The Brazilian version of the High-Activity Arthroplasty Score: cross-cultural adaptation

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The High Activity Arthroplasty Score (HAAS) is a self-administered questionnaire, developed in British English, that reliably and validly measures the levels of sports activities in patients following hip and knee arthroplasty surgery. OBJECTIVE: To cross-culturally adapt the HAAS to Brazilian Portuguese language. DESIGN AND SETTING: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a public university hospital in Brazil. METHODS: The Brazilian version of the HAAS was created through a six-step process: translation, synthesis, committee review, pretesting, back-translation, and submission to developers. The translation step was conducted by two independent bilingual translators, both native speakers of Brazilian Portuguese. The back-translation was performed by an independent translator, a native speaker of British English. To ensure the questionnaire's comprehensibility, 46 volunteers (51% men; average age 34-63) participated in the pre-testing step. RESULTS: The cross-cultural adaptation process necessitated modifications to certain terms and expressions to achieve cultural equivalence with the original HAAS. CONCLUSION: The HAAS has been translated from English into Brazilian Portuguese and culturally adapted for Brazil. The validation process for HAAS-Brazil is currently underway.

Brazilian adaptation of the McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder

Abstract Objective Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a serious and extremely prevalent mental disorder. Early diagnosis is vital for treatment. However, there are no specific screening instruments validated for Brazilian Portuguese. This study aimed to adapt the McLean Screening Instrument for Borderline Personality Disorder (MSI-BPD) to the Brazilian context. The MSI-BPD is a self-report instrument based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5), that enables fast and reliable assessment of BPD, with measures of sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP) similar to the diagnostic interview for the DSM-5 (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-V Axis II Disorders [SCID-II]), taken as the gold standard. Methods Two independent translations, a synthesis version, back-translation, and analysis by experts were employed to create the final version of the instrument in Brazilian Portuguese. The translated instrument was administered to 1,702 adults aged 18-59 years to verify evidence of validity relating to content, internal structure, relationship with other variables, and reliability. Results The exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses show that the one-factor structure is adequate. The scale showed satisfactory internal consistency (Kuder-Richardson coefficient [KR-20] of Cronbach's alpha = 0.691) and good test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC] = 0.802). Logistic regression analysis using the Personality Inventory for the DSM-5-Brief Form (PID-5-BF) (DSM-5) as reference established an ideal cut-off point of eight symptoms, with adequate SN (0.79) and SP (0.75), similar to the original instrument. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.830 (95% confidence interval: 0.802-0.858), with a positive predictive value of 89.2%. Conclusion The Brazilian version of the MSI-BPD has adequate psychometric properties for use as a BPD screening tool by clinicians.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH) to Brazilian Portuguese and its psychometric properties—A multicenter cross-sectional study

Abstract Objective To adapt the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH) to the Brazilian language and culture and to assess its psychometric properties. Results The scale was evaluated by 15 experts, and 239 patients from three tertiary hospitals in Rio de Janeiro. All participants signed a consent form. Data have shown adequacy of the model (KMO=0.839, Bartlett's test of sphericity: χ2(171) = 2241.3, p = 0.000010), good adjusted content validity (CVCa ≥ 0.90), internal consistency and reliability, such as α = 0.927. Discussion CuPDPH is a rating scale on observable professional attitudes. Illnesses change lives and impose adaptation to a new situation, perceived as depersonalization, leading patients to try to regain control of their lives. Patients expressed "ill will" to fill out the scale. Psychiatric patients' scale filling time was higher than others. A sample from three Rio de Janeiro third-level hospitals may not reflect the country's population; also, this adaptation may not comprise all linguistic variations of Brazilian Portuguese and Portuguese-speaking countries. Conclusion The Portuguese version of the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH), a 19-item, six-component version is a reliable instrument to measure the perception of internal medicine, surgical, and psychiatric patients on the maintenance of their dignity in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This knowledge could be used in advancing research on patients' perception of dignity, as well as professional ethical competencies, staff-patient relationship skills, and leadership development in medical and other healthcare professional education.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Neonatal Medical Index (NMI) to Brazil / Adaptação transcultural do Neonatal Medical Index (NMI) para o Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: To perform a cross-cultural adaptation and assess the content validity of the Neonatal Medical Index (NMI) for the Brazilian context. Methods: The cross-cultural adaptation was completed in six steps, including translation, synthesis of translations, back translation, submission to an expert committee, testing of the prefinal version, and appraisal by the original author. The expert committee assessed the equivalence between versions based on the percentage of agreement, and content validity was evaluated using the content validity index (CVI) for each item of the scale (I-CVI) and for the overall scale (S-CVI) in terms of representativeness and clarity. Participants of the prefinal version also evaluated the CVI for clarity. Results: After two evaluation rounds of the expert committee it was attained 98% agreement, attesting to the equivalence between the instrument versions, maximum values for representativeness I-CVI and S-CVI/Ave (1.00), and high values for clarity I-CVI (all items ≥0.97) and S-CVI/Ave (0.98). The expert committee members defined that the Brazilian version of the instrument would be called Índice Clínico Neonatal (NMI-Br). The NMI-Br reached high values of CVI for clarity (all I-CVI ≥0.86 and S-CVI/Ave=0.99) among the participants of the prefinal version. Conclusions: The NMI-Br is the Brazilian version of the NMI, obtained in a rigorous cross-cultural validation process, counting with adequate values of content validity.

