Revelar las vivencias de intervención educativa transcultural de embarazo adolescente en binomio madre-hija un proyecto de vida en comunidad originaria / Reveal the experiences of transcultural educational intervention of adolescent pregnancy in the mother-daughter binomial a life project in the originary community

Introducción: el embarazo adolescente hace referencia a toda gestación que ocurre durante la adolescencia y comprende las mujeres de hasta 19 años. Irrumpe la vida de las adolescentes en momentos que no alcanzan la madurez física ni mental, con carencias nutricionales y enfermedades. Las causas son amplias y complejas, variando entre distintos grupos culturales y étnicos. Para los investigadores es importante conocer la forma de pensar de las jóvenes y madres respecto a embarazos en adolescentes, como construyen los sentidos y significaciones alrededor de embarazos a temprana edad, qué factores intervienen, de qué modo se puede educar a la población joven y adulta ante esta problemática que irrumpe con su proyecto de vida. Material y métodos: enfoque metodológico cualitativo descriptivo, con visión holística histórico-etnográfico, dado que se pretende conocer la manera de pensar de las adolescentes del estado de Guerrero en la región montaña alta ante un embarazo y las posibles causas de la misma. Resultados: el binomio revela que la falta de recursos económicos, educación, costumbres y tradiciones son las principales causas de un embarazo precoz y deserción escolar en la montaña Alta de Guerrero. Consideraciones finales: desde el término EMIC se manifiesta desacuerdo por el embarazo adolescente, se visualiza la incapacidad de las participantes para desarrollar el rol de crianza y educación, se refleja con ETIC la inmadurez física y psicológica de las adolescentes para adquirir la responsabilidad de una mujer adulta, el proyecto de vida se ve estancado en el mismo padrón de los padres.

Introduction: adolescent pregnancy refers to any gestation that occurs during adolescence and includes women up to 19 years of age. It bursts into the lives of adolescents at times when they do not reach physical or mental maturity, with nutritional deficiencies and illnesses. The causes are broad and complex, varying among different cultural and ethnic groups. For researchers, it is important to know the way of thinking of young women and mothers regarding teenage pregnancies, how they build meanings and meanings around early pregnancies, what factors intervene, how the young and adult population can be educated before this problem that bursts with his life project. Material and methods: the present investigation has a descriptive qualitative methodological approach, with a holistic historical-ethnographic vision, since it is intended to know the way of thinking of adolescents from the state of Guerrero in the high mountain region before a pregnancy and the possible causes of it. Results: the binomial reveals that the lack of economic resources, education, customs and traditions are the main causes of early pregnancy and school dropout in the High Mountain of Guerrero. Final considerations: the term EMIC shows disagreement with adolescent pregnancy, the inability of the participants to develop the role of upbringing and education, the physical and psychological immaturity of the adolescents to acquire the responsibility of an adult woman is reflected in ETIC, the life project is stagnated in the same pattern of the parents.

Investigación Cualitativa: Enfoque Emic-Etic / Qualitative Research: Emic-Etic Approach

El presente documento, es un ensayo reflexivo cuyo objetivo es analizar la "Investigación Cualitativa desde el enfoque Emic-Etic". Para ello, se exploran los conceptos de investigación cualitativa y la relación con los términos Emic y Etic, así como, la importancia de la misma en el quehacer científico del investigador. Se utilizó la investigación documental exhaustiva, para el análisis hermenéutico de diversas publicaciones científicas relacionadas con la temática de estudio. Se concluye, que la investigación cualitativa sustenta su visión metodológica en base al enfoque Emic-Etic, donde interactúan las versiones y opiniones de los participantes y el investigador respecto a los hechos y fenómenos de estudio, para construir la realidad de manera cooperativa.

This document is a reflexive essay whose objective is to analyze the "Qualitative Research from the Emic-Etic approach". For this, the concepts of qualitative research and the relation with the terms Emic and Etic are explored, as well as the importance of the same in the scientific work of the researcher. We used exhaustive documentary research for the hermeneutic analysis of various scientific publications related to the subject of study. It is concluded that the qualitative research supports its methodological vision based on the Emic-Etic approach, where the versions and opinions of the participants and the researcher interact with respect to the facts and phenomena of study, to construct reality in a cooperative way.

Studying personality and personality disorders among people in the Caribbean advocating for an emic-etic approach / Estudio sobre personalidad y trastornos de personalidad entre las personas del Caribe: en defensa de un enfoque émico-ético

This article discusses issues relevant to the examination of personality and personality disorder in contexts, such as the Caribbean, which are under-represented in this scholarship. The article argues that because normal personality is the standard against which definitions of non-normality (and at the extreme, disorder) are derived, a crucial first step in identifying personality disorder is clear and culturally relevant definitions of normal personality. Two key conceptual perspectives on personality development and manifestation are presented, followed by a brief exploration, using the etic traits approach, of the problematic nature of any one perspective on normal personality. The article argues for the need for combined emic-etic approaches to understanding normal and non-normal personality, particularly in under-represented contexts such as the Caribbean. It ends by offering concrete suggestions on developing, in the Caribbean, programmes of research committed to these tasks.

