Desarrollo linguo-comunicativo en el Inglés con fines profesionales. Un estudio de caso

Un apreciable impacto lo constituye el desarrollo linguo-comunicativo en el Inglés con fines profesionales del estomatólogo para la comunicación profesional, sus habilidades comunicativas mejoran con la práctica intensiva y extensiva del idioma extranjero, lo cual garantiza adaptar la comunicación a los contextos diversos (docencia, asistencia e investigación) y posibilita la construcción de un discurso basado en su producción oral. Presentamos el caso de una estomatóloga que ingresó en el curso de superación idiomática y descubrimos aptitudes para la lengua extranjera, se les realizaron pruebas orales y escritas en situaciones comunicativas profesionales y su trayectoria se elevó con su preparación hasta obtener los niveles B1 y B2 según el Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas y sus suscriptores. El desarrollo linguo-comunicativo en el Inglés con Fines Profesionales (IFP) en estomatología si no se entrena con sistematicidad implica una disminución en lo lingüístico-profesional estomatológica y reduce ampliamente el nivel científico actualizado por los resultados que el mundo de la ciencia estomatológica engloba en los circuitos internacionales de poder de información anglófonos. Ante la creciente demanda de la preparación idiomática para los profesionales de la salud de la provincia, se necesita evaluar y entrenar la capacidad lingüístico-profesional en los estomatólogos. El estudio de caso demuestra que con una intensiva y extensiva práctica del IFP se puede comunicar el estomatólogo en los contextos diversos (docencia, asistencia e investigación).

An appreciable impact is the linguo-communicative development in English for professional purposes of the stomatologist for professional communication, their communicative skills improve with the intensive and extensive practice of the foreign language, which guarantees to adapt communication to different contexts (teaching, assistance and research) and enables the construction of a discourse based on their oral production. We present the case of a stomatologist who entered the language improvement course and we discovered foreign language skills, oral and written tests were carried out in professional communicative situations and her career rose with her preparation to obtain levels B1 and B2 according to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages and its subscribers. The linguo-communicative development in English for Professional Purposes (IFP) in stomatology if it is not trained systematically implies a decrease in the linguistic-professional stomatology and greatly reduces the scientific level updated by the results that the world of stomatological science encompasses in the international circuits of English-speaking information power. Given the growing demand for language preparation for health professionals in the province, it is necessary to evaluate and train the linguistic-professional capacity in stomatologists. The case study demonstrates that with an intensive and extensive practice of the IFP the stomatologist can communicate in the different contexts (teaching, assistance and research).

Um impacto apreciável é o desenvolvimento linguo-comunicativo em inglês para fins profissionais do estomatologista para a comunicação profissional, suas habilidades comunicativas melhoram com a prática intensiva e extensiva da língua estrangeira, o que garante a adaptação da comunicação a diferentes contextos (ensino, assistência e pesquisa) e possibilita a construção de um discurso a partir de sua produção oral. Apresentamos o caso de uma estomatóloga que ingressou no curso de aperfeiçoamento linguístico e descobrimos habilidades em língua estrangeira, testes orais e escritos foram realizados em situações comunicativas profissionais e sua carreira aumentou com sua preparação para obter os níveis B1 e B2 de acordo com o Quadro Europeu Comum de Referência para Línguas e seus assinantes. O desenvolvimento linguo-comunicativo em Inglês para Fins Profissionais (IFP) em estomatologia, se não for treinado sistematicamente, implica uma diminuição da estomatologia linguístico-profissional e reduz sobremaneira o nível científico, atualizado pelos resultados que o mundo da ciência estomatológica engloba nos circuitos internacionais de poder informacional de língua inglesa. Dada a crescente demanda de preparação linguística para os profissionais de saúde na província, faz-se necessário avaliar e treinar a capacidade linguístico-profissional em estomatologistas. O estudo de caso demonstra que com uma prática intensiva e extensiva do IFP o estomatologista pode se comunicar nos diferentes contextos (ensino, assistência e pesquisa).