RESUMO Objetivo: Realizar a adaptação transcultural e avaliar a validade de conteúdo do Neonatal Medical Index (NMI) para o contexto brasileiro. Métodos: A adaptação transcultural foi realizada em seis etapas, incluindo tradução, síntese das traduções, retrotradução, submissão a um comitê de especialistas, teste da versão pré-final e avaliação do autor original. O comitê de especialistas avaliou a equivalência entre as versões com base na porcentagem de concordância, e a validade de conteúdo foi avaliada por meio do índice de validade de conteúdo (IVC) para cada item da escala (I-IVC) e para a escala geral (S-IVC) em termos de representatividade e clareza. Os participantes da versão pré-final também avaliaram o IVC quanto à clareza. Resultados: Após duas rodadas de avaliação do comitê de especialistas obteve-se 98% de concordância, atestando a equivalência entre as versões do instrumento, valores máximos para representatividade I-IVC e S-IVC/Ave (1,00) e altos valores para clareza I-IVC (todos os itens ≥0,97) e S-IVC/Ave (0,98). Os membros do comitê de especialistas definiram que a versão brasileira do instrumento se chamaria Índice Clínico Neonatal (NMI-Br). O NMI-Br alcançou altos valores de IVC para clareza (todos I-IVC ≥0,86 e S-IVC/Ave=0,99) entre os participantes da versão pré-final. Conclusões: O NMI-Br é a versão brasileira do NMI, obtido em rigoroso processo de validação transcultural, contando com valores adequados de validade de conteúdo.

Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of the Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure for the Brazilian context

Abstract Introduction The Iowa-Netherlands Comparison Orientation Measure (INCOM) was developed to measure individual differences in social comparison orientation and has been widely used in research and various different settings. Objectives The aim of this study was to adapt the online version of the INCOM and to evaluate its psychometric parameters when applied to a Brazilian population of university students. Methods The procedures were divided into two steps: step 1 - cross-cultural adaptation and analysis of content validity, and step 2 - assessment of psychometric characteristics. Step 1 comprised the processes of translation, evaluation by an expert committee, evaluation by the target population, and back-translation. For step 2, 1,065 university students were recruited and then factor analysis, analysis of reliability, and analysis of validity based on external measures were performed. Results The adaptation process yielded satisfactory results, including good indicators of content validity. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-dimensional structure and adequate factor loadings, except for item 11, which was excluded from the final version. Additionally, the final version of the scale had adequate fit indices (χ2 = 148.45, degrees of freedom [df] = 26; p < 0.001; root mean square error of approximation [RMSEA] = 0.06; comparative fit index [CFI] = 0.99; and Tucker-Lewis index [TLI] = 0.98). Evidence of reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.83) was observed and there were positive correlations with negative affect (r = 0.36) and negative correlations with positive affect and self-esteem (r = -0.15; r = -0.41, respectively). Conclusion The Brazilian version of the INCOM presents satisfactory psychometric parameters and can thus be used to measure social comparison orientation.

Revisión narrativa de escalas para cribado de trastorno obsesivo compulsivo y adaptación cultural uruguaya / Revisione narrativa delle scale di screening dei disturbi disturbo ossessivo compulsivo e adattamento culturale uruguaiano

El trastorno obsesivo compulsivo es diagnosticado tardíamente, factor que empeora su pronóstico. Contar con una escala de cribado facilitaría el diagnóstico oportuno. Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron seleccionar la escala más adecuada para cribado de trastorno obsesivo compulsivo en adultos y someterla a un proceso de adaptación cultural uruguaya. Se efectuó una revisión narrativa de escalas diseñadas para cribado de este trastorno en Internet, entre febrero y mayo de 2021. Las escalas fueron analizadas según una lista de criterios preestablecidos, que permitió descartar progresivamente aquellas que no reunían las condiciones: extensión menor a 30 ítems, método autoaplicado, adecuadas propiedades psicométricas, punto de corte establecido para la detección, incluir las temáticas y presentaciones características de la patología. Seleccionado el inventario, se efectuó su traducción directa y reversa, y revisión conceptual por comité de expertas. Fue seleccionada la escala Florida Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (FOCI), que presenta buena apariencia lógica, lenguaje accesible y una sensibilidad del 92 % para detección de trastorno obsesivo compulsivo. De su adaptación cultural se obtuvo una versión preliminar en lenguaje regional. La versión preliminar de FOCI deberá ser testeada cualitativamente en estudio piloto, donde será completada por usuarios con trastorno obsesivo compulsivo, para obtener una versión regional equivalente a la original.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder is diagnosed late, a factor that worsens its prognosis. Having a screening scale would facilitate timely diagnosis. The objectives are to select the most appropriate scale for obsessive-compulsive disorder screening in adults and submit it to a process of Uruguaiyan cultural adaptation. Between February and May 2021, a narrative review of scales designed for that disorder screening on the Internet was carried out. The scales were analyzed according to a list of pre-established criteria, which made it possible to progressively discard those that did not meet the conditions: an extension less than 30 items, self-applied method, adequate psychometric properties, cut-off point established for the detection, including the topics and characteristic presentations of the pathology. Once the inventory was selected, its direct and reverse translation was carried out, as well as a conceptual review by a committee of experts. The Florida Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (FOCI) scale was selected, which presents good logical appearance, accessible language and a sensitivity of 92 % for obsessive-compulsive disorder screening. From its cultural adaptation, a preliminary version in regional language was obtained. The preliminary version of FOCI must be qualitatively tested in a pilot study, where it will be completed by users with obsessive-compulsive disorder, in order to obtain a regional version equivalent to the original.

