in children, and the association between them was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the non-complete control group, the complete control group had significantly longer course of asthma and treatment time (P<0.05). The proportions of asthma attacks ≥3 times and aerosol treatment for asthma attacks >3 times in one year in the complete control group were significantly lower than those in the non-complete control group (P<0.05). The complete control group had a significantly lower proportion of children with frequent respiratory infection, wheezing during respiratory infection, or a family history of allergic diseases (P<0.05). The parents in the complete control group had significantly stronger awareness of short-term escalation to asthma medication after respiratory infection and significantly enhanced management of maintenance medication (P<0.05). Compared with the complete control group, the non-complete control group had a significantly higher proportion of children with abnormal pulmonary function at the initial stage (P<0.05). The level of asthma control in children was associated with short-term escalation to asthma medication during respiratory infection and initial lung function (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The level of asthma control in children is closely associated with the severity of asthma and the comprehensive management of childhood asthma. Early treatment and family management, especially escalation to asthma medication during the early stage of respiratory infection, are of great importance in asthma control. Citation:Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2023, 25(1): 73-79.

Discussion on application of control level of radioactive contamination on personnel′s body surface in a nuclear and radiological emergency / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

There are differences and inconsistencies to some degree in the radioactive contamination control level of personnel′s body surface availiable in many national standards, thus puzzling the users. Therefore, it is proposed to compare the applicable scope, conditions and differences between relevant national standards, and combine with similar clinical nuclear medicine standards of radiological protection content to presevent recommendations on the contamination control level that should be correctly applied in an event of nuclear and radiological emergency. Based on the discussion of similar standards, the contaminated personnel with α of 0.04-10 Bq/cm 2 and β of 0.4-100 Bq/cm 2 are advised to be treated in the institutions with higher than secondary medical insititution. Both α econtamination control levels less than 0.04 Bq/cm 2 and β levels less than 0.4 Bq/cm 2 could be achivable, if fully decontaminated.

Clinical study of Tiaogan Lifei Decoction on improving the level of symptom control in asthmatic patients with moderate and high dose glucocorticoid inhalation / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of Tiaogan Lifei Decoction on the level of symptom control in patients with bronchial asthma (asthma) treated with moderate and high dosage inhaled glucocorticoids (ICS).Methods:Randomized double-blind placebo controlled prospective study was used. Totally 90 patients with asthma (liver lung disharmony, wind phlegm blocking collateral syndrome) using moderate and high dosage ICS who met the inclusion criteria from January 2020 to December 2021 in Chaoyang District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing were divided into two groups according to random number table method, with 45 cases in each group. On the basis of using the original dosage of ICS, the treatment group used Tiaogan Lifei Decoction, while the control group used Tiaogan Lifei Decoction simulant. The course of treatment was 12 weeks. TCM symptom score of both group before and after the treatment was detected; asthma control test (ACT) was used to assess the effects of asthma on the patients; St George's Hospital Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) was used to assess patients' quality of life; the peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) was measured with a peak expiratory flow meter. 2 ml of venous blood was collected for eosinophil (EOS) detection, and the serum allergen specific IgE level was determined by ELISA. The adverse reactions were observed during the treatment and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.Results:During the test, 3 cases and 2 cases in the treatment group and control group lost prevention respectively. 3 cases in the treatment group and 6 cases in the control group withdrew from the trial because of the aggravation of symptoms and the need to increase the dosage of ICS. The total effective rate in the treatment group was 78.6% (33/42), and that in the control group was 55.8% (24/43), with statistical significance ( χ2=4.98, P=0.026). After treatment, the scores of daily activities, early awakening, control and total scores in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group ( t values were 1.76, 1.99, 2.00, 2.69, respectively, P<0.01 or P<0.05); after treatment, the scores of cough, chest tightness, active wheezing, upset, pharyngeal itch and total score in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group ( t values were -5.89, -6.01, -5.66, -4.27, -6.67, -9.05, respectively, P<0.01); SGRQ score in the treatment group was lower than that of the control group ( t=-7.19, P<0.01). No serious adverse reactions occurred during treatment in the two groups. Conclusion:Tiaogan Lifei Decoction is helpful to improve the symptom control level of asthma patients who are using ICS, and effectively improve the quality of life of patients with asthma of liver lung disharmony and wind phlegm obstructing collaterals syndrome.