Antecedentes históricos de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la construcción textual escrita en inglés con fines médicos / Historical background of the teaching- learning of written textual construction in English for medical purposes

RESUMEN La enseñanza-aprendizaje del inglés en las universidades médicas ha experimentado cambios de planes de estudios para responder a las demandas de la sociedad relacionada con la formación integral de profesionales de la salud con un determinado nivel de competencia comunicativa en los subcódigos oral y escrito. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los antecedentes históricos de la construcción textual escrita en la enseñanza aprendizaje del inglés con fines médicos en Cuba. Los métodos del nivel teórico histórico-lógico y análisis-síntesis permitieron el conocimiento de los principales antecedentes y tendencias en el desarrollo de esta temática y la determinación de su historicidad. La revisión de documentos normativos de la carrera Medicina y la bibliografía consultada permitieron la recopilación de información y el establecimiento de las principales tendencias que han caracterizado la construcción textual escrita en inglés con fines médicos.

ABSTRACT The teaching-learning process of English in medical universities has undergone study plan changes to match the demands of the society related to the integral formation of health professionals with communicative competence in English, in the oral and in the written sub-code as well. The objective of the present paper is to analyze the historical background of the written text construction in the teaching-learning process of English for medical purposes in Cuba. The methods of theoretical historical-logical level and analysis-synthesis allowed the knowledge of the main tendencies in the development of this theme and the determination of its historicity. The review of normative documents of the Medicine career and the consulted bibliography on the topic, allowed the compilation of information presented and the establishment of the main trends that have characterized the textual construction written in English for medical purposes.

Dinámicas y tensiones entre los fines retributivos y los fines restaurativos de la pena en el modelo de justicia transicional colombiano. Un análisis desde el Acuerdo Final de paz de 2016 / Dynamics and tensions between the retributive and restorative purposes of punishment in the Colombian transitional justice model. An analysis from the 2016 Final Peace Agreement / Dinâmica e tensões entre os propósitos retributivos e restaurativos de punição no modelo de justiça transicional colombiano. Uma análise do Acordo Final de Paz de 2016

El 24 de noviembre del 2016 se firmó en Bogotá el Acuerdo final para la terminación del conflicto y la construcción de una paz estable y duradera, por el gobierno colombiano y la guerrilla de las Farc-EP. Este acuerdo creó la Jurisdicción Especial para la Paz (JEP) como parte central de un sistema de justicia transicional que privilegia la restauración frente a la retribución tradicional. Asimismo, estableció las sanciones que pueden ser impuestas a los responsables de delitos cometidos en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano y que no implican necesariamente la cárcel, lo que ha dado lugar a un abierto debate social y político. Aquí se analiza la concepción tradicional y los fines de la pena en el Derecho Penal para establecer sus diferencias con las sanciones y fines de la justicia transicional colombiana. Se concluye que este modelo trasciende los límites del Derecho Penal retributivo y ha sido desarrollado por una legislación que respeta la Constitución y los estándares del Derecho Internacional y de los derechos humanos, al tiempo que contribuye al logro de una paz con justicia en Colombia.

On November 24, 2016, the Final Agreement for the Termination of the Conflict and the Construction of a Stable and Lasting Peace, was signed in Bogota by the Colombian government and the Farc-EP (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-Ejército del Pueblo) guerrillas. This Final Agreement created a SPJ or Special Peace Jurisdiction (J.E.P.), and a transitional justice system that privileges restoration over traditional retribution. It also established the sanctions that can be imposed on those responsible for crimes committed in the context of the Colombian armed conflict, and which do not necessarily involve prison, which has given rise to an open social and political debate. This paper analyses the traditional conception and the purposes of punishment in criminal law to establish its differences with the sanctions and purposes of Colombian transitional justice. It is concluded that this model transcends the limits of retributive criminal law and has been developed by legislation that respects the Constitution and the standards of international law and human rights, while contributing to the achievement of peace with justice in Colombia.

Em 24 de novembro de 2016, o Acordo Final para o Término do Conflito e a Construção de uma Paz Estável e Duradoura foi assinado em Bogotá pelo governo colombiano e pelos guerrilheiros das FARC-EP. Este acordo criou a Jurisdição Especial para a Paz (JEP) como parte central de um sistema de justiça de transição que privilegia a restauração em detrimento da retribuição tradicional. Também estabeleceu as sanções que podem ser impostas aos responsáveis por crimes cometidos no contexto do conflito armado colombiano e que não necessariamente envolvem a prisão, o que deu origem a um debate social e político aberto. Aqui analisamos a concepção tradicional e os objetivos da punição no direito penal a fim de estabelecer como ela difere das sanções e dos objetivos da justiça transicional colombiana. Conclui-se que este modelo transcende os limites do direito penal retributivo e foi desenvolvido por uma legislação que respeita a Constituição e as normas do direito internacional e dos direitos humanos, ao mesmo tempo em que contribui para a conquista da paz com justiça na Colômbia.