Consensus Auditory Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V): revisión sistemática de los métodos utilizados para su adaptación y validación

Introducción: CAPE-V es ampliamente utilizado para evaluación perceptual vocal y ha sido adaptado y validado en múltiples idiomas. A través de un análisis exhaustivo, este estudio buscó avanzar en establecer un estándar en el método utilizado para su adaptación y validación. Objetivo: Revisar los artículos publicados entre 2002 y 2022 que han adaptado y validado CAPE-V a distintos idiomas, para evaluar exhaustivamente la adaptación, metodología y estadísticas utilizadas. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática utilizando Scopus, Google Scholar y PubMed para identificar artículos que adaptaran y/o validaran CAPE-V entre 2002 y 2022. Se analizó el título y resumen para preseleccionar la muestra. Para evaluar el riesgo de sesgo de los estudios incluidos se analizó de forma crítica el texto completo. Resultados: La búsqueda inicial identificó 568 artículos. Al eliminar duplicados se revisaron 559 y 23 fueron preseleccionados. 12 se incluyeron finalmente y fueron analizados, considerando adaptación, metodología y análisis estadístico. Los resultados revelan que la adaptación y validación de CAPE-V a diversos idiomas es fundamental para garantizar mediciones precisas y confiables en diferentes poblaciones. Análisis y discusión: Existe heterogeneidad en la forma de realizar la adaptación y validación de CAPE-V. No obstante, todos los estudios tuvieron éxito en producir resultados válidos, subrayando la importancia de estos procesos para la práctica clínica. Conclusiones: Las adaptaciones y validaciones de CAPE-V se realizaron heterogéneamente por ausencia de un protocolo estándar. Es necesario generar orientaciones para realizar estos procesos por el aporte de esta escala a la clínica, asegurando calidad y confiabilidad de los resultados.

Introduction: CAPE-V is widely used for vocal perceptual evaluation and has been adapted and validated in multiple languages. Through an exhaustive analysis, this study sought to advance in establishing a standard in the method used in its adaptation and validation. Objective: To review articles published between 2002 and 2022 that have adapted and validated CAPE-V in different languages, to thoroughly evaluate the adaptation, methodology, and statistics used. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using Scopus, Google Scholar and PubMed to identify articles that adapted and/or validated CAPE-V between 2002 and 2022. The title and summary were analyzed to pre-select the sample. To evaluate the risk of bias of the included studies, the full text was critically analyzed. Results: The initial search identified 568 items. When duplicates were removed, 559 were reviewed and 23 were pre-selected. 12 were finally included and analyzed considering adaptation, methodology, and statistical analysis. The results show that the adaptation and validation of CAPE-V to different languages is essential to ensure accurate and reliable measurements in different populations. Analysis and discussion: There is heterogeneity in how CAPE-V is adapted and validated. However, all studies were successful in producing valid results, underlining the importance of these processes for clinical practice. Conclusions: Adaptations and validations of CAPE-V were performed heterogeneously due to the absence of a standard protocol. It is necessary to generate guidelines to perform these processes by providing this scale to the clinic, ensuring quality and reliability of results.

Adaptación cultural y validación del Job Contents Questionnaire (JCQ) para trabajadores argentinos

El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en realizar la adaptación cultural y el estudio psicométrico de la versión española del Job Contents Questionnaire en trabajadores de Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires y de Gran Buenos Aires. La muestra se conformó de 331 (70% es de género femenino y 30% es de género masculino, media de edad de 33,15, DS=11,84). Primero se realizó una adaptación cultural mediante la evaluación de jueces expertos y una prueba piloto. La versión adaptada se conformó de 29 ítems. Para evaluar el comportamiento de los ítems se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio bajo la modalidad de correlaciones policóricas aplicando el método de mínimos cuadrados no ponderados (ULS) con un método de rotación Varimax. El instrumento quedó constituido por 21 ítems que se adecúan al modelo propuesto por Karasek. Los ítems que componen el factor Demandas (5), Control (6) y Apoyo Social (10). Los resultados evidencian criterios de validez aparente, de contenido y de constructo, con excelentes índices de fiabilidad (alfas ordinales mayores a .86). Además, se evidenció validez externa tomando como medida de criterio la escala de Ansiedad Estado del STAI. El instrumento presentó propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias para su aplicación en el contexto local.

This article aims to present the cultural adaptation and the psychometric study of the Spanish version of the Job Contents Questionnaire (JCQ, originally built by Karasek) for workers from the Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires and Gran Buenos Aires. The sample consisted on 331 workers (70% are female and 30% are male, mean age of 33.15, SD=11,84). In the first instance, a cultural adaptation was carried out based on the evaluation of expert judges and a pilot test. The adapted version was made up of 29 items. To evaluate the behavior of the items, an exploratory factor analysis was performed under the polychoric correlation modality, applying the unweighted least squares (ULS) method with a Varimax rotation method. The instrument was made up of 21 items that fit the model proposed by Karasek. In summary, the items that make up the factor Demands (5), Control (6) and Social Support (10). The results show face, content and construct validity criteria, with excellent reliability indices (ordinal alphas greater than .86). In addition, external validity was evidenced by taking the STAI State Anxiety scale as a criterion measure. The instrument presented satisfactory psychometric properties for its application in the local context.

O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar a adaptação cultural e o estudo psicométrico da versão em espanhol do Job Contents Questionnaire em trabalhadores da Cidade Autônoma de Buenos Aires e Grande Buenos Aires. A amostra foi composta por 331 (70% do sexo feminino e 30% do sexo masculino, média de idade de 33,15, DP=11,84). Primeiramente, foi realizada uma adaptação cultural por meio da avaliação de juízes especialistas e um teste piloto. A versão adaptada foi composta por 29 itens. Para avaliar o comportamento dos itens, foi realizada uma análise fatorial exploratória sob a modalidade de correlação policórica, aplicando-se o método dos mínimos quadrados não ponderados (ULS) com um método de rotação Varimax. O instrumento foi composto por 21 itens que se enquadram no modelo proposto por Karasek. Os itens que compõem o fator Demandas (5), Controle (6) e Apoio Social (10). Os resultados mostram critérios de validade de face, conteúdo e construto, com excelentes índices de confiabilidade (alfas ordinais maiores que 0,86). Além disso, a validade externa foi evidenciada tomando-se a escala STAI State Anxiety como medida de critério. O instrumento apresentou propriedades psicométricas satisfatórias para sua aplicação no contexto local.

