A Case Report of Orbital Cellulitis

Orbital cellulitis is a septic process between the ethmoid and orbitary tissue representing the most frequent cause of unilateral exophthalmos, Orbital cellulitis is an uncommon infectious process in which patient may present with pain, reduced visual acuity, compromised ocular motility and significant proptosis, The close cooperation between ophthalmologists and ENT specialists is required both for diagnosis and treatment.

Diabetes mellitus juvenil: a experiência de familiares de adolescentes e pré-adolescentes / Juvenile diabetes: the family's experience with diabetic adolescents and pre-adolescents

This study aimed at investigating the experience of taking care of adolescents and pre-adolescents with type 1 diabetes from the standpoint of their family members. A phenomenological approach, i.e. a type of qualitative analysis aimed at understanding the meaning of life experiences, was used. Ten parents (9 mothers and 1 father) were interviewed at a teaching hospital in the interior of São Paulo state. The experience of taking care of a child with diabetes emerged from the converging points reported under 3 main themes: the universe of the disease; personal relationships; reflections on the experience. The participants described their difficulties and the strategies they use for keeping the family together besides providing support to the children. They believe they have to accept and face the challenges, besides motivating their children in order to ensure their safety and quality of life. The data obtained show the need for professional support as well as for a space for discussing themes of interest, both for the children with diabetes and for their families.

An unusual blindness in A 16-year-old boy.

We report a case of neovascular glaucoma in a 16-year-old boy. The disease was advanced, causing loss of vision in one eye and impaired vision in the other eye at the time of diagnosis. He presented with progressive bilateral visual loss and eye pain for three months. His previous systemic and ocular history was unremarkable. The further history taking and investigations revealed diabetes mellitus, family history of diabetes mellitus, family problems, and multiple substance dependence. The clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and management are discussed.

Clinical Analysis of Retinopathy of Juvenile Diabetes

To investigate the incidence, clinical findings and risk factors of retinopathy of juvenile diabetes, we retrospectively studied the medical records of patients from 1986 to 1997. We analysed 140 eyes in 70 patients underwent on annual indirect ophthalmoscopic examination and, when needed, a fluorescein angiography. After mean follow-up of 5.5 years, diabetic retinopathy was observed in 20 eyes(11 patients) and majority of them was mild nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy. In three eyes(two patients) proliferative diabetic retinopathy was developed. The mean age of the diagnosis of retinopathy was 16.2 years and at the first detection of diabetes was 9.0 years. In the univariate analysis, the total duration of diabetes, the duration of diabetes after puberty, sex and hypertension were not related to diabetic retinopathy but the HbAlc level, family history, and microalbuminuria were related. These results show important considerations during follow-up examination of the fundus in juvenile diabetes.

Clinical Study of Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus

We have observed 9 cases of juvenile diabetes mellitus who were admitted to Pediatrics Department of Presbyterian Medical Center in Jeon-ju, during period of 7 years and 2 months from Jan, 1974 to Mar, 1981. The following results were obtained. 1) Incidence of juvenile diabetes mellitus was 0.088% of all patients who were admitted to Pediatric Department ward during period of 7 years and 2 months. 2) The highest age incidence was in the age group of 8~9years, and male to female ratio was 7:2 with male preponderance, and seasonal distribution showed high incidence in winter. 3) Cardinal symptoms were polyuria (8case), polydipsia (8case), and general weakness (6 case), weight loss (5 case), polyphaia(3 case), abdominal pain and nausea vomiting (2case), and On examination there were signs of dehydration (6 case), emaciation(3case), abdominal rigidity (2case) in order of frequency. 4) The mean blood glucose level was 468 mg%, and leukocytosis was found in 4 cases of the 9 at admission. 5) Ketoacidosis was noted in 4 cases and the blood glucose level ranged from 417 mg% to 750mg%, and patients received treatment with continuous infusion of low dose insulin. 6) The average duration of hospitalization was 12 days and dosage of insulin needed was 0.8~1.9unit/kg/day. Only one case was followed up and the patients A1c Hgb level was within normal limit.

Clinical Study of Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus

We have observed 9 cases of juvenile diabetes mellitus who were admitted to Pediatrics Department of Presbyterian Medical Center in Jeon-ju, during period of 7 years and 2 months from Jan, 1974 to Mar, 1981. The following results were obtained. 1) Incidence of juvenile diabetes mellitus was 0.088% of all patients who were admitted to Pediatric Department ward during period of 7 years and 2 months. 2) The highest age incidence was in the age group of 8~9years, and male to female ratio was 7:2 with male preponderance, and seasonal distribution showed high incidence in winter. 3) Cardinal symptoms were polyuria (8case), polydipsia (8case), and general weakness (6 case), weight loss (5 case), polyphaia(3 case), abdominal pain and nausea vomiting (2case), and On examination there were signs of dehydration (6 case), emaciation(3case), abdominal rigidity (2case) in order of frequency. 4) The mean blood glucose level was 468 mg%, and leukocytosis was found in 4 cases of the 9 at admission. 5) Ketoacidosis was noted in 4 cases and the blood glucose level ranged from 417 mg% to 750mg%, and patients received treatment with continuous infusion of low dose insulin. 6) The average duration of hospitalization was 12 days and dosage of insulin needed was 0.8~1.9unit/kg/day. Only one case was followed up and the patients A1c Hgb level was within normal limit.