Effectiveness of English curriculum reform from the perspective of English for specific purposes: taking Chongqing Medical University as an example / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the effectiveness of college English curriculum reform for undergraduates in Chongqing Medical University from the perspective of English for specific purposes (ESP).Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among the nursing undergraduates in Batch 2018 for investigation of their needs on English curriculum setting, then corresponding reform measures were made and carried out among the nursing undergraduates in Batch 2019 for 1 school-term, and then their satisfaction degree to the college English curriculum reform was investigated. SPSS statistical software was used to count the number and proportion of each option for the collected data.Results:The results showed that 56.78% (272/479) of the respondents in Batch 2019 were satisfied with the college English curriculum reform and 88.1% (422/479) were satisfied with the reform of nursing English curriculum.Conclusion:The curriculum reform should take both learners' individual needs and their occupational target needs into full consideration. It is necessary to create more opportunities for learners to practice English speaking and reading. In addition, the ESP teachers can enhance their competence and confidence in ESP teaching by preparing lessons together. Needs analysis-based English curriculum reform is conducive to the improvement of English teaching effectiveness.

Exploration on writing features and learning strategies of English biomedical research papers / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Writing and publishing biomedical research papers in English for academic purposes (EAP) has become an essential requirement for medical postgraduates in China. To face this challenge, medical postgraduates need adapt themselves to the local environment of English as a second language and the transformation from writing for examinations to writing for application. This change determines the features of biomedical research papers, including being application-oriented, using clear and concise language, organizing the discourse by specific genre rules, and assessing the quality according to the completion of communicative purposes. Based on these features, students can exploit the learning strategies of choosing a word suited for the style, structuring a sentence according to the logic, creating a paragraph of continuity and one main idea, and composing the discourse in line with the genre. These strategies may help medical postgraduates effectively improve their ability to write biomedical research papers in English.

Abordaje histórico del proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de Inglés con Fines Específicos en la carrera de Estomatología / Historical overview of the teaching and learning of English for special purposes in undergraduate dental training

Introducción: A través del tiempo la enseñanza-aprendizaje de Inglés con Fines Específicos en la carrera de Estomatología ha variado, en respuesta los procesos histórico-sociales que han supuesto cambios en el modelo de formación del estomatólogo. Objetivo: Describir la evolución de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de Inglés con Fines Específicos en la carrera de Estomatología en Cuba. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio histórico-descriptivo, desde marzo de 2017 hasta septiembre de 2019. Se recogió información a través de la entrevista a informantes clave y se revisaron artículos científicos relacionados con el tema de investigación, literatura básica de la carrera y otros documentos de relevancia. Se organizó la información cronológicamente y se agrupó en etapas a partir de hechos que han significado un cambio cualitativo en el desarrollo de la enseñanza-aprendizaje de Inglés con Fines Específicos en la carrera de Estomatología en Cuba. Resultados: La enseñanza-aprendizaje de Inglés con Fines Específicos en la carrera de Estomatología en Cuba se organizó en cuatro etapas. Se reveló la necesidad de concretar un objetivo instructivo general relacionado con el desarrollo de habilidades comunicativas profesionales en inglés y un programa adecuado a las funciones del profesional. La metodología de Inglés con Fines Específicos se ha perfeccionado, desde el aprendizaje memorístico hasta el uso del enfoque comunicativo. La evaluación se encamina hacia la evaluación formativa, aunque en su concepción aún se aprecian prácticas evaluativas tradicionales que no consideran su potencialidad como vehículo para el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa profesional. Conclusiones: A pesar de que se han apreciado avances en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de Inglés con Fines Específicos en la carrera de Estomatología en Cuba, todavía se aprecian insuficiencias relacionadas con la falta de adecuación de los programas al modelo de profesional y el insuficiente aprovechamiento de la evaluación para favorecer el desarrollo de la competencia comunicativa profesional(AU)

