Postoperative Comfort Score after Septoplasty among Patients Undergoing Nasal Packing versus Suturing of the Septal Flap by Modified Technique without Packing : A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background : Septal surgery is one of the most common surgical procedures performed by an Otorhinolaryngeal surgeon since ancient times. Various modifications in the approach, changing concept of conserving septal cartilage, use of an endoscope and good antibiotics to control postoperative infection have played a key role in controlling the complication rates but still, one thing which is mostly practiced worldwide is nasal packing in the postoperative period which is a nightmare for many patients, as the pain threshold varies from patient to patient. It also causes dryness of mouth, throat irritation, facial heaviness, headache, excessive watering from eyes, aural fullness. There is a lack of proper evidence to prove whether nasal packing really decreases postoperative hemorrhage as the incision is properly approximated and sutured. The main reason for nasal packing was an approximation of nasal septal flap thereby reducing the chances of septal Haematoma and stabilization of septal flap in the midline. The present study has been taken to study and compare postoperative nasal packing and modified quilting suture of the septal flap without the nasal pack. Material and Methods : This one-year prospective comparative study was conducted on 149 patients who underwent septoplasty with 3 months follow-up. One group had Postoperative nasal packing and the other had only modified septal flap suturing without the nasal pack. Results : Out of the total of 149 patients, 88 underwent nasal packing in the postoperative period and 61 patients had undergone suture of the nasal septal flap without nasal packing. A statistically significant value of VAS score was found in the non-packing group of 61 patients, where the average postoperative VAS score was 1.46 against 3.7 among the packing group of 88 patients. An unpaired t-test was applied and a value of 15.431 was obtained with a pvalue less than 0.001. No cases presented with septal perforation in the postoperative period in patients without a nasal pack and there were 2 cases (2.2%) of septal perforation in the nasal packing group. There was no significant bleeding in the postoperative period in both groups of patients. Conclusion : Stabilization of the nasal septal flap by modified quilting technique is better option after septoplasty with good comfort score.

A review of common anatomical variants of paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity and its frequency of occurrence as evidenced on multi-detector computed tomography

This study was carried out to know the frequency of occurrence of common anatomic variants in computed tomography of paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. Non contrast Computed tomography (CT) of paranasal sinuses of 100 patients referred to Department Of Radiology, Saveetha Medical College were retrospectively studied. The Multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) scans were evaluated for various anatomical variants of paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. The frequency of occurrence was calculated in percentage.We found out that deviated nasal septum (DNS) was the most common variant in this study, seen in 86% of cases, followed by Agger nasi cells which was seen in 56% and the third most common was supra-orbital ethmoidal cells seen in 42% of the study population. All the cases included in the study, had minimum of one variant. Most of the study population showed multiple anatomical variations of paranasal sinus and nasal cavity. In conclusion, multidetector Computed tomography plays an important role is the assessment of various anatomical variants of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity. Pre-operative MDCT of Paranasal sinuses, gives the surgeons most if not all of the anatomical information they need to tailor surgeries. Considering the relatively high frequency of occurrence of these variants, it is essential for the radiologists to have a precise knowledge of imaging features of normal anatomy and anatomical variants of Paranasal sinuses.

Effect Of Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Therapy Vs Parachute Resistance Training On Performance Level In Race Walkers: Comparative Study

Background: Race walking significantly places stress on the lower extremity joints affecting ADLs. The gait pattern of race walking is different than normal walking that causes biomechanical alterations leading to musculoskeletal disabilities. DNS (Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization) therapy is based on developmental kinesiology and the integration of neurophysiology and biomechanical principles in which each purposeful movement pattern is reinforced by the coordination between every segmented required for postural stability. Parachute Resistance training works on the principle of air resistance and terminal velocity, which helps in improving lower extremity muscle strength and power, decreasing the stress put on joints during physical activity. Methods: The study was completed by using a stratified sampling technique among the race walkers between the age group of 18-29 years, a total of 40 race walkers (20 males and 20 females) were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria by approaching various sports academies. Participants were divided into two groups, Group A and Group B. The groups consisted of 20 participants each. They were verbally interviewed regarding their demographics. Pre-treatment assessment of vo2max and speed was done using the Cooper test and sprint test, respectively. Participants in group A underwent Dynamic Neuromuscular Stabilization Technique, and group B underwent a Parachute resistance training program, and post-treatment assessment of all the parameters was done. Results: DNS Therapy shows significant improvement in the performance level of race walkers in group A as compared to Group B with p-value 0.003 and 0.001. Conclusion: The study concluded that DNS therapy and Parachute resistance training exercises are equally effective in improving the performance level in race walkers.

Determination of Stilbene Glucosides in Yening Granules by RP-HPLC with Pre-column Derivation / 中国药师

Objective:To establish a RP-HPLC method with pre-column derivation for determining the content of stilbene glyco-sides in Yening granules. Methods:DNS-Cl was used as the derivation reagent, a Wondasil-C8 column (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) was used as the stationary phase and 30mM ammonium phosphatere gulation (pH 3. 5)-acetonitrile (78∶22) was applied as the mobile phase, a fluorescence detector (λex=370 nm,λem=560 nm) was used, the flow rate was 1. 0 ml·ml-1 , the column temperature was 30℃ and the injection volume was 20 μl. Results: There was no interference from the other substances in the preparation. The linear range of the two stilbene glycosides was 0.071-27.280 mg·ml-1(r=0.999 9). The average recovery was 99.04%(RSD=0. 1%, n= 9). Conclusion:The method is simple, quick, sensitive and accurate, which can be used for the quality control of Ye-ning granules.

