Sob o olhar de cientistas midiáticos: a correlação das mídias sociais com o meio informacional no contexto pandêmico

A pandemia da COVID-19 intensificou a relação entre comunicação e ciência de forma acelerada. Observou-se que atores que fazem parte desse contexto dialógico se incorporaram ativamente nesse processo, principalmente a figura do cientista. Este artigo busca compreender esse vínculo, a partir da crescente inserção das mídias sociais digitais como forma de criação de circuitos que possibilitem interações informativas entre os usuários. Uma pesquisa qualitativa foi desenvolvida a fim de compreender, baseado no ponto de vista de cientistas brasileiros selecionados, como essa experiência vem ocorrendo em um momento de urgência cientifica e sanitária. Concluiu-se que atores científicos estão utilizando das novas mídias sociais como novo espaço de visibilidade, o que gera modificações não somente na relação do cientista com a sua comunicação pública, mas também para o campo jornalístico, uma vez que os jornalistas consideram cientistas enquanto fontes de informação importantes.

The COVID-19 pandemic intensified the relationship between communication and science in an accelerated way. It was observed that actors who are part of this dialogic context were actively incorporated in this process, especially the figure of the scientist. This article seeks to understand this link, based on the increasing insertion of digital social media as a way of creating circuits that enable informative interactions between users. A qualitative research was developed in order to understand, based on the point of view of selected Brazilian scientists, how this experience has been taking place at a time of scientific and sanitary urgency. It was concluded that scientific actors are using the new social media as a new space of visibility, which generates changes not only in the scientist's relationship with his public communication, but also for the journalistic field, since journalists consider scientists as important sources of information.

La pandemia del COVID-19 intensificó la relación entre comunicación y ciencia de manera acelerada. Se observó que en este proceso se incorporaron activamente actores que forman parte de este contexto dialógico, en especial la figura del científico. Este artículo busca comprender este vínculo, a partir de la creciente inserción de los medios sociales digitales como una forma de crear circuitos que posibiliten interacciones informativas entre los usuarios. Se desarrolló una investigación cualitativa con el fin de comprender, a partir del punto de vista de científicos brasileños seleccionados, cómo se viene dando esta experiencia en un momento de urgencia científica y sanitaria. Se concluyó que los actores científicos están utilizando las nuevas redes sociales como un nuevo espacio de visibilidad, lo que genera cambios no solo en la relación del científico con su comunicación pública, sino también para el campo periodístico, ya que los periodistas consideran a los científicos como importantes fuentes de información.

Statistical approaches to make sense of data in biology and medicine

There are four major paradigms in statistics: Frequentist, Bayesian, likelihood, and modeling. A quadrangle approach that makes use of all these four paradigms is proposed to get a complete understanding of any biological phenomenon. Each of these paradigms can be used to study different aspects of a biological phenomenon. The elements are defined here as an observer, observed, and context, and the model generated should have information derived from these three elements. They can be analyzed, respectively, by Bayesian, frequentist, likelihood, and modeling methods. There is a continuous debate on frequentist and Bayesian approaches in statistics. Biologists often use frequentist methods whereas clinicians are interested in Bayesian methods. In this article, the debate on both these approaches has been discussed in light of understanding uncertainty. The Dempster-Shafer theory addresses the relationship between belief and plausibility but has been criticized for producing counterintuitive results in conflict situations. It is argued here that this can be resolved by inferring that frequentist and Bayesian approaches are inverse to each other.

Nurse-led translational research: An emerging field in multidisciplinary research

Translational research is well-known concept in healthcare still nurse-led translational research is an emerging area of multidisciplinary nursing research. This study intends to offer an in-depth look at translational research and the process for its applications in nursing education, practice, and research. Nurses, educators, researchers, and policymakers will better understand nurse scientists’ expanded role in education and clinical practice. This paper will assist the nurse educators, researchers to stay informed of translational research and its nursing impact. To develop a narrative synthesis study, a detailed systematic literature review was conducted in Pub Med, Web of Sciences, Scopus, ProQuest, Ovid using the keywords “translational research,” “nursing,” “implementation science,” “barriers in translational research” themes generated in selected paper are discussed in detail in this paper. 32 articles were found to be relevant to discuss the concepts of translational research in nursing practices. In contrast to basic research, translational research works cooperatively to assess the efficacy of evidence from the bench to the bed, from one realm to another. It requires the transparent method for dealing with roadblocks, such as following evidence-based recommendations while assessing evidence, so that policymakers can determine whether to embrace them for the development of the health-care system. Nurse-led translational research under the direction of a nurse scientist has the potential to advance nursing excellence in both clinical and community health settings.

Practical exploration of carrying forward the spirit of scientists in the new era:Taking carrying forward the spirit of “Two Bombs and One Satellite”organized by China Museum of Nuclear Science and Technology as an example / 中国辐射卫生

Great causes breed great spirits, and great spirits guide great causes. As an embodiment of the spirit of scientists, the spirit of “Two Bombs and One Satellite” contains great spiritual power. This paper introduces some practical exploration of carrying forward the spirit of “Two Bombs and One Satellite”in the new era from the dimensions of psychology and technology, and puts forward some personal thinking and suggestions.

Viewpoint: Physician as a Clinician, Researcher, and Academician

@#The daily work life of physicians who function as clinicians, researchers, and academicians is focused on improving public health and patient outcomes in three usually compartmentalized settings: clinics, classrooms, and centers for research. In these settings, physicians are addressing patients’ medical concerns based on evidence, and at the same time, considering if new information could lead to research and discovery for better patient outcomes. The physician then proceeds to mentor, teach, and train medical students in quality evidence-based clinical practice and the conduct of scientific research. The importance of operationally blending these three disciplines with research as a common thread is not only a big challenge for these physicians but also an opportunity to innovate for better public health.