Introduction: The teaching and learning of English for special purposes in undergraduate dental training has changed throughout time, in response to historical and social processes which have imposed changes on the dental training model. Objective: Describe the evolution of the teaching and learning of English for special purposes in undergraduate dental training in Cuba. Methods: A historical-descriptive study was conducted from March 2017 to September 2019. Information was collected from interviews with key informants, and a review was carried out of scientific papers related to the study topic, basic undergraduate bibliography and other relevant documents. The data were ordered chronologically and grouped into periods based on milestones implying a qualitative change in the development of the teaching and learning of English for special purposes in undergraduate dental training in Cuba. Results: The teaching and learning of English for special purposes in undergraduate dental training in Cuba was arranged into four periods. It was found that it is necessary to define a general instructional objective related to the development of professional communicative skills in English, as well as a syllabus adjusted to the functions of professionals. The teaching methodology of English for special purposes has evolved from rote learning to the use of a communicative approach. Evaluation is now aimed at formative assessment, though traditional evaluation practices are still found in its design which do not consider its potential as a vehicle for the development of professional communicative competence. Conclusions: Despite the progress achieved by the teaching and learning of English for special purposes in undergraduate dental training in Cuba, deficiencies are still found which have to do with scarce adjustment of syllabuses to the professional model and insufficient use of evaluation to foster the development of professional communicative competence(AU)

Construction of a digital course of biomedical research papers writing in English / 中华医学教育探索杂志

After in-depth needs analysis, we combined our previously written textbook with digitalized platform by information technology, and proposed construction principles guided by English for academic purposes (EAP) theories. Through scientific design and ongoing modification, we finally developed an open online digital course with academic and practical properties. The course received positive feedback after release online. It may become an effective way to improve research paper writing skills for medical postgraduates and provide references for medical colleges to develop other EAP digital courses.

Motivos y hábitos que inciden sobre la práctica de actividad física en estudiantes de secundaria / Motivos e hábitos que incidem sobre a prática da atividade física nos estudantes de secundária / Reasons and habits that affect the practice of physical activity in high school students

Resumen La práctica de actividad física presume de numerosos beneficios en virtud de la forma en que se lleve a cabo, además de los propósitos que se desean alcanzar, a partir de los objetivos conocer y analizar, los motivos y hábitos con respecto a la práctica de actividad física en estudiantes de tercer grado de nivel secundario de una escuela de ciudad Obregón, Sonora. El diseño de la presente investigación es mixto. Se utilizó un muestreo por conveniencia que estuvo conformado por 96 estudiantes del tercer grado de secundaria; todos con 14 años de edad. Se utilizó el cuestionario "Yesterday Activity Cheklist", adaptado para jóvenes de 10 a 16 años, así como la revisión documental y la observación. Entre los resultados obtenidos, se tiene que la frecuencia con la que las niñas realizan actividad física es menor al ser comparada con los niños, lo que resulta bajo en ambos casos. El motivo determinante por el que practican actividad física es porque les gusta y se divierten; un dato alarmante es que parte de la población no practica actividad física por falta de tiempo y el mayor porcentaje predomina en los niños. A partir de todos estos resultados, se pretende que docentes y padres de familia promuevan la actividad física con sus alumnos e hijos para favorecer la calidad de vida de estos.

Resumo A prática da atividade física pressupõe inúmeros benefícios em virtude da forma como é praticada, para além dos propósitos que se pretendem atingir, com base nos objectivos de conhecer e analisar, os motivos e hábitos relativos à prática da atividade física nos alunos do 3º ano de uma escola da cidade de Obregon, Sonora. A concepção do presente inquérito é mista. Foi utilizada uma amostragem de conveniência, que foi conformada por 96 alunos do terceiro ano do ensino secundário; todos com 14 anos de idade. Foi utilizado o questionário "Yesterday Activity Cheklist", adaptado para jovens dos 10 aos 16 anos de idade, bem como a revisão e observação documental. Entre os resultados obtidos, a frequência com que as raparigas realizam atividade física é menor quando comparada com a dos rapazes, o que é baixo em ambos os casos. A razão determinante para praticarem atividade física é porque gostam dela e se divertem; um facto preocupante é que parte da população não pratica atividade física devido à falta de tempo e a maior percentagem predomina nos rapazes. Com base em todos estes resultados, espera-se que os professores e os pais promovam a atividade física com os seus alunos e filhos para melhorar a sua qualidade de vida.

