Expressions of gene Fmr1 in rat cortex, hippocampus and thalamus areas after the rapid eyes movement sleep deprivation / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the expression of gene Fmr1 in rats cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus areas after the rapid eyes movement ( REM ) sleep deprivation .Methods Using the modified multiple platform method (MMPM), 126 rats were randomly and averagely divided into three groups , the normal control group ( CC), the environmental control group (TC) and the sleep deprivation group (SD).Each group was detected on day 1, day 2, day 3, day 5, day 7, and day 9, and the sample tissues were extracted from 7 rats at each time point.Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR were operated to analysis the expression of gene Fmr 1.Results The expressions of gene Fmr1 were increased gradually in the cortex and thalamus of the SD group after 3 days ( P 0.05).The expressions of gene Fmr1 were decreased gradually in hippocampus for SD after 3 days ( P 0.05 ) . Conclusion The expressions of gene Fmr 1 were increased gradually in the cortex and thalamus but decreased in the hippocampus in the SD group after 3 days.

The fragile x-associated tremor and ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) / A síndrome de tremor e ataxia associada ao X frágil (FXTAS)

FXTAS (Fragile X-associated tremor and ataxia syndrome) is a late- onset neurodegenerative disorder affecting mainly men, over 50 years of age, who are carriers of the FMR1 gene premutation. The full mutation of this gene causes the fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common cause of inherited mental retardation. Individuals affected by FXTAS generally present intention tremor and gait ataxia that might be associated to specific radiological and/or neuropathological signs. Other features commonly observed are parkinsonism, cognitive decline, peripheral neuropathy and autonomic dysfunction. Nearly a decade after its clinical characterization, FXTAS is poorly recognized in Brazil. Here we present a review of the current knowledge on the clinical, genetic and diagnostic aspects of the disease.

A FXTAS (síndrome de tremor e ataxia associada ao X frágil) é uma doença neurodegenerativa de início tardio que afeta principalmente homens acima dos 50 anos de idade, portadores de pré-mutação do gene FMR1. A mutação completa desse gene é responsável pela síndrome do cromossomo X frágil (SXF), a causa mais comum de deficiência mental herdada. Indivíduos afetados pela FXTAS geralmente apresentam tremor de intenção e ataxia de marcha que podem estar associados a sinais radiológicos ou neuropatológicos específicos. Outras características comumente observadas são parkinsonismo, declínio cognitivo, neuropatia periférica e disfunções autonômicas. Quase uma década após sua caracterização clínica, a FXTAS é mal conhecida por médicos no Brasil. Esta revisão apresenta o conhecimento atual sobre os aspectos clínicos, genéticos e diagnósticos da síndrome.

Falência ovariana precoce em portadores da pré-mutação do gene FMR1: revisão da literatura / Premature ovarian failure in FMR1 premutation carriers: a literature review

A mutação do gene FMR1 é um fator genético importante para a determinação multifatorial da idade da menopausa. Portadoras da pré-mutação podem ter a vida reprodutiva encurtada e devem ser alertadas sobre o risco de transmissão da Síndrome do X Frágil para seus descendentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi mostrar dados atualizados sobre as implicações genotípica e fenotípica da pré-mutação do gene FMR1 na reprodução humana.

The FMR1 mutation is an important genetic factor in the multifactor determination of menopause age. Premutation carriers can have reproductive life shortened and should be alerted about the risk of transmitting the Fragile X Syndrome to their descendents. The purpose of this paper was to show updated data about the genotypic and phenotypic implications of FMR1 premutation on human reproduction.