Este artículo aborda cuestiones pertinentes al examen de la personalidad y los trastornos de la personalidad en contextos, tales como el Caribe, que están insuficientemente representadas en esta área de estudios. El artículo argumenta que como la personalidad normal es el estándar frente el cual se derivan las definiciones de no normalidad (y trastorno, finalmente), un primer paso crucial en la identificación de los trastornos de la personalidad estriba en formular definiciones claras y culturalmente relevantes de la personalidad normal. Se presentan dos perspectivas conceptuales claves en el desarrollo y la manifestación de la personalidad, seguidos por una breve exploración que recurre al enfoque de rasgos éticos (etic), de la naturaleza problemática de cualquier perspectiva de una personalidad normal. El artículo argumenta la necesidad de combinar los enfoques émicos (emic) y éticos (etic) si se quiere comprender la personalidad normal y no normal, particularmente en contextos sub-representados como es el caso del Caribe. Se concluye brindando sugerencias concretas para desarrollar programas de investigación comprometida con estas tareas en el Caribe.

A pilot observation of curative effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields on post-menopausal osteoporosis / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo observe the curative effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) treatment system on post -menopausal osteoporosis.Methods16 patients with post-menopausal osteoporosis were treated by Union-2000 PEMF Osteoporosis Trea tment System. The bone mineral density (BMD) and grades of lumbago were measured before and after the treatment.ResultsAfter one p eriod of the treatment, BMD had increased in a field of no statistic significanc e (P>0.05) and lumbago died away in all cases.Conclusions PEMF treatment system is likely to be a practicabl e therapy for post-menopausal osteoporosis.

The Effects of Urapidil on Changes of Arterial Blood Pressure and Heart Rate to Endotracheal Intubation / 대한마취과학회지

BACKGROUND: Urapidil is a new antihypertensive agent known to diminish total peripheral vascular resistance by postsynaptic alpha 1-adrenergic blockade and central sympatholytic activity. The purpose of this study was to determine its effectiveness and safety in preventing hemodynamic responses to endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia. METHODS: Thirty normotensive, ASA physical status I patients for elective surgery were selected randomly. They were divided into three groups(Group 1: control group with saline, Group 2: urapidil 0.4 mg/kg, Group 3: urapidil 0.5 mg/kg, n=10 in each group). The drugs were injected 3 minutes before induction with thiopental sodium(4 mg/kg) and succinylcholine(1 mg/kg). Endotracheal intubation was performed 5 minutes after the drugs injection. After endotracheal intubation, vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg was injected and 50% nitrous oxide in oxygen and 2Vol% enflurane were inhaled. We measured the blood pressure and the heart rate with noninvasive method at one minute interval for 5 minutes. RESULTS: In group 3, no significant increase in systolic blood pressure after endotracheal intubation was noted(p<0.05). Urapidil groups showed increase in heart rate at 1, 2 minutes after urapidil injection(p<0.05) and did not blunt increase in heart rate after endotracheal intubation. The side effects of urapidil(hypotension, dizziness, headache and chest tightness) occured in a patient of group 3. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the blood pressure response was effectively controlled, but the change in heart rate was not controlled by urapidil 0.5 mg/kg injection before induction.

Transferring Novel Gene into Human Hematopoietic Cells by Adeno-Associated Virus / 中国肿瘤生物治疗杂志

Objective: To investigate the expression of MDR1 and GFP in the human hematopoietic cells mediated by adeno-associated virus. Methods: The GFP gene was transferred into the human hematopoietic cells by AAV vectors and created strong visible fluorescence by purely molecular biological means. Using adeno-associated virus vectors, we have transferred human mdr-1 gene into human hematopoietic cells and investigated the drug resistence of human hematopoietic cells modified with mdr-1 gene. PCR analysis confirmed that mdrl cDNA had been successfully transferred into the human hematopoietic cells. An assay of MTT proved that the human hematopoietic cells modified by mdrl gene had resistance to colchicine. Results: It was about 30% of the hematopoietic cells that expressed the green fluorescent proteins. The resistance of hematopoietic cells was increased parently when the cells were infected by the crude virus stocks. Conclusion: It is conducted that the AAV vector could successfully transfer the foreign gene into the human hematopoietic cells. The cells modified with mdrl gene have increased the resistance to drugs.

Patch Testing of Cosm etic Derm atitis Using Suspected Cosm etics / 中华皮肤科杂志

In order to study on the properconcentrations for patch test(PT),and the availability of PT w ith the suspected cosm etic products used by the patients,PT ofvarious cosm etic products w as per- form ed on 35 healthy subjects and 38 patients w ith non-contactderm atitis and non-eczem a by using dif- ferent concentrations of cosm etic products and their vehicles in cosm etic products.In 62 patients w ith cosm etic derm atitis PT w as done using their ow n suspected causative cosm etic products.The results show ed thatm ost products could be tested “w ith originalproducts”,w ithout dilution,such as skin care products(cream ),lipsticks,hair care products(hair cream ,hair oil,m ousse),others had to be diluted, such as hair dyes,hotoiland soap,to 2% solution,sham poos to 5% solution,perm anent-w ave solutions and perfum es to 5% or 10% in distilled w ater,nailvarnish to 5% or 10% in acetone.The totalpositive rate of PT by using suspected cosm etics w as 95.16% .Our results indicate that PT concentrations and vehicles vary w ith different products in suspected cosm etics,PT of the suspected causative cosm etic products is an im portant m eans for the diagnosis of cosm etic derm atitis.Our study provides necessary data for the further study ofChinese standard cosm etic screening series allergens for PT.