Abstract The practice of physical activity presumes numerous benefits by virtue of the way in which it is carried out, in addition to the purposes that are desired to achieve, based on the objectives to know and analyze, the reasons and habits with respect to the practice of physical activity in third grade students of a school in Obregon City, Sonora Mexico. The design of this research is mixed. A convenience sampling was used, which was conformed by 96 students of the third grade of high school; all of them with 14 years of age. The questionnaire "Yesterday Activity Cheklist" was used, adapted for young people from 10 to 16 years old, as well as documentary review and observation. Among the results obtained, the frequency with which girls perform physical activity is lower when compared to boys, which is low in both cases. The determining reason why they practice physical activity is because they like it and have fun, and an alarming fact is that part of the population does not practice physical activity due to lack of time and the greater percentage predominates in boys. Based on all these results, the aim is for teachers and parents to promote physical activity with their students and children in order to improve their quality of life.

Análisis histórico tendencial del desarrollo de la enseñanza aprendizaje del inglés con fines médicos en Cuba / Historical-trend analysis of the development of English teaching learning process for medical purposes in Cuba

RESUMEN La enseñanza-aprendizaje del inglés con fines médicos ha experimentado cambios metodológicos ante la necesidad de formar profesionales de la salud altamente competitivos ante las exigencias de la colaboración médica internacional. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo realizar un análisis histórico-tendencial del desarrollo de la enseñanza-aprendizaje del inglés con fines médicos en Cuba. En la investigación se asumió la dialéctica materialista como método general de la ciencia. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos, empíricos y matemático-estadísticos que posibilitaron el conocimiento de la evolución y desarrollo del objeto de investigación para revelar su historia, las etapas principales en su desarrollo y las conexiones históricas fundamentales, así como el análisis crítico de la información contentiva en documentos normativos y materiales sobre la temática. Se estableció la existencia de tres etapas fundamentales en el desarrollo de su enseñanza y aprendizaje determinadas por las exigencias didácticas y los sustentos teóricos asumidos.

ABSTRACT The teaching-learning process of English for medical purposes has undergone methodological changes in view of the need to train highly competitive health professionals in the face of the demands of international medical collaboration. The objective of this work is to perform a historical-trend analysis of the development of teaching-learning process of English for medical purposes in Cuba. In the investigation, the materialist dialectic was assumed as the general method of science. Theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical methods were used that allowed the knowledge of the evolution and development of the research object to reveal its history, the main stages in its development and the fundamental historical connections, as well as the critical analysis of the content information in normative documents and materials on the subject. It was established the existence of three fundamental stages in the development of their teaching and learning determined by the didactic demands and the assumed theoretical foundations.

Research on the compilation of academic English writing textbooks for postgraduate in medical colleges / 中华医学教育探索杂志

With globalization of biomedicine,Chinese postgraduates in medical colleges are facing increasing challenges.Writing and publishing research papers in English have become an essential requirement for their graduation and career development,but for non-native English speakers,having a good command of English for academic purposes (EAP) is of special difficulty.In China,lack of self-written textbooks is a bottleneck that restricts the teaching of EAP.Therefore,guided by EAP theories,this study carries out in-depth demand analysis for graduate students in medical colleges and universities,and designs a textbook framework with genre analysis theory.Based on self-established corpus finally completed an EAP writing textbook for postgraduates of biomedicine.This textbook and the writing and research process can provide implications for construction of EAP textbooks in other principles,thus promoting the all-round development of postgraduate education in China.

Exploration of the post competency-based teaching mode of English for medical laboratory / 中华医学教育探索杂志

English for medical laboratory is an instrumental course,which aims to develop students'competency in reading English literature,writing English scientific papers and conducting international academic exchanges in English.With the continuous expansion and deepening of international exchange and cooperation in laboratory medicine and the demands for training international talents in higher education in China,higher requirements have been put forward for the teaching quality of this course.According to the post competency requirements for professionals of medical laboratory,this paper mainly discusses the teaching mode of English for medical laboratory from the aspectsof educational concept,teaching material construction,teaching mode,assessment mechanism and teachers,hoping to play an active role in the teaching reform of English for medical laboratory at the undergraduate level.

The educational purposes of Physical Education - curricular dialogues between Brazil and Portugal

Abstract Aim: The paper aims to analyse the educational purposes of Physical Education (PE) present in the national documents and programmes created in Brazil and Portugal that are geared towards its teaching in elementary schools. Methods: Since the research is of a theoretical-conceptual, documentary type character, content analysis was used to identify the category matrices of the sources analysed. Results: The results suggest approaches and specific features in skills development which are analysed and discussed based on the scientific production of the area's academic-professional field. The predominance of operational competencies is limited towards practicing PE activities, which is consistent with the pedagogical theory of competency formation. Conclusion: This concept maintains that tacit knowledge and sensory experiences are essential for performance. However, the implementation of cognitive and affective competencies are important tools for performance, particularly with adolescent students.

