Age-related changes for the predictors of benign prostatic hyperplasia in Chinese men aged 40 years or older / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the age-stratified normal levels and age-related changes in the risk predictors of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) progression. A total of 4706 male participants aged 40 years or older in Zhengzhou (China) were enrolled. The values of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume (PV), and postvoid residual urine volume (PVR) significantly increased with age. Nonlinear relationships between age and IPSS scores ≥8 (P for nonlinearity = 0.046), PSA level ≥1.6 ng ml-1, PV ≥31 ml, or PVR ≥39 ml (all P for nonlinearity <0.001) were observed. After the age of 61 years, the risk indicators related to BPH progression were positively correlated with age (odds ratio [OR] >1), regardless of the predictors of the IPSS score, PSA level, PV, or PVR; and the OR values increased gradually. Therefore, after the age of 61 years, the risk predictors related to BPH progression were positively correlated with age.

Observations on the Therapeutic Effect of Electroacupuncture on Urinary Retention Due to Prostatic Hyperplasia / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To assess the clinical therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture on urinary retention due to prostatic hyperplasia by ultrasonic measurement of bladder residual urine volume before and after treatment.Methods Seventy patients with urinary retention due to prostatic hyperplasia were randomized to a treatment group (39 cases) and a control group (31 cases).The treatment group received electroacupuncture and the control group,conventional medication.The International Prostate Symptom Score (I-PSS) score was recorded and prostate volume (PV) and bladder residual urine volume (RUV) were measured in the two groups before and after treatment.The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the indicators (I-PSS,PV and RUV) in both groups (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the indicators between the treatment and control groups (P＜0.05).The total efficacy rate was 94.9％ in the treatment group and 96.8％ in the control group;there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion Both electroacupuncture and medication are effective ways to treat urinary retention due to prostatic hyperplasia.

Clinical Observations on Acupuncture plus Pelvic Floor Biofeedback Treatment for Neurogenic Bladder Following Spinal Cord Injury / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus pelvic floor biofeedback treatment for the neurogenic bladder following spinal cord injury.Method Ninety patients with neurogenic bladder following spinal cord injury were randomly allocated to acupuncture, biofeedback and combination groups, 30 cases each. Every group of patients received acupuncture, pelvic floor biofeedback treatment or a combination of two treatments in addition to conventional bladder rehabilitation training. The LUTS score and the quality of life score were recorded and the bladder diary was kept before and after treatment. A statistical analysis was carried out.Result The LUTS score, the quality of life score, the residual urine volume and the mean voiding frequency decreased significantly in the three groups of patients after four weeks of treatment compared with before treatment (P<0.05) and decreased more significantly in the combination group than in the acupuncture and biofeedback groups (P<0.05). Maximum voided volume increased significantly in the three groups of patients after treatment compared with before (P<0.05) and increased more significantly in the combination group than in the other two groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Acupuncture plus pelvic floor biofeedback can significantly improve bladder function and the quality of life in patients with neurogenic bladder following spinal cord injury. Its clinical therapeutic effect is superior to that of acupuncture or biofeedback.

Capacidad vesical funcional mediante ultrasonido en pacientes con enuresis primaria monosintomática / Functional bladder capacity by ultrasound in patients with monosymptomatic primary enuresis

La enuresis primaria monosintomática es un problema clínico común que afecta del 5 al 10% de los niños en edad escolar. La etiología exacta no se conoce, pero se ha propuesto una capacidad vesical funcional disminuida como factor predisponente. Existen pocos reportes en la literatura del uso de ultrasonido para su evaluación. Objetivo: Determinar si la capacidad vesical funcional medida por ultrasonido está disminuida en enuresis primaria monosintomática comparada con población sana. Pacientes y Método: Estudio trasversal analítico de febrero de 2014 a mayo de 2015 incluyendo 40 pacientes con enuresis y 40 sin enuresis, 5 a 15 años de edad, midiendo la capacidad vesical funcional mediante ecógrafo Siemens Acuson S2000TM con transductor 3,5 y 5 MHz por un solo operador cegado. Se realizó estadística descriptiva y analítica mediante el programa IBM SPSS 20 TM. Resultados: Los pacientes con enuresis presentaron menor capacidad vesical funcional 171,7 ml vs controles 225,5 ml (p = 0,025). Resultó factor de riesgo OR = 2,81 (IC 95%: 1,06-7,42) tener un familiar de primera línea con antecedente de enuresis y OR = 4,0 (IC 95%: 1,48-10,78) para segunda línea. La capacidad vesical funcional presentó correlación débil con la capacidad vesical normal estimada mediante la fórmula de Kaefer. Conclusión: La capacidad vesical funcional es menor en quien padece enuresis que en los que no la padecen y existe poca correlación con las fórmulas que determinan la capacidad vesical normal esperada como la de Kaefer. Se reafirmó que el antecedente hereditario de enuresis juega un papel importante como factor de riesgo.