Linguistic and Content Validation of the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) 3.0 in Three Languages

@#Introduction: A stroke can have devastating consequences and may reduce the Quality of Life (QoL) of stroke survivors. Specific QoL measurement is therefore needed to appreciate and quantify the impact of this condition. The objective of the study is to culturally adapt, translate and validate the Bahasa Melayu, Mandarin and Tamil versions of the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) 3.0 for its application in clinical practice and stroke research in Malaysia. Methods: A total of nine translators translated the SIS 3.0 and five professional experts carried out the linguistic validation of the SIS 3.0 in accordance with the Mapi Research Institute’s linguistic validation guideline. The steps for linguistic validation included forward translation, synthesis, backward translation, clinicians’ review, and cognitive debriefing. Ten to thirteen healthcare practitioners rated the translated versions of SIS 3.0 using the Content Validity Index (CVI) and Content Validity Ratio (CVR). Results: During the translation processes, concerns were expressed about various grammatical and semantic issues, such as the appropriateness of some phrases used for the Malaysian demographic. The Scale-CVI average was 0.91 and 0.95 for relevance and clarity respectively which indicated excellent content validity. The CVR values ranged from 0.40 to 1.00. Conclusion: The Bahasa Melayu, Mandarin and Tamil versions of SIS 3.0 was well developed. The translated versions of SIS 3.0 could be adopted in clinical, community and educational settings. Nevertheless, further in-depth psychometric testing including construct validity and reliability on a larger sample among the multi-ethic Malaysians stroke survivors is advised.

Issues and solutions of general practice education for international medical students in China / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Under the background of internationalization of medical education in China, the general medical education for foreign students started relatively late. At present, there are still some problems in it, such as imperfect curriculum system, lack of unified and standardized textbooks, inadequate language skills of community teachers, difficulties in carrying out practical courses, and cultural differences. Based on the current situation of general practice education for international students in China, this article proposes the following solutions: to insist on standardizing quality management and construct scientific training schemes; to understand the present situation of primary medical and health services in their country of origin, promote cultural integration, and actively explore the fit between training and demand; to write bilingual textbooks suitable for practical needs; to overcome language barriers and build a team of community teachers that speak English; to adopt flexible and diversified teaching modes and comprehensively improve the quality of general practice teaching for international students, so as to promote the communication and dissemination of basic medical and health concepts in China.

Translation, adaptation, and validation of the Filipino version of the Telehealth Usability (TUQ-F)

Introduction@#Telemedicine services have steadily been relied upon since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding its usability and contextual performance is of paramount importance if it were to pervade the local health delivery system. Hence, a tool to assess usability is warranted. @*Objective@#The study aims to adapt a reliable and validated instrument in English to Filipino, the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ), on evaluating the usability of telemedicine services in the Philippines. @*Methodology@#The research is a translation and validation study. The methodology includes forward translation in collaboration with our UST Sentro sa Salin at Araling Salin and expert panel review with five experts using the telehealth system. It was followed by pretesting (pilot testing and cognitive debriefing) of the pre-final tool to 30 family medicine telehealth patients and field testing of the final instrument to 85 telehealth patients from USTH. Appropriate statistical methods for assessment included internal consistency, content validity and linguistic with conceptual equivalence. @*Results@#All translated items were retained, but through the focus group discussion, several statements were modified to fit the cultural context. Each item and the overall tool showed excellent validity and internal consistency. The mean difference scores for each item and domain were less than ±0.25. Tests of equivalence showed that majority of items and each domain were not statistically different (p>0.05), suggesting that both questionnaires are similar and homogenous. Furthermore, the Bland-Altman plots for each dimension/domain are within the upper and lower boundaries indicating agreement between the two versions. @*Conclusion@#TUQ-Filipino is a valid and appropriate instrument to assess telehealth usability in the local setting.

Tradução e Adaptação Cultural do School Companion Sensory Profile 2 para Crianças e Jovens Brasileiros / Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the School Companion Sensory Profile 2 for Brazilian Children and Youths

