Effect of Dhat Syndrome on Body and Mind

Introduction: Physical and mental issues related with loss ofsemen or "dhat" results in a disorder called as Dhat syndrome.It is a culture-bound disorder portrayed by unseemly and overthe top pain of losing semen from one's body. Aim: The aimof the study was to find the socio-demographic determinantsassociated with this disorder along with finding out variousphysical complaints and co-morbid psychiatric disorders. Thestudy also focused on evaluating the quality of life of patients.Material and Methods: 100 patients were included in thisstudy with selective sampling technique. Diagnosis of Dhatsyndrome was made according to ICD-10 DCR criteria.Socio-demographic determinants, physical complaints werenoted down. HAM-A, BDI II inventory and SF36 scales wereapplied.Results: Age less than 24 years, illiteracy, marriage andpeople living in rural area were strong factors associated withDhat Syndrome. Generalized weakness and body pain weretwo complaints which were present in all the patients. Almostall the patients had moderate to severe score on HAM-A andBECK’s II inventory. SF36 PCS and MCS showed scores lessthan 11.Conclusion: Socio-demographic variables play a pivotal rolein Dhat syndrome. Physical symptoms and mental disorderwere common amongst people suffering from Dhat syndrome.The quality of life of these patients were hampered. It is aserious entity which affects the whole body and mind. It alsodisrupts the quality of life

A Cross Sectional Study Of Socio Demographic Profile And Psychiatric Co Morbidity In Patients Of Alcohol Dependence Syndrome

Background :Alcohol is a ordinary commodity, used since time immemorial. Psychiatric co morbidities have a high prevalence among patients of alcohol dependence and often pose challenges in their diagnosis and treatment and are found to be a major contributor to relapses. They raise a challenging question of how to provide the best integrated treatment to address both.Aim : To study the socio demographic profile and psychiatric co morbidity in patients of alcohol dependence syndrome.Objectives: 1. To study the socio demographic profile of alcohol dependence patients2. To determine the prevalence and type of psychiatric co-morbidity in alcohol dependent patients.Methodology : Aconsecutive sample of 100 Alcohol Dependence Syndrome patients attending outpatient were selected. Aquestionnaire was administered to collect sample and alcohol dependence characteristics. psychiatric co-morbidity evaluation was done using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI Plus) and the diagnosis was confirmed by using ICD-10.Results :Majority of the subjects were young adults with a mean age of 42 years, were illiterates, married, employed, belonged to rural background and from lower socio-economic status. psychiatric co-morbidities were present in 33% of population. More of affective spectrum (18%) as compared with lesser numbers of patients in the anxiety (11%) or psychotic spectrum (4%). psychiatric co-morbidity is significantly greater in those who are unemployed.Conclusions:The psychiatric co-morbidity was present in 33% of the population studied. More of affective spectrum, followed by anxiety spectrum and less number of them in psychotic spectrum. All psychiatric co-morbidities may need to be identified for patients diagnosed as alcohol dependence who present with longer duration of drinking and unemployed for effective and comprehensive management

Comorbilidad psiquiátrica y epilepsia en niños y adolescentes con discapacidades mentales / Psychiatric co-morbidity and epilepsy in children and adolescents with mental disability

La epilepsia es una condición médica de alta representación en la población infanto juvenil a nivel mundial, y si particularizamos esta en retrasados mentales, encontramos cifras bien elevadas en este tipo de población. Por tanto, no resulta raro el interés por estudiar si ella influye de alguna manera en el comportamiento de la comorbilidad psiquiátrica en niños y adolescentes con discapacidad cognitiva. Si a este acápite le añadimos la influencia de los síndromes genéticos y de la sicopatología parental en el comportamiento de la comorbilidad psiquiátrica de estos niños y adolescentes, estaremos obteniendo un compendio muy completo y actualizado sobre la influencia de importantes factores biológicos en esta particular condición. El objetivo de la presente revisión es profundizar en el conocimiento de este acápite y actualizarlo según los estudios más recientes y avanzados del tema. Se encontrará aquí la unanimidad de investigadores en el criterio de la influencia directa de estos factores en la mayor presencia de comorbilidades psiquiátricas en poblaciones de discapacitados cognitivos, así como los principales aspectos de ella que favorecen este comportamiento

