Determining the protective effects of Ma-Mu-Ran Antidiarrheal Capsules against acute DSS-induced enteritis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fecal metabolomics / 中国天然药物

Ma-Mu-Ran Antidiarrheal Capsules (MMRAC) is traditional Chinese medicine that has been used to treat diarrhea caused by acute enteritis (AE) and bacillary dysentery in Xinjiang (China) for many years. However, the potential therapeutic mechanism of MMRAC for AE and its regulatory mechanism on host metabolism is unclear. This study used fecal metabolomics profiling with GC/MS and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis to explore the potential regulatory mechanisms of MMRAC on a dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced mouse model of AE. Fecal metabolomics-based analyses were performed to detect the differentially expressed metabolites and metabolic pathways. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis was used to assess the altered gut microbes at the genus level and for functional prediction. Moreover, Pearson correlation analysis was used to integrate differentially expressed metabolites and altered bacterial genera. The results revealed that six intestinal bacteria and seven metabolites mediated metabolic disorders (i.e., metabolism of amino acid, carbohydrate, cofactors and vitamins, and lipid) in AE mice. Besides, ten altered microbes mediated the differential expression of eight metabolites and regulated these metabolisms after MMRAC administration. Overall, these findings demonstrate that AE is associated with metabolic disorders and microbial dysbiosis. Further, we present that MMRAC exerts protective effects against AE by improving host metabolism through the intestinal flora.

CHU Hao-ran's experience in treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome with acupuncture and moxibustion / 中国针灸

Professor CHU Hao-ran believes that the clinical diagnosis and treatment of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome with acupuncture and moxibustion should concentrate on the integration of disease and syndrome differentiation. According to the evolution of pathogenesis, this disease is divided into 4 stages, i.e. invasion of exogenous pathogens, liver stagnation and spleen deficiency, spleen and kidney yang deficiency and interaction of cold and heat. Hence, the treatment should be provided by stages. Focusing on regulating the spleen and stomach, a specific acupuncture-moxibustion prescription is proposed, including Tianshu (ST 25), Zhongwan (CV 12), Zusanli (ST 36) and Shangjuxu (ST 37). Additionally, the combination of distal and nearby acupoints is considered and an unique needling manipulation, named the fight between dragon and tiger, is exerted. On the base of syndrome and meridian differentiation, the modern medicine is combined, stressing on the mind regulation and the mutual application of acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment. Eventually, a distinctive treatment system with acupuncture and moxibustion is formed for "regulating the spleen and stomach and differentiating meridians".

Efficacy of modified Parks incision in the surgery for correction of strabismus in children / 中国基层医药

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of modified parks incision in the surgery for correction of strabismus in children.Methods:Sixty children patients with strabismus who received treatment in Shanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, China between January 2015 and January 2020 were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive surgery with either a trapezoidal flap incision (control group, n = 30) or modified Parks incision (modified Parks group, n = 30). Time to tear film break-up, amount of tears secreted, and the angles of deviation in strabismus were compared before and after surgery. The efficacy was evaluated by corneal fluorescein staining score. Postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results:Before surgery, there were no significant differences in the time to tear film break-up and the amount of tears secreted between the two groups (both P > 0.05). After surgery, the time to tear film break-up and the amount of tears secreted were (9.16 ± 1.74) seconds, (7.51 ± 1.36) mm/5 minutes in the modified Parks group and they were (7.57 ± 1.45) seconds and (6.05 ± 1.14) mm/5 minutes, respectively in the control group. After surgery, the time to tear film break-up and the amount of tears secreted in each group were shortened or decreased compared with before treatment, and these two indices in the modified Parks group were significantly shorter or less than those in the control group ( t = 3.845, 4.506, both P < 0.05). Before surgery, there were no significant differences in corneal fluorescein staining score and the angles of deviation in strabismus between the two groups (both P > 0.05). After surgery, corneal fluorescein staining score and the angles of deviation in strabismus in the modified Parks group were (5.14 ± 1.51) points and (10.68 ± 1.75) PD, respectively and they were (6.25 ± 1.73) points and (15.95 ± 2.14) PD, respectively in the control group. After surgery, corneal fluorescein staining score or the angle of deviation in strabismus was increased or decreased in each group. The corneal fluorescein staining score and the angle of deviation in strabismus in the modified Parks group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t = 2.648, 10442, both P < 0.05). Total effective rate in the modified Parks group was significantly higher than that in the control group [96.7% (29/30) vs. 80.0% (24/30), χ2= 4.043, P < 0.05]. The incidence of postoperative complications and discomfort rate in the modified Parks group were 0.0% (0/30) and 53.3% (16/30), respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group 13.3% (4/30) and 80.0% (24/30), χ2 = 4.286, 4.800, both P < 0.05]. Conclusion:Modified Parks incision for corrective strabismus surgery can better correct the angle of strabismus, protect the stability of tear film function, reduce postoperative complications and decrease postoperative discomfort rate compared with trapezoidal flap incision.