RESUMO: Este estudo objetivou adaptar culturalmente, verificar a confiabilidade e sugerir um escore normativo do School Companion Sensory Profile 2 (SCSP-2) para crianças e jovens brasileiros de 3 a 14 anos e 11 meses. O SCSP-2 foi adaptado culturalmente para o Brasil seguindo as etapas de tradução inicial (dois tradutores independentes), tradução conciliada (dois integrantes do comitê técnico), análise de equivalência (quatro especialistas em integração sensorial), retrotradução (dois tradutores de língua materna inglesa), aprovação da autora e pré-teste. O pré-teste verificou a clareza e a compreensão (desdobramento cognitivo/validade de face) e a confiabilidade (equivalência interexaminadores, consistência interna e reprodutibilidade) da versão traduzida, com a participação de 74 professores que responderam ao questionário referente a 146 crianças. Os itens apresentaram índice de concordância acima de 75% no desdobramento cognitivo. A equivalência interexaminadores e teste-reteste apresentaram K ≥ 0,88 em todos os itens pesquisados. Observaram-se valores aceitáveis de consistência interna em quase todas as áreas sensoriais, quadrantes de procura sensorial e sensibilidade sensorial e no fator escolar 2. Os escores preliminares brasileiros são distintos dos americanos. O SCSP-2 adaptado para o Brasil apresenta evidências de validade baseada no conteúdo, além de boa consistência interna, possibilitando identificar problemas de processamento sensorial em crianças e jovens brasileiros.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to adapt culturally, verify the reliability, and suggest a normative score for the School Companion Sensory Profile 2 (SCSP-2) for Brazilian children and youths aged 3 to 14 years and 11 months. The SCSP-2 was culturally adapted for Brazil following the steps of initial translation (two independent translators), reconciled translation (two members of the technical committee), equivalence analysis (four experts in sensory integration), back-translation (two English mother tongue translators), author approval and pre-test. The pre-test verified the clarity and understanding (cognitive unfolding/face validity) and reliability (inter-examiner equivalence, internal consistency, and reproducibility) of the translated version, with the participation of 74 teachers who answered the questionnaire referring to 146 children. The items showed an agreement rate above 75% in cognitive unfolding/face validity. The inter-examiner and test-retest equivalence showed K ≥ 0.88 in all items surveyed. Acceptable internal consistency values were observed in almost all sensory areas, quadrants of sensory seeking and sensory sensitivity, and in the school factor 2. The Brazilian preliminary scores are different from the American ones. The SCSP-2 adapted for Brazil presents evidence of content-based validity and good internal consistency, making it possible to identify sensory processing problems in Brazilian children and youths.

Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the Big Five Inventory

Abstract Introduction There is growing interest in the fields of psychiatry and psychology in investigating the relationship between personality and psychopathology. The Big-5 is a model developed to investigate five personality dimensions: Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness. In the present study, we describe the process of translation into Brazilian Portuguese and adaptation of a free tool to evaluate the Big-5 model: The Big-5 Inventory (BFI). The instrument has 44 items with a Likert response scale ranging from 1 to 5. Objectives To translate and adapt the BFI into Brazilian Portuguese. Methods The adaptation was conducted in the following steps: 1) Translation, 2) Evaluation Committee, 3) Back-translation, 4) Pilot study, 5) Evaluation Committee, and 6) Application. The sample comprised 490 participants from various regions of Brazil. The participants' ages ranged from 18 to 71 years, most of them had completed high school (62.9%), and the majority were women (75%). Results A model with the following fit indexes was found: χ2/df: 1.954; goodness fit index (GFI): 0.924; comparative fit index (CFI): 0.920; and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA): 0.044. Conclusion The results are suggestive that the Brazilian version of this instrument has good psychometric properties and represent a cost-free option for investigating associations with the Big-5 in psychiatry.

Cross-cultural adaptation, content validity, and item analysis of the Objective and Subjective Knowledge and HIV Testing Scale for the Brazilian population

Abstract Objectives To propose a Portuguese version of the Objective and Subjective Knowledge and HIV Testing Scale (OSK-HIV-TS), assess its content validity, and perform item analysis after administration to a sample of undergraduate students. Methods Three translators translated the OSK-HIV-TS into Portuguese. Judges evaluated each item of a consensus version of the translated instrument for semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual equivalence. A consensus committee reviewed a back-translation against the original version of the OSK-HIV-TS. Content validity was calculated with the content validity index (CVI) and item analysis was conducted using Classical Test Theory (CTT). Results The translated scale achieved semantic, idiomatic, conceptual, and cultural equivalence to the original version. A total of 491 undergraduate students participated and the distribution of students' responses to the OSK-HIV-TS revealed a high proportion of correct answers. All items were classified as easy or very easy and only item 16 was classified having strong discrimination power according to the discrimination index. Conclusion The OSK-HIV-TS is a novel instrument in the Brazilian literature for assessing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) knowledge and should inspire more research into HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) behavior and associated factors, which, despite being essential and necessary, is still lacking in the Brazilian literature.

Adaptação transcultural e análise das propriedades psicométricas do Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire - HeartQoL com indivíduos brasileiros submetidos à correção cirúrgica de valvopatias / Cross-cultural adaptation and analysis of the psychometric properties of the Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire - HeartQoL with Brazilian individuals undergoing valve surgery repair

Introdução: As doenças valvares representam a segunda maior indicação de intervenções cirúrgicas cardíacas no Brasil e no mundo. Nesse sentido, a avaliação da qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde (QVRS) após a correção cirúrgica de valvopatias, por meio de instrumentos de medidas em saúde específicos e válidos para este público, tem se tornado emergente na prática clínica, com vistas à avaliação do referido construto. Durante a revisão de literatura, encontramos o Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire - HeartQoL, validado em diversos países e em distintos idiomas, todavia, o mesmo não foi adaptado para o português falado no Brasil com esta população específica. Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi realizar a adaptação transcultural e analisar as propriedades psicométricas do HeartQoL com indivíduos brasileiros submetidos à correção cirúrgica de valvopatias. Método: Trata-se de estudo metodológico, apreciado pelos Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa das instituições envolvidas. O processo de adaptação transcultural foi realizado conforme o referencial teórico adotado. As amostras consecutivas e não probabilísticas foram constituídas, nas três etapas, por pacientes atendidos no Ambulatório de Valvopatias do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre 2022 e 2023, por meio de entrevistas, com 30 pacientes, para a análise semântica do questionário, com outros 30 pacientes, para a realização do pré-teste, e com 140 pacientes, para avaliação das propriedades psicométricas. A validade de construto foi realizada por meio da correlação de Spearman entre o escore global e os domínios do HeartQoL, com os componentes físico e mental do Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). A validade estrutural, ou dimensionalidade, foi realizada pela análise fatorial confirmatória, e a avaliação da confiabilidade, por meio do coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach, para a verificação da consistência interna. Para as análises, foi adotado o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A versão adaptada para o português falado no Brasil apresentou-se equivalente à versão original em inglês do questionário. Apresentou evidências de validade de conteúdo a partir da avaliação do comitê de juízes e do pré-teste na amostra elegível para essa etapa. Além disso, apresentou evidências de validade de construto convergente, com correlações positivas e de forte magnitude entre o domínios físico do HeartQoL e o componente físico do SF-36, e entre o domínio emocional do HeartQoL e o componente mental do SF-36. Também apresentou evidências de validade estrutural a partir da confirmação do modelo estrutural com 14 itens e dois domínios e com índices de ajustes satisfatórios (x2 = 118,85; g.l. = 76; p = 0,0012; RMSEA = 0,0635; SRMR = 0,0440; CFI = 0,9604; TLI = 0,9526). Apresentou evidência de confiabilidade a partir do coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach, com valores satisfatórios na avaliação global (α = 0,93) e na avaliação por domínio (físico: α = 0,92; emocional: α = 0,83). Conclusão: O questionário está adaptado culturalmente para o português falado no Brasil, e possui evidências de validade e de confiabilidade comparáveis à versão original quando testadas em pacientes após a correção cirúrgica de valvopatias.