Pathway analysis of medication belief, compliance and asthma control level in elderly patients with asthma / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the current situation of medication belief, compliance and asthma control level of elderly patients with asthma, and to analyze the influencing factors of asthma control level, so as to provide theoretical reference for improving asthma control level of elderly patients with asthma.Methods:Using the convenient sampling method, 325 elderly patients with asthma were selected from the respiratory clinic of Jilin Central Hospital and the Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University from June to December 2019. The general information, medication belief, compliance and the level of asthma control in elderly patients with asthma were evaluated by general information questionnaire, the specific medication beliefs scale (BMQ-S), Chinese bronchus Asthma medication adherence scale (MARS-A) and Asthma Control Test scale (ACT).Results:The scores of BMQ-S, MARS-A and ACT were (2.82±8.36), (3.67±0.85) and (17.96±5.10) respectively. Regression results showed that age, education level, medication belief and compliance were important influencing factors of asthma control level in elderly patients with asthma ( P<0.05 or 0.01), which could explain 77.9% of variation. The total score of asthma control level was positively correlated with the total score of belief in taking medicine and the total score of compliance ( r values were 0.704, 0.775, P<0.05). The structural equation model fit index between the necessity of medication belief, the concern of medication belief, the compliance and the level of asthma control was high, the path coefficient significantly ( P<0.05), compliance had a mediating effect between the necessity of medication belief and the level of asthma control. The direct and indirect effects of the necessity of medication belief on the level of asthma control in elderly asthmatics were 0.320 and 0.389 respectively, and the direct effect of medication belief concern on the level of asthma control was-0.089. Conclusions:The medication belief necessity and medication belief concern have a direct predictive effect on asthma control level in elderly patients with asthma, and compliance has a mediating effect between medication belief necessity and asthma control level.

A randomized controlled study of vitamin D3 supplementation on childhood asthma control / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on childhood asthma control for the purpose of providing a scientific basis for preventing the recurrence of childhood asthma.Methods A total of 92 children with asthma enrolled from January 2015 to December 2015 was divided into vitamin D group and placebo group by adopting double-blind randomized controlled design principles.Two groups were given a dose of 800 IU of vitamin D3 and placebo respectively,1 tablet per day for 2 months of treatment.The levels of asthma control and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and lung function index were examined at baseline,2 months and 6 months.Results A total of 83 patients completed the entire follow-up,including 43 patients in the vitamin D group and 40 patients in the placebo group.After 2 months,the level of asthma control in the vitamin D group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group(P=0.015) and the level of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 was also higher in the vitamin D group than in the placebo group(P=0.042).There was no significant difference of pulmonary function index between the two groups(P＞0.05).After 6 months,the level of asthma control in the vitamin D group was still higher than that in the placebo group with no significant difference(P=0.094).There was no significant difference in the level of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 between the two groups.The percentage of the less than 80％ peak expiratory flow rate(PEF％) was significantly decreased in the vitamin D group(P=0.029).Conclusion Short-term low-dose vitamin D supplement can enhance the level of asthma control and has positive clinical application value.

Influence of dose rate reference control level on the design of accelerator shielding / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To explore the influence of dose rate reference control level on the design of accelerator shielding.Methods According to the standards of GBZ 126-2011,GBZ/T 201.1-2007 and GBZ/T 201.2-2011,two different shielding calculation methods,based on the dose rate reference control level and week dose control level,were used to calculate and compare the thickness of accelerator room shielding.Results Under the same condition of maximum weekly workload,the obtained results were different when the calculated dose rate reference control value was larger than dose rate reference control level (2.5 μSv/h).The maximum difference of shielding thickness reached 64 cm.Meanwhile,considering dose rate reference control level,the different accelerator rates could lead to different radiation shielding thickness.Conclusions The dose rate at reference point must be first calculated before calculating shielding thickness.The calculation should be made on the premise that dose rate reference control level is met.

