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OBJECTIV E To optimize the s alt-processing technology of Rosa laevigata ，and to study high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）fingerprints and chromaticity values of R. laevigata before and after salt-processing. METHODS The comprehensive scoring method was adopted to optimize the salt-processing technology of R. laevigata using appearance character ， moisture and polysaccharide content as index. Fingerprints were established by HPLC method before and after salt-processing ，and chromaticity values （L*，a*，b*）of the powder before and after salt-processing were determined. The multivariate statistical analysis was carried out for raw product and salt-processing product of R. laevigata by using common peak areas and chromaticity values as index. RESULTS The optimal salt-processing technology of R. laevigata was to mix it with appropriate amount of salt water ，place them in the preheated frying wok at 140 ℃，fry them for 25 min，and rotate frying wok 20 times/min. Ten common peaks were calibrated by HPLC fingerprints before and after salt-processing ，and 3 components were identified ，such as gallic acid ，catechin and ellagic acid. The chromaticity values L*，b* and E* changed significantly after salt-processing. The multivariate statistical analysis method could distinguish raw products and salt-processing products into two categories ，in which peaks 1，5，6 and 10 and chromaticity values b* and E* were important characteristic factors. CONCLUSIONS The optimized salt-processing technology is stable and reliable ，and the established fingerprint has good repeatability and stability. Fingerprint and chromaticity values combined with multivariate statistical analysis can provide reference for the identification and quality analysis of R. laevigata before and after salt-processing.
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Objective: To determine the effects of different drought stress levels on the physiological indexes and biomass changes of the seedlings of Rosa laevigata, and to provide theoretical basis for the future drought diagnosis and rational irrigation of R. laevigata. Methods: The content of malondialdehyde (MDA), proline (Pro), photosynthetic pigments and biomass indices in leaves of R. laevigata, under different drought stress were determined by setting up six soil water content levels of 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% respectively. Results: With the increase of the degree of drought stress, the content of malondialdehyde and proline in the leaves of R. laevigata was significantly increased only under serious drought (W5, 60% of the field water content) and severe drought (W6, 50% of the field water content). Except for the ratio of Car/(Chla + Chlb), photosynthetic pigment content peaked in light to moderate drought (W3, field moisture content 80%). Plant height was decreased significantly at W6, and the stem increased to its maximum at W3. The fresh and dry weights of roots, stems and leaves also reached their maximum at W3. Conclusion: The resistance of R. laevigata to drought stress was strong, and the plant growth reached the best state under mild and moderate drought (W3, 80% of the field water capacity), which was most conducive to the formation of dry matter accumulation and yield. However, the field water holding capacity should not be less than 60%, otherwise stress will occur, and the biological yield will also decline significantly.
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This paper mainly summarized the chemical constituents, pharmacological activities, quality control and utilization of different medicinal parts of Rosa laevigata Michx based on systematic literature research. The various pharmacological effects and rich research on the fruits of Rosa laevigata Michx made it much more attractive for development. However, the research on the roots is comparatively weak, so further studies are needed to explore the material basis and strengthen the quality control of Rosa laevigata Michx.
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This study was designed to investigate triterpenoids from the roots of Rosa laevigata Michx. The silica gel column chromatography was used to separate the chemical constituents from the roots of Rosa laevigata Michx. HPLC was used to analyze its purity and chemical constitution. Spectroscopy methods were used to determine their structures. Five constituents were isolated and identified as19α-OH-3β-E-feruloyl corosolic acid (1), 23-hydroxy-tormentic acid (2), 2α, 3β, 19α, 23-tetrahydroxy-12-en-28-oleanolic acid (3), 2α, 3α, 20β-trihydroxyurs-13 (18)-en-28-oic-acid (4), 2α, 3β, 20β-trihydroxyurs-13 (18)-en-28-oic-acid (5). Compound 1 was assigned as a new compound, compounds 4, 5 were obtained from the genus Rosa for the first time.
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Objective:To establish the fingerprint analysis method for the root of Rosa laevigata Michx from different regions by UPLC. Methods:The column was ACQUITY UPLC? Phenyl(2.1 mm × 100 mm,1.7 μm). The mobile phase consisted of methanol-water with gradient elution. The flow rate was 0. 2 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 210 nm, the column temperature was 30℃, and the injection volume was 3 μl. Results:The fingerprint consisted of 15 common peaks. The range of similarity for twelve bat-ches of the root of R. laevigata Michx was 0. 489-0. 942. And the reference fingerprint of the root of R. laevigata Michx was estab-lished by UPLC. Conclusion:The fingerprint method is simple and reproducible, which can provide basis for the quality control and the medicinal resources exploration.