Introduction: Valve diseases represent the second major indication for cardiac surgery in Brazil and worldwide. In this regard, the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after valve surgery repair, through specific and valid health measurement instruments for this public, has become emerging in clinical practice, with a view to assessing the said construct. During the literature review, we found the Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire - HeartQoL, validated in several countries and in different languages, however, it was not adapted to Brazilian Portuguese with this specific population. Objective: The study aimed to carry out the cross-cultural adaptation and analyze the psychometric properties of HeartQoL with Brazilian individuals undergoing valve surgery repair. Method: This is a methodological study, assessed by the Research Ethics Committees of the institutions involved. The cross-cultural adaptation process was carried out according to the adopted theoretical framework. Consecutive and non-probabilistic samples were constituted, in the three stages, by patients assisted at the Valvopathies Ambulatory of the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo. Data collection took place between 2022 and 2023, through interviews, with 30 patients, for the semantic analysis of the questionnaire, with another 30 patients, for the pre-test, and with 140 patients, for assessing psychometric properties. Construct validity was performed using Spearman's correlation between the global score and the HeartQoL domains, with the physical and mental components of the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Structural validity, or dimensionality, was performed using confirmatory factor analysis, and reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient to verify internal consistency. For the analyses, a significance level of 5% was adopted. Results: The adapted version for Brazilian Portuguese was equivalent to the original English version of the questionnaire. It presented evidence of content validity based on assessment by committee of judges and the pre-test in the sample eligible for this stage. Moreover, it presented evidence of convergent construct validity with positive and strong correlations between the HeartQoL physical domains and the SF-36 physical component, and between the HeartQoL emotional domain and the SF-36 mental component. It also presented evidence of structural validity from the confirmation of the structural model with 14 items and two domains and with satisfactory adjustment indices (x2 = 118.85; g.l. = 76; p = 0.0012; RMSEA = 0.0635; SRMR = 0.0440; CFI = 0.9604; TLI = 0.9526). It showed evidence of reliability based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient, with satisfactory values in the global assessment (α = 0.93) and in the assessment by domain (physical: α = 0.92; emotional: α = 0.83). Conclusion: The questionnaire is culturally adapted to Brazilian Portuguese, and has evidence of validity and reliability comparable to the original version when tested in patients after valve surgery repair.

Escala de Crenças sobre Educação Sexual (ECES): evidências de validade no Brasil / Sex Education Belief Scale (SEBS): evidence of validity in Brazil / Escala de Creencias de Educación Sexual (ECES): evidencia de validez en Brasil

Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar a adaptação transcultural e produzir evidências de validade de uma escala para medir crenças sobre educação sexual no contexto brasileiro. Participaram desta pesquisa 580 universitários de cursos de licenciaturas, que responderam a um questionário contendo a versão adaptada da escala. Foram realizados procedimentos para adaptação transcultural do instrumento original e uma Análise Fatorial Exploratória (AFE) do instrumento adaptado. A versão final da Escala de Crenças sobre Educação Sexual (ECES), composta por dez itens distribuídos em um único fator com uma capacidade de explicação de variância de 47,9%, apresentou boas evidências de validade e fidedignidade, com coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0,895 e boa conexão com um instrumento correlato. Os resultados indicam que a ECES consiste em uma boa ferramenta de medida, contextualizada com a realidade brasileira

In view of the debate on sexuality education in schools, this study aim to perform cross-cultural adaptation and produce evidence of the validity of a scale to measure beliefs about sex education in the Brazilian context. A total of 580 university students participated in the study and answered a questionnaire containing the adapted version of the scale. Procedures were performed for cross-cultural adaptation of the original instrument and an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the adapted instrument. The final version of the Sex Education Belief Scale (ECES), consisting of ten items distributed in a single factor with an explanatory capacity of variance of 47.9%, showed good evidence of validity and reliability, with a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.895 and good connection with a related instrument. The results indicate that the SSEBS consists of a good measurement tool, contextualized with the Brazilian reality

