RESUMEN
Objectives: Azo dye accounts for majorly produced synthetic dye substances in industries, posing a threat to all possible life forms. This study was focused to isolate azo dye “Orange M2R” and “Green GS” degrading bacterial strain from textile effluent soil samples and optimization of their optimum physio-chemical growth conditions. Methodology: To achieve above-mentioned objective, sludge samples were collected from textile industrial area and were applied to 1%, 3% and 5% dye containing SM broth to observe the dye degrading capability of those samples that contain acclimatized bacteria. ABIS microbiology software (Advanced Bacterial Identification Software) was used to justify and determine the identity of these bacteria with the aid of results obtained from the biochemical tests that were undertaken. Results: Bacterial strains identified in this study were Enterococcus termitis, Enterococcus camelliae, Bacillus farraginis, Bacillus muralis, Paenibacillus macerans, Bacillus decolorationis, and Macrococcus brunensis. Out of these isolates Enterococcus termitis, Bacillus farraginis, Paenibacillus macerans, Bacillus decolorationis emerged out to be most potent decolourizer, being selected for further studies. Bacillus farraginis was identified as the best decolourizer of OM2R (Orange M2R) dye that decolourized 98% of the dye and Paenibacillus macerans showed maximum decolourization on GGS(Green GS) dye that decolourized 97% of the dye. The effect of pH, NaCl, temperature and initial concentration of dye was studied with an aim to determine the optimal conditions required for maximum decolourization. The research showed different decolourization rate with varying parameters. The optimum pH for decolourization of OM2R and GGS dye was 7.0, the optimum NaCl concentration for decolourization was 2%, initial dye concentration was 1% and the temperature was 37°C for optimum decolourization by the selected isolates. Conclusion: The findings are well acclimatized and have potentials for bioremediation in textile waste effluent treatment plants.
RESUMEN
La optimización de los medios de cultivo con fines industriales en la mayoría de los casos ha sido efectuada mediante procedimientos empíricos de ensayo y error. Empleando diversos métodos estadísticos es probable que el medio de cultivo original pueda ser optimizado, en muchos casos es posible obtener un medio que no solo sea más productivo, sino de menor o igual costo que el original. Se optimizó el medio de cultivo QBP para el crecimiento de las cepas del consorcio bacteriano BIOYAF capaz de degradar hidrocarburos del petróleo, empleando un Diseño de Factor Categórico Individual para determinar el tiempo de trabajo, un Diseño Factorial (24) para determinar los rangos de trabajo de concentración de los nutrientes y un Diseño de Superficie de Respuesta para optimizar las concentraciones. Las variables de respuesta de evaluación de los experimentos fueron masa húmeda, masa (UDO), conteo de viables, conductividad, pH y tensión superficial. El tiempo óptimo para el crecimiento de las cepas del consorcio BIOYAF es de seis horas. El medio de cultivo QBP con concentraciones óptimas de fosfato de amonio (3,19 g.L-1), sulfato de magnesio (0,04 g.L-1), levadura (3,77 g.L-1) y sacarosa (47,89 g.L-1) permite que la producción de biomasa aumente de 1,540 UDO a 3,082 UDO.
The optimization of culture media with industrial purposes, in most cases, has been made through empirical trial and error procedures. Using different statistical methods original culture media can be optimized, in many cases, is possible to obtain a more productive media, at the same cost as the original one. The culture media QBP was optimized for the growth of the bacterial consortium BIOYAF, which can degrade petroleum hydrocarbons, using a Categorical Individual Factor Design to determine the working time, a Factorial Design (24) to determine working range of elements concentration and a Surface Response Design to optimize the concentrations. The response variables of the experiments used in this work were: wet mass, mass (UDO), viable's count, conductivity, pH and surface tension. The optimal time for growth of the consortium was of six hours. The optimized QBP culture media (ammonium phosphate: 3.19; magnesium sulphate: 0,04; yeast extract : 3,77; sucrose: 47,89) allowed that the biomass' production increases of 1,540 UDO to 3,082 UDO.
Asunto(s)
Bacterias , Biomasa , Filtros BiológicosRESUMEN
All organisms that have been studied until now have been found to have differential distribution of simple sequence repeats (SSRs), with more SSRs in intergenic than in coding sequences. SSR distribution was investigated in Archaea genomes where complete chromosome sequences of 19 Archaea were analyzed with the program SPUTNIK to find di- to penta-nucleotide repeats. The number of repeats was determined for the complete chromosome sequences and for the coding and non-coding sequences. Different from what has been found for other groups of organisms, there is an abundance of SSRs in coding regions of the genome of some Archaea. Dinucleotide repeats were rare and CG repeats were found in only two Archaea. In general, trinucleotide repeats are the most abundant SSR motifs; however, pentanucleotide repeats are abundant in some Archaea. Some of the tetranucleotide and pentanucleotide repeat motifs are organism specific. In general, repeats are short and CG-rich repeats are present in Archaea having a CG-rich genome. Among the 19 Archaea, SSR density was not correlated with genome size or with optimum growth temperature. Pentanucleotide density had an inverse correlation with the CG content of the genome.