Validation of Assay Indicating Method Development of Simvastatin in Bulk and its Tablet Dosage form by RP-HPLC.

A novel, simple and economic reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed for the estimation of Simvastatin in bulk and tablet dosage form with greater precision and accuracy. Separation was achieved on Develosil ODS HG-5 RP C18, (150cmx4.6mm i.d. 5m) column in isocratic mode with mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile :phosphate buffer(pH 3.0) (85:15) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The detection was carried out at 236 nm. The retention time of Simvastatin was found to be 5.84 min. The method was validated as per ICH guidelines.Linearity was established for Simvastatin in the range 10 – 100 μg / ml with R2 value 0.99. The percentage recovery of Simvastatin was found to be in the range 99.19-99.67 %. The high recovery and low relative standard deviation confirm the suitability of the proposed method for the estimation of the drug in bulk and tablet dosage forms. The LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.341 and 1.023 μg/ml respectively.Validation studies demonstrated that the proposed RP-HPLC method is simple, specific, rapid, reliable and reproducible for the determination of Simvastatin for Quality Control level.

Sequential sampling of Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Frankliniella schultzei Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on cotton crop

The goal of this research was to use the sequential probability ratio test to establish a sequential sampling plan for Aphis gossypii Glover and Frankliniella schultzei Trybom infesting cotton. Field work was conducted at the agricultural experimental station of the Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados during the 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 agricultural years. Aphid colonies and individual thrips in the sampling area were counted and their numbers were recorded. The spatial distribution pattern of A. gossypii and F. schultzei in the cotton culture was aggregated. Sequential sampling plans were developed for aphids and thrips with type I and type II errors set at 0.1, common Kc = 0.6081 (aphids) and = 0. 9449 (thrips), and safety and management levels of 20 percent (aphids) and 40 percent (thrips) of infested plants. The sampling plans resulted in two decision boundaries for each species, as follows: the upper boundary, indicating when management (population control) is recommended: S1 = 4.6546 + 0.2849n (aphids), and S1 = 3.6514 + 0.1435n (thrips); and the lower boundary, indicating when population control is not necessary: S0 = -4.6546 + 0.2849n (aphids) and S0 = - 3.6514 + 0.1435n (thrips). The highest probability of error when making a decision was 3 percent for aphids and 2 percent for thrips, respectively. The maximum number of samples required to reach a decision was 63 for aphids and 95 for thrips.

Factors associated with uncontrolled asthma in Porto Alegre, Brazil

The prevalence of uncontrolled and controlled asthma, and the factors associated with uncontrolled asthma were investigated in a cross-sectional study. Patients aged 11 years with confirmed asthma diagnosis were recruited from the outpatient asthma clinic of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil. Patients were excluded if they had other chronic pulmonary disease. They underwent an evaluation by a general questionnaire, an asthma control questionnaire (based on the 2006 Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines), assessment of inhaled device technique and pulmonary function tests. Asthma was controlled in 48 of 275 patients (17.5 percent), partly controlled in 74 (26.9 percent) and uncontrolled in 153 (55.6 percent). In the univariate analysis, asthma severity was associated with asthma control (P < 0.001). Availability of asthma medications was associated with asthma control (P = 0.01), so that most patients who could purchase medications had controlled asthma, while patients who depend on the public health system for access to medications had lower rates of controlled asthma. The use of inhaled corticosteroid was lower in the uncontrolled group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis identified three factors associated with uncontrolled asthma: severity of asthma (OR = 5.33, P < 0.0001), access to medications (OR = 1.97, P = 0.025) and use of inhaled corticosteroids (OR = 0.17, P = 0.030). This study showed a high rate of uncontrolled asthma in patients who attended an outpatient asthma clinic. Severity of asthma, access to medications and adequate use of inhaled corticosteroids were associated with the degree of asthma control.

Safety and Quality Management of Medical Laser Equipment / 医疗卫生装备

Medical laser equipment are widely used in clinic with significant improvement in medical technologies.Security incidents in clinic take place frequently,so safety standards should be standardized.According to the experience in working,dynamic management processes to upgrade the safety control level in using medical laser equipment are expounded.The ultimate purpose is to achieve more effective safety and quality management.