Ante el debate sobre educación sexual en las escuelas, este estudio tiene como objetivo realizar una adaptación transcultural y producir evidencia de la validez de una escala para medir las creencias sobre la educación sexual en el contexto brasileño. El estudio incluyó a 580 estudiantes universitarios que respondieron un cuestionario que contenía la versión adaptada de la escala. Se realizaron procedimientos para la adaptación transcultural del instrumento original y una Análisis Factorial Exploratoria (AFE) del instrumento adaptado. La versión final de la Escala de Creencias de Educación Sexual (ECES), que consta de diez ítems distribuidos en un solo factor con una capacidad explicativa de variación del 47.9%, mostró buena evidencia de validez y confiabilidad, con un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach de 0.895 y buena conexión con un instrumento correlacionado. Los resultados indican que el ECES consiste en una buena herramienta de medición, contextualizada con la realidad brasileña

Adaptação e validade de conteúdo da prova de consciência fonológica para Moçambique / Adaptation and content validity of the phonological awareness test for Mozambique / Adaptación y validez de contenido de la prueba de conciencia fonológica para Mozambique

Phonological awareness is a very important skill for performance in reading, writing and mathematics, suggesting that it is monitored and evaluated preferably during preschool as a form of early intervention to prevent learning disabilities after formal education. However, for its assessment it is necessary to have qualified instruments and in Mozambique there is none that assesses this skill. Therefore, this study aimed to culturally adapt the Phonological Awareness Test by Oral production to the Mozambican context and was carried out in two phases: semantic equivalence and content validation. The Content Validity Index was 0.96, although it is considered excellent, further studies need to be carried out to verify other parameters of validity, reliability and standardization. It is expected that the instrument contributes to evaluation and that above all, the skill is part of the activities of stimulation and intervention in preschoolers.

A consciência fonológica é uma habilidade muito importante para o desempenho em leitura, escrita e matemática, sugerindo-se que seja monitorada e avaliada preferencialmente durante a pré-escola como forma de intervenção precoce para prevenção de dificuldades de aprendizagem após o ensino formal. Contudo, para sua avaliação é necessário ter instrumentos qualificados e em Moçambique não existe nenhum que avalia esta habilidade. Portanto, este estudo teve objetivo de realizar adaptação cultural da Prova de Consciência Fonológica por produção Oral para o contexto moçambicano e foi realizado em duas fases: equivalência semântica e validação de conteúdo. O Índice de Validade de Conteúdo foi de 0,96, embora seja considerado ótimo, estudos posteriores precisam ser realizados para verificar outros parâmetros de validade, fidedignidade e normatização. Espera-se que o instrumento contribua para avaliação e que acima de tudo a habilidade faça parte das atividades de estimulação e intervenção em pré-escolares.

La conciencia fonológica es una habilidad muy importante para el desempeño en lectura, escritura y matemáticas, lo que sugiere que se monitorea y evalúa preferiblemente durante el preescolar como una forma de intervención temprana para prevenir dificultades de aprendizaje después de la educación formal. Sin embargo, para su evaluación es necesario contar con instrumentos calificados y en Mozambique no hay ninguno que evalúe esta habilidad. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar culturalmente el Test de Conciencia Fonológica por Producción Oral al contexto de Mozambique y se llevó a cabo en dos fases: equivalencia semántica y validación de contenido. El Índice de Validez de Contenido fue de 0.96, aunque se considera excelente, es necesario realizar más estudios para verificar otros parámetros de validez, confiabilidad y estandarización. Se espera que el instrumento contribuya a la evaluación y que sobre todo, la habilidad sea parte de las actividades de estimulación e intervención en preescolares.

Evidências de validade da Escala de Orientação à Dominância Social no Brasil / Validity evidence of the Social Dominance Orientation Scale in Brazil / Evidencias de validez de Escala de Orientación a Dominancia Social en Brasil

O presente estudo buscou adaptar a Escala de Orientação à Dominância Social (SDO7) para o contexto brasileiro, propor uma versão reduzida do instrumento, avaliar sua estrutura fatorial e evidências de validade entre grupos. Para tanto, realizou-se coleta de dados on-line em que participaram 1.056 indivíduos de quatro diferentes amostras. Análises fatoriais confirmatórias indicaram os melhores índices de ajuste para a estrutura original de quatro fatores, sendo dois substanciais (Dominância e Anti-Igualitarismo) e dois de método (pró-traço e contra-traço). Os fatores substanciais, denominados "Dominância Social" e "Anti-Igualitarismo", apresentaram alfa de Cronbach superior a 0,70 em todas as amostras. As versões longa e reduzida da escala apresentaram bons índices de validade de critério entre grupos com correlações altas entre os escores dos fatores substanciais e a autocategorização política. Portanto, o instrumento apresentou evidências de validade e fidedignidade e podem ser utilizados em estudos futuros. (AU)

This study aims to cross-culturally adapt the Social Dominance Orientation Scale (SDO7) for the Brazilian context, propose a reduced version of the instrument, and assess its factor structure and validity evidences. Participants included 1,056 individuals across four different samples collected online. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated the best fit indices for the original four-factor structure, two substantial (Dominance x Anti-Egalitarianism) and two methodological (pro-trait x counter-trait). The substantial factors had Cronbach's alpha values above 0.70 in all samples. Furthermore, both the long and reduced versions of the scale were highly correlated with political self-categorization. Hence, the instrument in its long and reduced versions showed good validity and reliability evidences for the Brazilian context and can be used in future studies. (AU)