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Objective: To study the triterpenoids from the roots of Rosa laevigata. Methods: The silica gel column chromatography was used to extract and separate the chemical constituents from the roots of R. laevigata. HPLC was used to analyze its purity, chemical and spectroscopy methods were used to determine their structures. Results: Thirteen constituents were isolated and identified as niga-ichigosides F2 (1), rosamultin (2), arjunetin (3), kaji-ichigoside F1 (4), auscaphic acid (5), cecropiacic acid 3-methyl ester (6), 2-acetyl tormentic acid (7), pomolic acid (8), 2α,3α-dihydroxyurs-12,18-dien-28-oic acid (9), 3β-E-feruloyl corosolic acid (10), fupenzic acid (11), 2-O-acetyl euscaphic acid (12), and 12,13-dihydromicromeric acid (13). Conclusion: Compounds 3, 6, 7 and 9-13 are obtained from this plant for the first time. Compounds 10, 12 and 13 are obtained from the plants of Rosa L. for the first time.
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To study the triterpenoids from the roots of Rosa laevigata. The silica gel column chromatography was used to separate the chemical constituents from the roots of Rosa laevigata Michx. HPLC was used to analyze its purity, chemical and spectroscopy methods were used to determine their structures. 12 constituents were isolated and identified as(2R, 19R)methyl 2-acetyloxy-19- hydroxyl-3-oxo-urs-12-en-28-carboxylate(1), pomonic acid (2), 18, 19-seco, 2α, 3α-dihydroxy-19-oxo-urs-11, 13(18)-dien-28-oic acid(3), swinhoeic acid (4), myrianthic acid(5), 2α, 3β, 19α-trihydroxy-24-oxo-urs-12-en-oic acid (6), tormentic acid(7), arjunic acid (8), 1β-hydroxyeuscaphic acid(9), quadranoside Ⅷ (10), alpinoside(11), rubuside B (12). Compounds 1-4, 6, 9, 11-12 were obtained from this plant for the first time. Compounds 2-4, 6, 11-12 were obtained from the genus Rosa for the first time.
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Objective To investigate the effects of Rosa Laevigata Michx Flavoid( RLMF) and Rosa laevigata Michx Polysaccharose (RLMP) on expression of TRPV5 in IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) rat renal tissue. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups.The rat model of IgA nephropathy was induced by intragastric administration of bovine serumalbumin and injections of LPS and CC14.Eight weeks later,the rats with IgAN were treated with RLMF or RLMP (4 weeks), or normal saline.Rats was sacrificed at thirteenth weeks, and RNA was extracted from the kidney.Expression of TRPV5 in tubulointerstitial tissues were analyzed by fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR. Results After RFLP intervention,the expression levels of TRPV5 were markedly increased (P<0.01) than model control group,while decreased (P<0.05) than normal control group but had no significance with model control group after RFLF intervention. Conclusion TRPV5 expression is decreased in IgAN,and RLMP can adjust TRPV5 expression and improve renal function of IgAN.
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Objective: To evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of the roots and rhizomes in Rosa laevigata (Rosa Laevigata Radix) in Guangxi, Yunnan, and Guizhou provinces. Methods: The effects of cellular immunity, humoral inmunity, and non-specific immunity were investigated on delayed-type hypersensitivity, serum hemolysin antibody, and carbon clearance of mice, respectively. Results: Rosa Laevigata Radix could inhibit the delayed-type hypersensitivity and serum hemolysin antibody in mice, but had no effect on carbon clearance. All the roots and rhizomes of R. laevigata from different habitats had no statistically significant difference on immunomodulatory activity. Conclusion: The roots and rhizomes of R. laevigata from different habitats have the similar immunosuppressive activity.