Involvlment of LINC01018 in the pathogenesis of colon cancer by mediating E2F1-CDK6 pathway / 中国医师杂志

Objective:To study the specific mechanism of LINC01018 involved in the pathogenesis of colon cancer.Methods:The expression of LINC01018 in colon cancer tissues and cells and normal colon tissues and cells were detected by real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). HT-29 cell line which overexpresses LINC01018 stably was established. RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay was used to detect the interaction between LINC01018 and E2F1 protein. Dual luciferase assay was used to detect the regulatory effect of E2F1 on CDK6 promoter. The expression of E2F1 or CDK6 was up-regulated in HT-29 cell line which overexpresses LINC01018, then the proliferation, invasion and migration of HT-29 cells and the expression of CDK6 and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in HT-29 cells were detected by cell counting method (CCK-8) assay, Transwell assay and Western blot.Results:The expression of LINC01018 was abnormally low in colon cancer tissues and cells. The result of RIP assay showed that LINC01018 interacted with E2F1 protein. The result of dual luciferase assay showed that E2F1 protein could enhance the efficiency of CDK6 promoter, and E2F1 had a positive regulatory effect on CDK6. Overexpression of LINC01018 could attenuate the positive regulatory effect of E2F1 on CDK6. Up-regulation of E2F1 or CDK6 expression could attenuate the effects of LINC01018 overexpression on the proliferation, invasion, migration and expression of CDK6 and MMP-2 in HT-29 cells.Conclusions:The expression of LINC01018 was abnormally low in colon cancer tissues and cells. LINC01018 may regulate the proliferation, invasion and migration of HT-29 cells through E2F1/CDK6/MMP-2 axis, and participate in the pathogenesis of colon cancer.

RNA transport proteins and their expression and function in tumors / 医学研究生学报

Malignant tumors, whose occurrence and development are related to a variety of RNA transporter proteins, seriously affect human health and quality of life. Under normal circumstances, RNA transport proteins help RNA shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm and their precise localization, effectively coupling the life activities in the nucleus and cytoplasm. During the process of tumorigenesis and progression, the expression and localization of some RNA transporters are abnormal or dysfunctional, which can change the subcellular localization, expression level, transport efficiency of downstream key RNA molecules, and the decay rate of cytoplasmic mRNA, and affect the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors. This paper mainly reviews RNA transport proteins and their expression changes and regulation in tumors.

RNA transport proteins and their expression and function in tumors / 医学研究生学报

Malignant tumors, whose occurrence and development are related to a variety of RNA transporter proteins, seriously affect human health and quality of life. Under normal circumstances, RNA transport proteins help RNA shuttle between nucleus and cytoplasm and their precise localization, effectively coupling the life activities in the nucleus and cytoplasm. During the process of tumorigenesis and progression, the expression and localization of some RNA transporters are abnormal or dysfunctional, which can change the subcellular localization, expression level, transport efficiency of downstream key RNA molecules, and the decay rate of cytoplasmic mRNA, and affect the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumors. This paper mainly reviews RNA transport proteins and their expression changes and regulation in tumors.

Professor 's experience of acupuncture and moxibustion of regulating spleen-stomach and differentiating meridians-collaterals / 中国针灸

Professor - successively followed famous doctors of acupuncture and spleen-stomach disease, such as -, inherited their academic thoughts and clinical experience, and studied the classics to summarize and propose the clinical academic proposition regulating spleen-stomach differentiating meridians-collaterals. In clinical practice, professor focuses on individual differences of patients, carefully examines syndrome and refines acupoint selection; he pays attention to regulating spleen-stomach, and actively uses Zusanli (ST 36); he simultaneously uses acupuncture-moxibustion and acupoints with efficacy; he inherits traditional reinforcing and reducing methods, and extends the scope of acupoint diagnosis and treatment, while he emphasizes keeping spirit and treating spirit, and the combination of mind and , in order to improve clinical diagnosis and treatment effect.

Acute Necrotizing Encephalopathy in Children: a Long Way to Go

BACKGROUND: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare, but potentially life threatening neurological condition in children. This study aimed to investigate its clinical spectrum, diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma, and prognosis. METHODS: Twelve children with ANE were included in the study. The diagnosis was made by clinical and radiological characteristics from January 1999 to December 2017 and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 12 children aged 6 to 93 months at onset (5 male: 7 female) were evaluated. The etiology was found in 4 of them (influenza A, H1N1; coxsackie A 16; herpes simplex virus; and RANBP2 gene/mycoplasma). The most common initial presentations were seizures (67%) and altered mental status (58%). The majority of the subjects showed elevation of aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase with normal ammonia and increased cerebrospinal fluid protein without pleocytosis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed increased T2 signal density in bilateral thalami in all patients, but the majority of the subjects (67%) also had lesions in other areas including tegmentum and white matter. Despite the aggressive immunomodulatory treatments, the long-term outcome was variable. One child and two sisters with genetic predisposition passed away. CONCLUSION: ANE is a distinctive type of acute encephalopathy with diverse clinical spectrum. Even though the diagnostic criteria are available, they might not be watertight. In addition, treatment options are still limited. Further studies for better outcome are needed.