Bioprospecting of Cellulase Producing Extremophilic Bacterial Isolates from India.

Aim: To isolate and identify the potential extremophilic cellulase producing strain viz., psychrophiles, halophiles, thermophiles and to compare the Cellulase activity from samples collected from different geographical regions of India. Place and Duration of Study: Bharathiar University, Department of Biotechnology, Molecular Microbiology Lab, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, India, between January to April 2011. Methodology: Cellulase-producing extremophilic bacteria viz., psychrophiles, halophiles, and thermophiles have been isolated from soil samples. According to morphology and pigmentation, 138 distinct bacteria were isolated and screened for cellulase activity by Gram’s iodine–carboxymethylcellulose plate (CMC) assay. On the basis of the cellulase activity, six potent cellulase-producing isolates from each cluster viz., P14, P36, H6, H13, T2 and T3 were selected for 16S rRNA gene based identification. The strains were optimized for maximum cellulase activity at various temperature and pH range. Results: The phylogenetic relationship revealed that P14 and P36 psychrophilic isolates possessed maximum identity with Bacillus simplex (100%) and Arthrobactercitreus (99%), with a cellulase activity of 14.10± 1.73 and 18.27± 0.71 UmL-1 respectively. Likewise, among halophiles, H6 and H13 were identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus endophyticus (99%), with a cellulase activity of 14.87 ± 0.55 and 16.83 ± 0.44 U mL-1, correspondingly. In thermophiles, T2 and T3 showed close proximity with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus megaterium (99%), with a cellulase activity of 21.53 ± 1.30 and 19.93 ± 0.38 U mL-1 respectively. Conclusion: In the present study, the thermophilic isolates showed promising Cellulase activity compared to psychrophiles and halophiles.

Study on Quality Control of Zhiqikang Capsules / 中国药师

Objective:To establish the quality control of Zhiqikang capsules. Methods:TLC was used to identify Gastrodia tuder halimasch, rhubarb and Astragalus mongholicus in the preparations. A spectrophotometry method with 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) was used to measure the polysaccharide content in Zhiqikang capsules. A spectrophotometry method with Forint phenol method ( Low-ry) was used to measure the peptide content in the capsules. Results:The linear range of polysaccharide was obtained between 6. 412 and 32. 060μg·ml-1(r=0. 999 5), the average recovery was 95. 86% and RSD was 0. 86%. The linear range of peptide was ob-tained between 0.059 7 and 0.298 4 mg·ml-1(r=0.999 0), the average recovery was 100.3% and RSD was 1.88%(n=6). Conclusion:The assay method is simple and accurate in the quality control of the preparations.

Studies on Determination Conditions for Reducing End of Hydroxyethyl Starch by DNS Spectrophotometry / 中国药师

Objective:To explore the determination conditions for reducing end of hydroxyethyl starch by DNS spectrophotometry. Methods:The reducing end of hydroxyethyl starch was determined using the standard curve of glucose solutions. The effects of DNS reagent with different volume, heating temperature, heating time and standing time after reaction on the determination were investiga-ted. Results:The optimal determination conditions were as follows:the DNS volume was 0. 8 ml, the reaction temperature was 85℃, the reaction time was 5 minutes, and the colored solution was determined at the wavelength of 540 nm. Conclusion: The method is simple and accurate with good reproducibility, which can be used to determine reducing end of hydroxyethyl starch.

Medium optimization of production of xylanase by solid state fermentation from Brevibacillus borstelensis – MTCC 9874 isolated from soil sample of eastern Nepal

The main aim of this study was to optimize production medium in solid state fermentation for production of xylanase using Brevibacillus borstelensis MTCC 9874. The organism was isolated from Morang district of Nepal and it was grown for 96 h in five different mineral salt solutions (MMS) with rice husk and MSS-1 was selected as a medium for further study based on xylanolytic activity measured using DNS method. Plackett Burman design (Minitab 15.1) was done with six variables viz. dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, rice husk, sodium chloride, magnesium sulphate, sodium carbonate and calcium chloride. The result showed that dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and rice husk were significant factors for xylanase production (> 95% confidence levels). Full factorial Centre composite design (CCD) was used to optimize the two significant factors. Response surface and contour plot were used to locate the optimal value of the two factors. There was 279.88% increase in xylanolytic activity after optimization of the medium. Study of effect of temperature on xylanolytic activity showed that maximum xylanolytic activity (6.58±1.1 IU/mL) was found at 60 °C. Optimum pH was found to be 7.6 (Xylanolytic activity = 6.81±2.32 IU/mL). Thermal stability study showed that the enzyme has a good stability at 60 °C (95.62%). Lineweaver – Burk plot showed that the enzyme has Vmax and Km values 0.1075 μg/mL .min and 1427.63 μg/mL respectively.

Quantitative Detemination of AGP by DNS Method / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To establish a method for the quantitative determination of AGP (Acanthopanax giraldii Harms polysaccharides). Methods AGP content was determined by DNS Method. The absorptions of processed samples were tested at the wavelength of 520 nm. Results Contrast to glucose, the linear range was 46.6～233.0 mg/L (r=0.999 2), the average recovery was 99.0%～102.1%, RSD=3.52%, n=5. The polysaccharides measured in 3 batches of samples were 1.3～1.9 mg/g. Conclusion The method is sensitive,steady with good repeatability, and help to the qulity control of Acanthopanax giraldii Harms.