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Objective:To analyze the application of video nystagmography in the diagnosis and treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) so as to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis.Methods:A total of 120 patients with suspected BPPV who received treatment in Yueqing People's Hospital from January to July 2020 were included in this study. There were anterior ( n = 24), posterior ( n = 80) and horizontal semicircular canal ( n = 16) BPPV according to the disease type. The detection rates of anterior, posterior and horizontal semicircular canal BPPV by video nystagmography and naked eyes were determined. Therapeutic effects of video nystagmography on three types of BPPV were compared. Results:The diagnostic rates of anterior, posterior and horizontal semicircular canal BPPV were 91.68%, 92.50% and 93.75%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 0.06, P > 0.05). The detection rates of anterior, posterior and horizontal semicircular canal BPPV by video nystagmography were 91.68%, 92.50% and 93.75% respectively, which were significantly higher than those by naked eyes (58.34%, 78.75%, 56.25%, χ2 = 7.11, 6.14, 3.86, all P < 0.05). After 1 week of treatment, total response rates of anterior, posterior and horizontal semicircular canal BPPV were 62.50%, 66.25%, 68.75%, respectively. After 3 months of treatment, total response rates of anterior, posterior and horizontal semicircular canal BPPV were 95.83%, 96.25% and 100.00%, respectively. There were no significant differences between anterior, posterior and horizontal semicircular canal BPPV after 1 week and 3 months of treatment ( χ2 = 0.18, 0.64, P > 0.05). At 3 months after surgery, the recurrence rates of anterior, posterior and horizontal semicircular canal BPPV were 4.16%, 5.00% and 6.25%, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( χ2 = 0.08, P > 0.05). Conclusion:Video nystagmography is highly effective in the diagnosis and treatment of BPPV. It can accurately judge the occurrence of nystagmus in BPPV and increase the detection rate, which is worthy of clinical application.
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Background: Hemoglobinopathies pose a significant health burden in India. Prevention programmes can significantly reduce this burden. Although sophisticated methods of screening for β thalassemia trait are available, a cheap and simple method is beneficial for population screening. Although the Naked Eye Single Tube Red Cell Osmotic Fragility Test (NESTROFT) has been evaluated in many studies, sample sizes were small in some and many earlier studies have not done complete blood count (CBC) and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) in all the cases. We evaluate the suitability of NESTROFT for detection of β-thalassemia trait in a high prevalence region in Saurashtra, Gujarat.Methods: Here, 1000 unrelated individuals were studied. NESTROFT, CBC and estimation of HbA2 and HbF or other hemoglobin variants were done by HPLC.Results: Prevalence of β thalassemia trait was 7.8% in this population. NESTROFT showed an overall sensitivity and specificity of 94.87 and 85.38 respectively for the detection of β thalassaemia trait. Using red cell indices (MCH <27 pg and MCV <80 fl), One β thalassemia trait with normal indices would have been missed. Among twelve individuals with other hemoglobinopathies (HbS, HbD, HbE, δβ thalassemia trait or HPFH), seven had a positive NESTROFT while three had normal MCV & MCH values.Conclusions: NESTROFT is a cost-effective sensitive test which does not require any equipment and can be done in remote areas. It remains a useful first line screening test when large populations have to be screened.
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@#Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of naked eye 3D thoracoscopic surgery in minimally invasive esophagectomy. Methods Clinical data of 65 patients, including 50 males and 15 females aged 47-72 years, with esophageal cancer who underwent minimally invasive thoracoscopic esophagectomy from October 2018 to April 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to different surgical methods including a naked eye 3D thoracoscopic group (group A: 30 patients) and a traditional 2D thoracoscopic group (group B: 35 patients). The effects of the two groups were compared. Results The operation time in the group A was significantly shorter than that in the group B (P<0.05). The number of dissected lymph nodes in the group A was more than that in the group B (P<0.05). The thoracic drainage volumes on the 1th-3th days after operation in the group A were significantly larger than those in the group B (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups on the 4th-5th days after operation (P>0.05). The indwelling time in the group A was longer than that in the group B (P<0.05). Postoperative hospital stay, pulmonary infection, arrhythmia, anastomotic leakage, and recurrent laryngeal nerve injury were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Naked eye 3D thoracoscopic surgery for minimally invasive esophagectomy is a safe and effective surgical procedure. Compared with traditional 2D minimally invasive thoracoscopic surgery, it is safer in operation and more thorough in clearing lymph nodes. The operation is more efficient and can be promoted.