Epilepsy is a medical condition of high representation in the infantile-youthful population at world level and if we characterize it in mentally retarded persons, it is possible to find very high figures in this type of population. Thus, it is usual the interest to study if it influence somehow in the behavior of psychiatric co-morbidity in children and adolescents presenting with cognitive inability. If to this paragraph we added the influence of genetic syndromes and of the parental psychopathology in the behavior of above mentioned co-morbidity in these children and adolescents, we will be achieving a very complete and updated compendium on the influence of significant biological factors in this particular condition. The objective of present review is to study in depth the knowledge of this paragraph and update it according the more recent and advanced studies on this subject. Here, we will found the researchers consensus in the criteria of the direct influence of these factors in the great presence of psychiatric co-morbidities in cognitive incapacited persons, as well as its major features favoring this behavior

El ABCD de la cesación de fumar: de la evidencia a la práctica clínica en medicina preventiva / The ABCD of smoking cessation: from evidence to clinical practice in preventive medicine

En el presente artículo se revisan aspectos epidemiológicos sobre el tabaquismo, mostrándolo como la enfermedad o causa de muerte más evitable en el mundo al día de hoy. Dada esta situación se plantea la importancia de la intervención médica en medicina preventiva, mostrando su efectividad por sobre otras aproximaciones alternativas. Se analizan las razones y limitaciones por las que los médicos no aplican estrategias de intervención antitabaco, incluyendo el hecho de que un porcentaje importante de los médicos fuma. Asimismo, se muestran las dificultades que pueden enfrentar los médicos al hacer una intervención, a la vez que se explican en detalle las intervenciones de las 5 A´s y el ABCD de dejar de fumar, resaltando que todo fumador es un paciente objetivo y que todo médico puede tratar fumadores. Un punto importante que destaca este artículo es la comorbilidad psiquiátrica de los fumadores particularmente con depresión; y entrega herramientas como la entrevista de Goldberg 12 (GHQ) para ser utilizado como screening o tamizage y así mejorar el sistema de triage y derivación cuando corresponde. Un último punto no menos importante es tocar el tema del fumar pasivo por el humo de terceras personas, se entregan datos acerca de su importancia y cómo intervenir con los pacientes

In the present article epidemiological aspects of Tobacco are being reviewed, showing it as a disease or the most avoidable cause of death in the world today. Under this predicament the importance of a medical intervention in preventive medicine is emphasized, showing its effectiveness upon other alternatives nonmedical approaches. We analyze the reasons and limitations why physicians do not apply such strategies of antitobacco interventions, including the fact that an important percentage of the physicians themselves smoke. We show the difficulties that doctors may find in facing smokers, and correspondingly explain in details interventions like the 5 A´s or the Latin-American ABCD for stopping smoking, reinforcing the fact that every smoker is a target patient and that every doctor can treat smokers. An important point highlighted in this article i psychiatric comorbidity between smokers particularly with depression, and we share some tools like GHQ 12 Goldberg test in order to be used as a screening tools for an adequate triage of the patientsor referral when necessary. A last but not least issue is the importance of discussing the problem of passive smoking both for the patient and the family, data is share don its relevance and a few tools in how to intervene with the patients

Psychiatric Comorbidity in Cases Admitted for Alcohol Dependence.

Background – Alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) is a medical disorder with some particular features resulting from a prolonged and heavy use of alcohol. When people with ADS present to a psychiatric service, they usually have developed other health problems. Objective – Since eastern Nepal has a heavy load of alcohol related problems, this hospital based descriptive study was carried out to observe psychiatric co-morbidity among inpatient-ADS cases. Method – In this cross sectional study of 60 consecutive inpatients, psychiatric co-morbidities were diagnosed according to the diagnostic criteria of ICD-10. Results – Mean age of the cases was 39.19 years, 75% were male and 90% were married. Three fourths used other substances besides alcohol; main being nicotine, opioid and cannabis. Eighty percent cases had one or other or more than one diagnosable psychiatric illness, including ICD-10 mental and behavioral disorders in 63% and personality problems severe enough to affect the course of substance use disorder in 48% of the total cases. The most common psychiatric disorder in ADS cases was anxiety disorders, followed by mood affective disorders, and psychotic illness. Among the personality problems, dissocial plus narcissistic, and anxious group were common. Conclusion – Psychiatric co-morbidity is common in people with alcohol dependence.