Flipped classroom for English biomedical research paper writing based on collaborative teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

English biomedical research paper writing is a key skill for biomedical postgraduates as it directly determines the publicity of their research findings and their international academic influence. It belongs to the field of ESP (English for Specific Purposes), and has the characteristics of diversified students, specialized and complicated teaching content, and a curriculum with time and space constraints. Based on the characteristics, needs analysis of this course as well as years of discipline construction and teaching research, the flipped classroom for English biomedical research paper writing based on collaborative teaching is put forward, which has combined the advantages of both collaborative teaching and flipped classroom: it integrates the knowledge expertise of biomedical teachers and English teachers to meet the requirements for ESP teachers; in the meantime, it has broken the time and space constraints of traditional classroom through "after-class knowledge input and in-class knowledge extension and deepening", blazing new trails for course delivery.

La expresión escrita a partir del tratamiento del Inglés con fines específicos en la carrera de Estomatología / Writing skill through the handling of English for specific purposes in Dentistry pre-grade studies

Introducción: la enseñanza del idioma Inglés constituye un valioso instrumento de trabajo en la formación de los profesionales de la salud y el desarrollo de la expresión escrita es fundamental para el desempeño profesional del futuro egresado. Objetivo: desarrollar la expresión escrita a partir del tratamiento del inglés con fines específicos. Materiales y Métodos: se realizó una investigación que culminó con la aplicación de un pre-experimento pedagógico en la Filial Médica de Colón durante el período comprendido de septiembre de 2015 a junio del 2016. La muestra estuvo conformada por los 16 estudiantes que componen el 4to año de la carrera de Estomatología. Se emplearon métodos del nivel teórico y empírico como el analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, revisión y análisis de documentos, observación, además de otras técnicas de obtención de la información directa y de procedimientos estadísticos. Resultados: el diagnóstico inicial del estado de la habilidad de escritura reveló que el 18,7 % de los estudiantes se ubicó en el nivel alto, el 50 % en el nivel medio y 31,2 % en el nivel bajo. La etapa de constatación mostró que el 68,7 %, 18,7 % y 12,5 % se ubicaron en los niveles alto, medio y bajo respectivamente evidenciándose un aumento considerable de estos indicadores. Conclusiones: el sistema de actividades contribuyó a desarrollar la expresión escrita al vincularse con la terminología de estomatología y demandar el empleo de funciones comunicativas y construcción textual en situaciones de su ámbito académico y ocupacional lo que favoreció el logro del objetivo trazado (AU).

Background: the English language teaching is a valuable working tool in health professionals training and the development of writing skills is very important for the professional performance of the future graduated. Aim: to develop the writing skills through the handling of English for specific purposes. Materials and Methods: a research that finished with the application of a pedagogical pre-experiment was carried out in the Matanzas Medical University branch of Colón from September 2015 to June 2016. The sample was made up by 16 4th-year Dentistry students. Several methods of the theoretical and empirical levels were used such as the analytical-synthetic one, the inductive-deductive, documents reviewing and analysis, observation, other techniques of gathering direct information and statistical procedures. Outcomes: the initial diagnosis of the writing skill revealed that 18,7 % of the students were in the high level, 50 % in the middle and 31,2 % in the low one. The assessment stage showed a 68,7 %, 18,7 % y 12,5 % of them in the high, middle and low levels respectively, evidencing a considerable increase of these indicators. Conclusions: the sistema of activities, contributed to develop the writing skill because it was linked to Dentistry terminology and required the usage of communicative functions and test structures in situations of the students' academic and occupational environment, favoring the achievement of the proposed objective (AU).

Consideraciones sobre el desarrollo de la enseñanza del inglés con fines específicos en la formación del Licenciado en Enfermería / Considerations about the development of teaching English for Specific Purposes in Bachelor of Nursing