Este estudio tiene como objetivo adaptar transculturalmente la Escala de Orientación a la Dominancia Social (SDO7) para el contexto brasileño, proponer una versión reducida del instrumento, evaluar su estructura factorial y evidencias de validez entre grupos. Por lo que, se llevó a cabo una recogida de datos online en la que participaron 1056 individuos de cuatro muestras diferentes. Los análisis factoriales confirmatorios indicaron los mejores índices de ajuste para la estructura original de cuatro factores, dos de ellos son sustanciales (Dominancia x Anti-Igualitarismo) y los otros dos son metodológicos (pro-rasgo x contra-rasgo). Los factores sustanciales, denominados "Dominancia social" y "Anti-Igualitarismo", presentaron alfa de Cronbach por encima de 0,70 en todas las muestras. Las versiones larga y corta de la escala presentaron buenos índices de validez con altas correlaciones entre los puntajes de los factores sustanciales y la autocategorización política. Por lo tanto, el instrumento presentó evidencias de validez y confiabilidad para el contexto brasileño y puede utilizarse en futuros estudios. (AU)

Adaptação transcultural e validade do Questionnaire on Sexual Quality of Life - Female (SQoL-F) para o Brasil / Cross-cultural adaptation and validity of the Questionnaire on Sexual Quality of Life - Female (SQoL-F) in Brazil

RESUMO Objetivo A qualidade de vida sexual abarca a satisfação sexual e com a parceria, a expressão de desejos e valores sexuais, a boa imagem corporal, além de questões de ordem física, comportamentais, psicológicas e emocionais que afetam a sexualidade. Não há instrumentos confiáveis e válidos para avaliar a qualidade de vida sexual das mulheres brasileiras, portanto este estudo buscou traduzir o Questionnaire on Sexual Quality of Life - Female (SQoL-F) e apresentar evidências de validade do instrumento no contexto brasileiro. Métodos Foram realizados tradução, avaliação da validade de conteúdo, teste da versão pré-final e análise fatorial exploratória do instrumento. Resultados Identificou-se a presença de um único fator que explicou 49% da variância, condizente com o proposto no questionário original. Esse modelo unifatorial apresentou cargas fatoriais adequadas (entre 0,36 e 0,85). Conclusão O questionário apresentou boa consistência interna e foram apresentadas evidências de validade satisfatórias para o uso com mulheres brasileiras.

ABSTRACT Objective The quality of sexual life encompasses sexual satisfaction and with partnership, the expression of sexual desires and values, good body image, in addition to physical, behavioral, psychological and emotional issues that affect sexuality. There are no reliable and valid instruments to assess the quality of sexual life of Brazilian women, so this study sought to translate the Questionnaire on Sexual Quality of Life - Female (SQoL-F) and present evidence of validity of the instrument in the Brazilian context. Methods The translation, content validity evaluation, pre-final version test and exploratory factor analysis were performed. Results The presence of a single factor was identified that explained 49% of the variance, consistent with what was proposed in the original questionnaire. This one-factor model presented adequate factor loadings (between 0.36 and 0.85). Conclusion The questionnaire had good internal consistency and presented satisfactory evidence of validity for use with Brazilian women.

Adaptação cultural e características psicométricas da Weight Bias Internalization Scale (Wbis) / Adaptación cultural de la Weight Bias Internalization Scale (Wbis) / Cultural adaptation and psychometric characteristics of the Weight Bias Internalization Scale (Wbis)

Este estudo teve como objetivos realizar a adaptação cultural e apresentar evidências iniciais sobre as características psicométricas da Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS) para o contexto brasileiro, por meio de três etapas: tradução, validação semântica e pré-teste. Como resultados, a síntese das traduções, realizada por dois tradutores independentes, foi considerada insatisfatória, sendo necessária a obtenção de uma nova versão consensual com um comitê de especialistas. Esta última foi retrotraduzida e utilizada na validação semântica com 18 pessoas, confirmando a compreensão adequada dos itens após alteração em dois deles. No pré-teste, com 54 pessoas, o alfa de Cronbach foi considerado adequado (0,833), sendo observados efeitos floor e ceiling em nove e quatro itens, respectivamente. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson mostrou a presença de correlações fortes e moderadas. A mensuração do estigma internalizado do peso representa uma importante ferramenta para subsidiar estratégias terapêuticas mais eficazes, com vistas ao cuidado integral e humanizado.

This study aimed to carry out the cultural adaptation and present initial evidence about the psychometric characteristics of the Weight Bias Internalization Scale in the Brazilian context, through three steps: translation, semantic validation, and pretest. The results indicated that the synthesis of the translations, performed by two independent translators, was considered unsatisfactory and it was necessary to obtain a new consensus version with an Expert Committee. This last one was back-translated and used in semantic validation with 18 people, confirming the proper understanding of the items after alterations in two of them. In the pretest, with 54 people, Cronbach's alpha was considered adequate (0.833), with floor and ceiling effects observed in nine and four items, respectively. Pearson's correlation coefficient showed the presence of strong and moderate correlations. The measurement of weight bias internalization represents an important tool to support more effective therapeutic strategies with a view to comprehensive and humanized care

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo realizar la adaptación cultural y presentar evidencia inicial sobre las características psicométricas de la Escala de Interiorización de Prejuicios sobre Obesidad (Weight Bias Internalization Scale ­ WBIS) para el contexto brasileño, a través de tres etapas: traducción, validación semántica y pretest. La síntesis de las traducciones se consideró insatisfactoria y se obtuvo una nueva versión consensuada con un Comité de Expertos. Esta versión fue retrotraducida y utilizada en la validación semántica con 18 personas, lo que confirma la comprensión adecuada después de modificaciones en dos ítems. En el pretest, con 54 personas, el alfa de Cronbach se consideró adecuado (0,833), con efectos de floor y ceiling observados en nueve y cuatro ítems, respectivamente. El coeficiente de correlación de Pearson mostró la presencia de correlaciones fuertes y moderadas. La medición de la interiorización de los prejuicios sobre la obesidad representa una herramienta importante para apoyar estrategias terapéuticas más efectivas, con atención integral y humanizada.