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@#AIM: To systematically evaluate changes in dioptre, keratometry results, uncorrected visual acuity, and ocular axis in teenage patients with myopia using orthokeratology lens for different durations. To understand and determine the duration for using orthokeratology lens more accurately in these patients and to provide correct and reliable treatment guidance for these patients.<p>METHODS: Computerised search was conducted to retrieve studies from PubMed, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP, and CNKI databases, from the establishment of the databases to April 2019. The search yieldedrelevant studies on the use of orthokeratology to control the development of myopia in teenage patients. After two researchers independently conducted literature screening, data extraction, and methodological quality evaluation, a Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.<p>RESULTS: Finally, 8 relevant studies were selected, which included 1 136 teenage patients with myopia. The Meta-analysis revealed that after wearing orthokeratology lens for 1wk, keratometry results changed without statistical significance \〖1wk: <i>MD</i>=0.91, 95% <i>CI</i>(-0.01-1.83), <i>P</i>=0.05\〗. However, after using orthokeratology lens for 1, 3, 6, and 12mo, keratometry results decreased \〖1mo: <i>MD</i>=0.82, 95% <i>CI</i>(0.12-1.53), <i>P</i>=0.02; 3mo: <i>MD</i>=1.31, 95% <i>CI</i>(0.63-2.00), <i>P</i><0.05; 6mo: <i>MD</i>=1.35, 95% <i>CI</i>(0.62-2.09), <i>P</i><0.05; 12mo: <i>MD</i>=1.41, 95% <i>CI</i>(0.68-2.41), <i>P</i><0.05\〗. Further, after 12mo of using orthokeratology lens, the increase in dioptre was effectively controlled \〖12mo: <i>MD</i>=2.61, 95% <i>CI</i>(1.52-3.71), <i>P</i><0.05\〗, and the uncorrected visual acuity improved \〖12mo: <i>MD</i>=-0.81, 95% <i>CI</i>(-0.84--0.79), <i>P</i><0.05). The ocular axis did not show a statistically significant increase \〖12mo: <i>MD</i>=-0.06, 95% <i>CI</i>(-0.21-0.09), <i>P</i>=0.44\〗. <p>CONCLUSION: The use of orthokeratology lens cannot only reducekeratometry values, but also control the growth of the ocular axis. However, these results can be achieved only after long-term wear.
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Objective@#To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of naked-eye assessment (NA) of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology(US-FNAC) smears, which was performed by a trained non-cytological physician.@*Methods@#A total of 290 smears of FNAC in 143 thyroid nodules were used to evaluate the value of NA by an assistant with more than two years experience of intervention with ultrasound guidance. NA results such as the background of smear (bloody/non-bloody), thickness (thick/thin), as well as the contents (granulated/non-granulated) were recorded. The correlation between NA and cytological results was analyzed. Number of cells under microscopy, the non-diagnostic rate, and the significance between benignity and malignancy with different features of specimens were compared.@*Results@#There was no significant difference between the NA background and cytological findings(P=0.707, 0.200, 0.705, respectively). There was significance in number of cells, non-dianostic rate between thick and thinner specimens (P=0.000, 0.001, respectively). However, there was no significance in benignity and malignancy between thick and thinner specimens (P=0.385). There was significance in cytology results between the granulated and non-granulated smears(all P=0.000). The difference was found in 51.1% of the smears with granulates were malignancy in cytology. While 77.8% of the non-granulated smears were ultimately diagnosed as benignity.@*Conclusions@#The NA could be performed by a trained non-cytological physician and contribute to preliminary predictions of cytology effect.
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The purpose of this research was to study the estimated time of death using naked eye examination of the gastric content characteristics. To our knowledge, such research has not been documented in Thailand. The study samples were collected from cadavers on which autopsies had been performed in the Department of Forensic Medicine Siriraj Hospital from April 2001 to December 2002. All 120 bodies had had accurately documented the time of death and relatives or witnesses who could give proper details of the subjects’ last meal. After the autopsy and examination of the gastric contents by naked eye, the findings were categorized into 5 groups as follows : Group 1 : Can specify the type of food. The interval of time from last meal to death was 0.25 – 3.00 hours : X = 1.20, SD = 0.74. Group 2 : Very thick contents and can identify the composition of food. The interval of time after last meal to death was 0.75 – 5.00 hours : X = 2.59, SD = 0.86. Group 3 : Very thick contents but cannot specify the type of food. The interval of time after last meal to death was 3.50 – 6.5 hours : X = 4.16, SD = 0.81. Group 4 : Mixed thick and watery contents and cannot specify the type of food. The interval of time after last meal to death was 3.50 – 5.50 hours : X = 4.69, SD = 0.65. Group 5 : Watery contents and cannot specify the type of food. The interval of time from last meal to death was 6.00 – 8.00 hours : X = 6.96, SD = 0.81. The results of this research may be useful for estimating the time of death (in addition to other factors, e.g. rigor mortis). There are some limitations to this study and therefore, further research is recommended.