RESUMEN Introducción: el inglés en Cuba, se considera la segunda lengua prioritaria en la enseñanza. El inglés con Fines Específicos surge, como respuesta a la necesidad de aprender esta lengua como medio de estudio o herramienta de trabajo, adaptándose a las necesidades profesionales. Objetivo: analizar el aporte del estudio de la enseñanza de la disciplina inglés en la formación del profesional de Enfermería. Métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática y reflexiva de documentos, artículos originales y de revisión publicados en varias revistas en inglés y español, desde el 2001 hasta el 2016. Se analizaron 34 artículos en publicaciones nacionales e internacionales indexadas en las bases de datos Dialnet, Medline y Scielo. Se revisaron 18 artículos a profundidad, tesis y libros que permitieron el análisis a través de los métodos teóricos, específicamente el histórico lógico de la evolución del tema enunciado. Se definieron razonamientos que defienden las funciones de la enseñanza del inglés con Fines Específicos en la formación del licenciado en enfermería. Conclusiones: desde su inserción, el inglés con Fines Específicos ha sido un enfoque de la enseñanza-aprendizaje basado en las necesidades específicas de aprendizaje del inglés que tienen los estudiantes. Este enfoque satisface las exigencias que el desempeño profesional plantea a la formación del Licenciado en Enfermería en relación con su competencia comunicativa ya que favorece la construcción del conocimiento a través de la resolución de problemas en las diferentes esferas de su actuación profesional(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: English in Cuba, is considered the second priority language in education. English for Specific Purposes comes in response to the need to learn this language as a means of study or tool of work, adapting to the professional needs. Objective: To analyze the contribution of the study of English discipline in the Bachelor in Nursing. Methods: A systematic and thoughtful review, of documents, original and review articles published in various journals in English and Spanish, from 2001 up to 2016. 34 items were analyzed in publications of national and international journals indexed in Dialnet bases, Medline and Scielo data. There were identified and reviewed 18 in depth articles, theses, as well as updated books that allowed an analysis through theoretical methods, specifically the logical historical evolution of the theme enunciated. The functions and duties of teaching English for Specific Purposes in the formation of a degree in nursing were defined. Conclusions: English for Specific Purposes, since its inception, has been an approach based on the specific needs to teaching-learning that the students have. This approach meets the demands of professional performance raises training Degree in Nursing in relation to their communicative competence as it encourages the construction of knowledge through problem solving in different areas of their performance(AU)

Management and Clinical Application of Food for Special Medical Purposes as Enteral Nutrition Prepara-tion / 中国药师

Enteral nutrition preparation is one of most important tools to perform clinical nutrition support. Food for special medi-cal purposes ( FMSP) as a special category of enteral nutrition preparation was developed from foods gradually. At present, the man-agement of FMSP bases on the evidence at home and its development has been accelerated. A complete understanding and appropriate use of FMSP will become one essential clinical skill for doctors, pharmacists and dietitians in a multidisciplinary medical team. The re-view revealed the current situation of FMSP and addressed the authors' understanding on the differences between FMSP, medications and foods in order to provide reference for the clinical application of FMSP.

Management and Clinical Application of Food for Special Medical Purposes as Enteral Nutrition Prepara-tion / 中国药师

Enteral nutrition preparation is one of most important tools to perform clinical nutrition support. Food for special medi-cal purposes ( FMSP) as a special category of enteral nutrition preparation was developed from foods gradually. At present, the man-agement of FMSP bases on the evidence at home and its development has been accelerated. A complete understanding and appropriate use of FMSP will become one essential clinical skill for doctors, pharmacists and dietitians in a multidisciplinary medical team. The re-view revealed the current situation of FMSP and addressed the authors' understanding on the differences between FMSP, medications and foods in order to provide reference for the clinical application of FMSP.

Desarrollo de la expresión oral en el inglés con fines específicos en la carrera Medicina / Development of Speaking in English for Specific Purposes in the Medical career

En la educación médica cubana se ha diseñado un currículo para el cumplimiento de su encargo social donde se inserta la enseñanza del inglés. Actualmente constituye una prioridad trabajar en la búsqueda de estrategias que favorezcan el perfeccionamiento idiomático de los egresados, en este sentido se desarrolló una investigación en la Filial de Ciencias Médicas de Colón con el objetivo de desarrollar la expresión oral en el inglés con fines específicos en el tercer año de la carrera de Medicina. Se emplearon métodos como el análisis de documentos, la observación participante, y los registros anecdóticos. El sistema de actividades aplicado favorece la negociación de significados, toma de riesgos, mayor precisión al expresar ideas, así como el acercamiento del uso del idioma en situaciones reales con lo cual se logra mayor motivación, objetividad del aprendizaje e independencia, al emplear las habilidades lingüísticas para su desempeño profesional.