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Objective To study the protective effect mechanism of Rosa laevigata Michx (RLM) on cardiotoxicity induced by adriamycin in rats. Method 30 SD rats were randomly into control group, doxorubicin group and RLM groups. The control group was injected with normal saline injection, while the model group was injected with adriamycin intraperitoneally at the dosage of 15 mg/kg every other day. For the RLM groups,1~5 g/kg RLM were given after adriamycin injection. The survival rate, plasma BNP was observed. Apoptosis of cardiomyocyte was detected by instituted-labeled DNA (TUNEL). The activity of GSH-PX, CAT and total SOD in the myocardium tissue were also observed. The expression level of CuZn-SOD , bcl-2 and bax were detected by real-time PCR. Results The survival rate was significantly improved in SD rats treated with RLM compared with that in the adriamycin group (P<0.01). The BNP level was increased when treated by adriamycin (P<0.01), and decreased after RLM administration (P<0.01). RLM could also upregulate the expression of the CuZn-SOD mRNA level, and enhance the activity of GSH-PX, CAT and T-SOD compared with that in adriamycin group. Adriamycin could induce myocardial cells apoptosis, as demonstrated by TUNEL. RLM could inhibit adriamycin-induced apoptosis, bax mRNA expression, and increase bcl-2 expression and bcl-2/bax ratio. Conclusion RLM exhibit some antioxidant activity through many stages, and the anti-apoptosis activity may be related to affect the expression of bax and bcl-2 expression.
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In order to verify the sstability and accuracy of DNA barcode technique, we chose Rosa laevigata Michx as study object. Genomic DNAs of 10 samples were extracted by modified CTAB method. ITS2 sequences were obtained by direct PCR sequencing; the other 6 sequences were obtained from GenBank. The sequences were assembled using the CodonCode Aligner. All of the 16 ITS2 sequences were aligned through Clustal-W and the genetic distances were computed using MEGA 5.0 in accordance with the Kimura 2-parameter (K-2-P) model. Results indicated that the lengths of ITS2 regions of R. laevigata ranged from 219 to 221 bp with two Poly C structure in it. The intra-specific genetic distances were smaller than inter-specific ones in ITS2 regions of R. laevigata. The NJ tree showed that R. laevigata and adulterants were divided into two clades, with 99%bootstrap value, showing good monophyly. So, ITS2 was considered a good marker to identify R. laevigata and its adulterants.
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The scent fingerprint of Rosa laevigata Michx., Rosaceae, samples harvested at different periods was investigated. Principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factor analysis (DFA) were done on the scent response values measured by an electronic nose (EN) sensor. Statistical quality control (SQC) analysis was also conducted. The R. laevigata samples were clustered into two categories after being analyzed by PCA and DFA. One cluster consisted of samples No. 1 to No. 6, and the other consisted of samples No. 7 to No. 10. The combination of EN, PCA, and DFA for scent analysis can be used for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicines.
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OBJECTIVE:To conduct a pharmacognostical study of Rosa laevigata so as to provide scientific evidence for clinical application and development of this herbal plant. METHODS:The pharmacognosy of R.laevigata was studied from aspects of its plant resource,characteristics,microscopic and physiochemical identifications,etc. RESULTS:The R.laevigata was distinctive in plant resource,characteristics,and microscopic and physiochemical identifications. CONCLUSION:The results of the study serve as scientific evidences for clinical application and development of R.laevigata.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the bacteriostatic action of polysaccharides of the root and stem of Rosa laevigata.METHODS: The bacteriostatic action of the polysaccharides of the root and stem of R.laevigata was determined by punching method in agar diffusion method.Four holes were punched in every medium and marked by No.1,2,3 and 4.A few drops of culture solution of bacteria or fungi were dripped to culture medium to be evenly distributed using smear bar.Hole No.1 was added with antibiotics,hole No.2 blank control,No.3 polysaccharides solution of the root of R.laevigata and No.4 polysaccharides solution of stem of R.laevigata at different concentrations;then the medium was put into incubator for culture of a period of time in a suitable constant temperature. Then the bacteriostatic circle diameter was observed.RESULTS: Polysaccharides of the root and stem of R.laevigata had inhibitory action on staphylococcus albus,staphylococcus citreus,staphylococcus aureus,standard klebsiella pneumoniae and dysentery bacillus in a dose-dependent manner.CONCLUSION: The polysaccharide of both the root and the stem of R.laevigata have bacteriostatic action;and the root and the stem of R.laevigata have no significant differences in bacteriostatic action.
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To establish a stable method for determining the tannins in Rosa laevigata Michx. by casein method. The optimum conditions of determination were adopting 400mg caseins,adding 1.5% Na2CO3 and detemining after 30 min. The selected method has a good liner dependance. The average recovery of tannin acid was 100.5%,RSD=1.85%. The method is rapid and reliable for the determination of tannins in Rosa laevigata Michx. and determined the contents of the fruits in eight different disturbs and xi’an 's content has the highest,3.96%.