Nocturnal enuresis is a common clinical problem affecting 5% to 10% of school-age children. Etiology is not known but a diminished functional bladder capacity it has been proposed as a predisposing factor. There exist only a few studies evaluating it by ultrasound. Objective: To identify if there is a difference of the functional bladder capacity measured by ultrasound between nocturnal enuresis group and healthy children. Patients and Method: A cross-sectional study from February 2014 to May 2015 including two groups, nocturnal enuresis and a control group of 40 patients each, 5 to 15 years old. A single blinded operator measured the functional bladder capacity by ultrasound with an Acuson S2000 SiemensTM 3.5 and 5 MHz transducer. Analytics and descriptive statistics were performed using IBM SPSS 20TM software. Results: Patients with enuresis showed a decreased functional bladder capacity vs. controls (171.7 ml vs 225.5 ml; p = 0.025). A history of first-degree relative with enuresis increased the risk of having enuresis OR = 2.81 (95% CI: 1.06-7.42), a second-degree relative presented OR = 4.0 (95% CI: 1.48-10.78). Functional bladder capacity presented a weak correlation with the bladder capacity estimated by Kaefer’s formula. Conclusion: The functional bladder capacity is lower in the patients with nocturnal enuresis when compared to control group. There is little correlation between functional bladder capacity and Kaefer’s formula to determine the normal bladder capacity. We reaffirmed that the family history with enuresis strongly increases the risk of developing nocturnal enuresis.

Clinical Observation of Fire-needle Acupuncture for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the therapeutic efficacy of fire-needle acupuncture in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia. Method Sixty subjects were randomized into two groups by using the sealed envelope method. The control group was intervened by conventional medications; after classified into four syndrome types, down diffusion of damp-heat, liver qi stagnation, turbid stagnation and kidney qi deficiency, the treatment group was majorly treated with fire-needle acupuncture in addition to filiform-needle acupuncture. Fire-needle acupuncture was performed at Guanyuan (CV4), Qugu (CV2) and bilateral Dahe (KI12), once a week, for continuous 6 months; the filiform-needle acupuncture was majorly at Baihui (GV20) and Qihai (CV6) with adjunctive points modified according to different syndromes, twice a week, 8 sessions as a treatment course, for 5 courses in total. Result The improved rate was significantly higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05);the residual urine volume was significantly changed after the intervention in both groups (P<0.01), and the decrease in the treatment group was more significant than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Fire-needle acupuncture can improve the symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower the residual urine volume.

Clinical Observation of Acupuncture plus Moxibustion for Prostatic Hyperplasia / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus moxibustion in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Method Sixty cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomly divided into two groups, 30 cases in the treatment group, 30 cases in the control group. The treatment group was intervened by Acupuncture and moxibustion, while the control group was by orally takingJingzhu Qianlie Longbitong capsules. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality of Life score (QOL), maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax), residual urine volume (RUV) were compared before and after 3 courses of treatment. Result The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, versus 66.7% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the IPSS score, QOL score, Qmax, and RUV were significantly changed in both groups after intervention (P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment group and the control group both show improvements in IPSS, QOL score and Qmax and reduction of RUV, which proves that acupuncture plus moxibustion can produce a content efficacy in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Effect of intermittent catheterization on the urinary tract Infection in patients with spinal cord injury / 中国综合临床

Objective To access the effect of intermittent catheterization (IC) on the urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord injury. Methods Sixty patients of spinal cord injury combined with urinary tract infec-tion were randomly divided into two groups: treatment group (32 patients) treated with sensitive antibiotics and IC;control group (28 patients) treated with sensitive antibiotics only. Both groups were treated for two weeks. Results In the treatment and control group,the cure rate was 56% and 29% ,respectively,the total effective rate was 91% and 64% in the treatment and control group,respectively,the clearance rate of bacteria was 81% and 57% ,respec-tively. All differences were significant (P<0.05). Conclusions IC can improve the effect of antibiotic on urinary tract infection in patients with spinal cord injury, and might be effective on the treatment of urinary tract infection caused by various neurogenic bladders.

Study on correlation between residual urine volume after catheterization and body positions for patients with spinal cord injury using B-ultrasonography / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To discuss the correlation between residual urine volume after catheterization and body positions for patients with spinal cord injury using B-ultrasonography. Methods 34 patients with spinal cord injury were randomly selected, the residual urine volume in urinary bladder was detected with bed-side B-ultrasonography under different body positions such as supine position, lateral position and fowler position, the results underwent variance analysis. Results No significant difference was seen in residual urine volume in urinary bladder under different body positions. Conclusions Body positions play no significant influence on residual urine volume in urinary bladder after catheterization.