In Cuban medical education, a curriculum in which English is integrated, is designed to fulfill a social mission. Presently, it is a priority to identify strategies that support the idiomatic improvement of graduates. To this end, an investigation was developed in the University of Medical Sciences of Matanzas at Colon Campus with the objective of developing speaking in English for Specific Purposes in the third-year of the medical program of study. Methods such as document analysis, participant observation, and review of anecdotal records were used. The resulting system of activities favors the negotiation of meaning, risk-taking, improved precision to express ideas and the expanded use of English language in real situations. This results in greater motivation, learning objectivity and independence to use language skills for their professional performance.

La educación posgraduada de Inglés con fines específicos para profesionales de la Facultad de Estomatología / Postgraduate Education of English for Specific Purposes for professionals of the School of Dentistry

Introducción: la educación de posgrado constituye una prioridad para el desarrollo profesional del egresado y del país. Esta tiene actualmente dos propósitos: perfeccionar y desarrollar los claustros, así como satisfacer la demanda del país para el mejoramiento de la economía y los servicios. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento de la educación posgraduada de Inglés con fines específicos para profesionales de la salud de la Facultad de Estomatología de La Habana. Métodos: estudio descriptivo con métodos teóricos de análisis y síntesis de revisiones bibliográficas y documentales que incluyeron el Reglamento de Posgrado del Ministerio de Educación Superior, otros documentos normativos y los programas de los cursos de Inglés con fines específicos. Resultados: se detectó que el posgrado de Inglés con fines específicos constituye un motor impulsor para la cooperación médica en países de habla inglesa, la promoción de categorías docentes y la obtención de grados científicos. El programa de los cursos está orientado hacia el desarrollo de un sistema de habilidades comunicativas profesionales en idioma inglés en correspondencia con las particularidades de la profesión y sus modos de actuación, además de un sistema de funciones comunicativas y habilidades lingüísticas que el estomatólogo necesita en su comunicación profesional. Conclusiones: el posgrado de Inglés con fines específicos constituye un requerimiento esencial para mantener y fortalecer la competencia comunicativa y el desempeño exitoso del estomatólogo en el uso de la lengua inglesa como medio de comunicación profesional. Para mantener su calidad se debe ampliar y consolidar los conocimientos, las funciones comunicativas y habilidades ya existentes.

Introduction: postgraduate education is a priority for the development of the graduate and the country. Nowadays, it has two purposes: to improve and develop the teaching staff and to satisfy the demand of the country for the improvement of the economy and the services. Objectives: to describe the behavior of the postgraduate education of English for Specific Purposes for the health professionals of the School of Dentistry of Havana. Methods: a descriptive study was made with theoretical methods of analysis and synthesis of bibliographical and documentary reviews including the Postgraduate Rules of the Ministry of Higher Education, other rules and regulations and the English for Specific Purposes syllabuses. Results: it was detected that the postgraduate courses of English for Specific Purposes is the driving force for the Cuban medical cooperation in English speaking countries, the promotion of Academic Rank and/or getting a PhD. The syllabuses of the courses are aimed at the development of a system of professional communicative skills in English in accordance with the characteristics of the profession and its action modes, plus a system of communicative functions and linguistic skills needed by the dentist in their professional communication. Conclusions: the postgraduate course of English for Specific Purposes is an essential requirement to keep and strengthen the communicative competence and the successful performance of the dentist in the use of the English language as a means of professional communication. To maintain its quality, the knowlegde and the existing language functions and skills must be strengthened and broaden.

"On the teaching mode of specialized English in the class of""excellent physicians"" based on the educational structure theory" / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Based on the educational structure theory, the difference between mass education and elite education is probed at the macroscopic level to make it clear that the essence of Physician education and training program of excellence is elite education for occupational purposes; at the mi-croscopic level the orientation of English teaching for the class ofexcellent physicians is determined as English for occupational purposes. Moreover, the curriculum system of medical English is designed, and teaching materials associated with clinical medicine are selected, the language laboratory simulat-ing hospital scenes is constructed, and the transboundary team of teachers is built comprising university teachers and doctors in hospitals. At the level of individual, the competency model of English forexcellent physicianshas been developed, English competence requirements in medical industry being clearly established . In a word , the study of macrostructure points out the direction and target of English teaching for excellent physicians; the study of microstructure perfects the mode of English teaching forexcellent physicians;and the study of individual structure indicates the ultimate foothold of English education forexcellent physicians. Three aspects are integrated into an organic whole.