The molecular mechanism for nuclear transport and its application / 대한해부학회지

Transportation between the cytoplasm and the nucleoplasm is critical for many physiological and pathophysiological processes including gene expression, signal transduction, and oncogenesis. So, the molecular mechanism for the transportation needs to be studied not only to understand cell physiological processes but also to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Recent progress in the research of the nuclear transportation (import and export) via nuclear pore complex and four important factors affecting nuclear transport (nucleoporins, Ran, karyopherins, and nuclear localization signals/nuclear export signals) will be discussed. Moreover, the clinical significance of nuclear transport and its application will be reviewed. This review will provide some critical insight for the molecular design of therapeutics which need to be targeted inside the nucleus.

Randomized control trail of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing versus cognitive behavior therapy for treating posttraumatic stress disorder / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) versus cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for treating adult posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) .Methods A total of 81 patients with PTSD con‐forming to the including standard were randomly allocated to the EMDR group ,CBT group ,and control group ,27 cases per group . The PTSD symptoms ,anxiety and depression moods in 3 groups were assessed before and after treatment by adopting the Clinician‐administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) ,Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) .Results The drop‐out rates were 29 .63% for the EMDR group ,7 .41% for the CBT group and 7 .41% for the control group respectively ;the re‐experience symptoms score of CAPS in the EMDR group was lower than that in the CBT group with statistical difference (P=0 . 036) .Conclusion Both EMDR and CBT are the effective psychological therapeutic method ,EMDR has more effective than CBT in the reproving the re‐experience symptoms of PTSD .The future studies should pay more attention to the application of stabilization technologies for reducing the dropout rate of EMDR .

Effects of embryonic neural stem cells on trauma of red nucleus neurons of the rats with spinal cord injury after transplantion / 基础医学与临床

Objective To study the effects of embryonic neural stem cells transplantion on trauma of red nucleus neu-rons of the rats with spinal cord injury.Methods NSCs in logarithmic phage were labeled with BrdU,a Sprague Dawley rat mode of spinal cord injury (SCI) was developed with electrocircuit control spinal cord injuring device.Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham group,SCI group and NSC group.The NSCs were trans-planted into injured site three days after SCI.Then NSCs labeled with Brdu were detected by immunohistochemisty,rubrospinal tract (RST) neurons were labeled by retrograde transport of the horseradish peroxidase (HRP) from the lesion site,which were taken by damaged axons and remained in the neurons,then the labeled red nucleus (RN) neurons were counted.Hind limb function of experimental rats was evaluated by a blinder observer using BBB open field locomotion rating score.Results BrdU positive NSCs were detected in the spinal cord after transplantation,the number of RST neurons labeled by HRP in NSC group was more than that in SCI group (P <0.01),the BBB score of NSC group was higher than SCI group (P <0.01).Conclusion The transplanted NSCs can survive in the injured site of spinal cord and protect RN,then promote more remarkably functional recovery after SCI.

Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Study Comparing Traditional Chinese Medicine with Western Medicine in the Treatment of Diabetes / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the curative efficacy of Chinese medicine vs. western medicine in the treatment of diabetes. METHODS:The randomized controlled trials(RCTs) comparing western medicine with traditional Chinese medicine alone or combination of Chinese medicine and western medicine in the treatment of diabetes were systematically evaluated. Meta-analysis of the cited trials was performed by evidence-based medicine method with Revman 4.2 software for statistical analysis. RESULTS:A total of 14 RCTs met our inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference between traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in clinical efficacy in the treatment of diabetes; however,the diabetic patients treated with integrated Chinese medicine and western medicine showed much better efficacy than those treated with western medicine alone. CONCLUSION:Treatment of diabetes with traditional Chinese medicine plus western medicine has more advantages; however,this conclusion remains to be confirmed further by studies of high quality given the low quality in test methodology.

Through The Door to The Nucleus:Progress on Nuclear Translocation Mechanism / 生物化学与生物物理进展

DNA replication and RNA biogenesis happen in the cell nucleus,while protein synthesis occurs in the cytoplasm. Integration of these activities depends on function proteins′ selective transport between the two sub-dimensions. It is a signal mediated process, which needs energy and the participation of soluble factors. By introduction of progress on function protein regulated nuclear translocation, its potential medical application has been explored. With deeper investigation in this field, it will significantly promote the design of anti-virus and gene vector therapy.

Effects of Yizhi Oral Solution on Protein and RNA Synthesis of Brain Tissue of Young Mice / 中成药

Objective:To investigate the effects of Yizhi Oral Solution on protein and RNA synthesis of brain tissue of mice. Methods: The radioactive intensities of 3H leucine in brain protein and 3H uridine in RNA of brain tissue of young mice were observed by the methods of incorporation in vivo and group control observation.Results: The radioaetive intensity of 3H leucine of Yizhi Oral Solution group was higher than that of cycloheximide pathological model group ( P