The Accuracy of Portable Ultrasound Scanning in the Measurement of Residual Urine Volume / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: We assessed the accuracy of a portable ultrasound device (BladderScan(TM) BVI 3000) used to measure the postvoid residual urine volume (PVR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively measured the volume of residual urine in 160 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms between August 2000 and April 2001. After voiding, PVR measurements were performed immediately using ultrasound bladder scanning, followed by Nelaton catheterization, with the patient was in the supine position, and compared the results of the two techniques. RESULTS: The ultrasound bladder scanning correlated well with the catheterization for measuring the PVR (r=0.946). The ultrasound bladder scanning had a sensitivity and specificity of 95.4 and 100%, respectively, in detecting a PVR>or=100ml, and 83.4 and 91.5%, respectively, in cases where the PVR was less than 50ml. A multiple regression analysis, and a two sample t-test, showed that the difference was not related to: age, sex, weight, height, body mass index (BMI) or related diseases (p>0.05). Age, weight, height, BMI were not significant variables when comparing the sexes (p>0.05). There was a significant difference in patient's satisfaction and the required time of the procedure between bladder scanning and catheterization (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Portable ultrasound bladder scanning is quick, easy to use, non-invasive, readily repeatable, and specific for determining the PVR. Therefore, portable ultrasound bladder scanning can be used as an alternative to catheterization in the determination of residual urine volume.

Alpha-blockade therapy in alternating day dose in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia

This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of Terazosin given in alternate day doses with that of the same drug given in daily doses in the medical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using the following parameters: International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), urine flow rate, residual urine volume and quality of life. Ninety patients were randomly assigned to Daily Dose, Alternate Day Dose and Placebo groups. Symptom scores using the IPSS were measured at pre-treatment, and at 1st, 3rd and 6th week treatment periods. Pre- and post-treatment measurements of urine flow rate, residual urine volume and quality of life were done. Two-way ANOVA and Wilcoxon Matched Pair Signed Ranked Test was used to determine the level of significance. The study showed that there was significant improvement in the symptom score in both Daily Dose (15.80 +/- 1.74 to 5.93 +/- 1.03) (p 0.001) and Alternate Day Dose group (16.06 +/- 1.87 to 6.13 +/- 1.45) (p 0.001) compared to the placenta group. Likewise there was significant improvement in the urine flow rate in both groups, (4.82 +/- 0.75 to 5.76 +/- 0.67) (p (65.66 +/- 17.54 to 46.46 +/- 12.77) (p = 0.001) in the Alternate Day Dose group. The quality of life improved (3.26 +/- 0.88 to 1.66 +/- 0.72) (p = 0.002) in the Daily Dose group and (3.66 +/- 0.81 to 1.80 +/- 0.77) (p = 0.001) in the Alternate Day Dose group. (Author)

Accuracy of a Portable Ultrasound Scanning in the Measurement of Post-void Residual Urine Volume in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury

As a standard method for the measurement of post-void residual urine volume, the urethral catheterization is commonly used. However, it is frequently associated with the discomfort of the patients, urethral trauma and urinary tract infection. A noninvasive method of determining the residual urine volume could minimize unnecessary catheterizations and be useful in the management of neurogenic bladder in the patient with spinal cord injury(SCI). This study was undertaken to evaluate the accuracy of a portable ultrasound scanner for measuring bladder volumes in SCI patients undergoing bladder training and to determine the factors affecting its accuracy. Sixty patients with SCI were included in this study. Two investigators performed the ultrasound measurement of the post-void residual urine volume alternately and the same procedures were repeated. After that, the urethral catheterization was done. In comparison of the residual volume measured by two different methods, the correlation coefficient(R2) of the two different methods was 0.996 and the mean value of difference between the residual volume measured by ulltrasound and by catheterization was 21.6 ml. The accuracy of the ultrasound measurements was not affected by gender, types of the neurogenic bladder, shape of the bladder, trabeculation of the bladder and central obesity. The results indicate that the portable ultrasound scanning method is a useful non-invasive method and can be substituted for the urethral catheterization in determination of bladder volumes in patients with SCI.

Accuracy of Residual Urine Volume Determination by Ultrasonography / 대한비뇨기과학회지

The determination of the residual urine volume is an essential part of the investigation of many urological patients. particularly those with suspected urinary outflow obstruction. In 31 patients, we measured 3 internal bladder diameters ( height, width and depth) by transabdominal ultrasonography and calculated the residual urine volume by formula for ellipsoid (V= phi /6 xH xW xD).The real volume was obtained by the catheterization and compared with the sonographic measurement. There was a best correlation (r=0.9748) between calculated and true volumes provided a correction factor of 1.15 was applied. The advantages of ultrasonography for assessing residual urine volume are that it is simple, quick, harmless, non-invasive and readily repeatable. If the basic equipment is available, the ultrasonography should replace the catheterization.