Politólogos. Subcampos y criterios para una propuesta de educación profesional / Political Scientists, Subfields, and Criteria for a Professional Education Proposal

Resumen Este artículo realiza un análisis de las tendencias de educación de politólogos, sus fundamentos, orientaciones, subcampos y líneas centrales de desarrollo. A partir de este análisis se propone los fundamentos y criterios que pueden ser considerados en el diseño de una propuesta curricular para el pregrado en ciencia política. El argumento central es que en cualquier disciplina los nuevos miembros son educados a partir de ciertos estándares sobre teorías y conceptos, metodologías y técnicas, que le los diferencias de otras disciplinas y profesiones. Aunque hay diferencias en los énfasis formativos, en las preferencias teóricas, en las concepciones y valores, y la disciplina supone el pluralismo teórico y metodológico, existen componentes mínimos básicos comunes a todos los politólogos que deben hacer parte de los diseños curriculares.

Abstract This article performs an analysis of the education trends of political scientists, their fundamentals, orientations, subfields, and central lines of development. From this analysis, the fundamentals and criteria, which can be considered in the design of a curricular proposal for the undergraduate program in political science, are proposed. The central argument is that in any discipline, new members are educated from certain standards on theories and concepts, methodologies, and techniques, which differentiates them from other disciplines and professions. Although there are differences in formative emphasis, theoretical preferences, conceptions and values, and discipline, involves theoretical and methodological pluralism, there are minimum basic components common to all political scientists, who must be part of the curriculum designs.

Como a imagem de cientista aparece em curtas de animação? / How does the image of the scientist appear in short animation films?

Resumo Este é um estudo das representações da ciência e de cientistas em filmes de curta-metragem sobre ciência e tecnologia exibidos no Festival Anima Mundi de 1993 a 2013 considerando elementos simbólicos mobilizados na construção do imaginário científico. Entre 405 filmes sobre ciência e tecnologia, foram selecionados 102 para análise de conteúdo. Destacaram-se a produção brasileira (91) e as áreas da genética, biotecnologia e astronomia. Principais enfoques narrativos foram desenvolvimentos tecnológicos, questões éticas e explicação de processos científicos. Em 80% dos curtas aparecem cientistas - majoritariamente homens brancos e adultos, de jaleco/uniforme, em laboratórios secretos. Presença em locais como palco, mídia e indústrias aponta para uma representação de cientista que reivindica visibilidade perante a sociedade.

Abstract This is a study on the way science and scientists are represented in short films on science and technology featured in Anima Mundi Festival (1993-2013), considering symbolic elements that contribute to the image of science. Amongst 405 films on science and technology, 102 were selected for analysis. Brazilian productions predominated (91), as did films featuring genetics, biotechnology, and astronomy. The narratives mostly address technology development, ethical considerations, and explanations of scientific processes. Scientists appear in 80% of the films - mostly white men, wearing a white coat or uniform, in secret laboratories. Scientists' presence in public spaces - stages, the media, industry - indicates a call for their greater visibility in society.

Cultivation of laboratory-based biomedical graduates from the perspective of supervisors / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Laboratory research training is pivotal for the cultivation of biomedical postgraduates. Supervisors' educational and managing skills have great impacts on the quality of their cultivation to postgraduates. Recently, many prominent biomedical experts in stem cell field all over the world fully discussed the way for cultivating biomedical postgraduates, including the educational conception, supervisors' responsibilities and guiding way, etc., they have reached a certain consensus in multiple aspects, such as inspiring students' potential ability, supporting diversified career development and creating a good laboratory atmosphere. Moreover, they shared some ways of guiding with personal characteristic and strong operability. Herein, we reviewed and summarized their viewpoints and comments based on our experiences, expecting to provide useful references for biomedical postgraduates' cultivation in China.

Cultivation of laboratory-based biomedical graduates from the perspective of supervisors / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Laboratory research training is pivotal for the cultivation of biomedical postgraduates.Supervisors' educational and managing skills have great impacts on the quality of their cultivation to postgraduates.Recently,many prominent biomedical experts in stem cell field all over the world fully discussed the way for cultivating biomedical postgraduates,including the educational conception,supervisors' responsibilities and guiding way,etc.,they have reached a certain consensus in multiple aspects,such as inspiring students' potential ability,supporting diversified career development and creating a good laboratory atmosphere.Moreover,they shared some ways of guiding with personal characteristic and strong operability.Herein,we reviewed and summarized their viewpoints and comments based on our experiences,expecting to provide useful references for biomedical postgraduates' cultivation in China.

Cambios estratégicos del Centro de Inmunología y Productos Biológicos hacia la formación profesional, la investigación y los servicios científico técnicos / Strategic changes of the Center of Immunology and Biological Products towards professional training, research and technical scientific services

RESUMEN El presente trabajo describe los cambios estratégicos del Centro de Inmunología y Productos Biológicos de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Camagüey que contribuyen a la formación profesional, la investigación y los servicios científico técnicos. Recoge los resultados obtenidos desde el 2015 hasta el 2017. Los referentes teóricos permiten un acercamiento epistémico que facilita la relación con el conocimiento y la creación de concepciones para abordar los problemas de salud. El centro tiene cuatro proyectos asociados a programas y 11 institucionales. Se posee 2,7 publicaciones por autor y 18 participaciones en eventos, de ellos, ocho internacionales. Se perfecciona un sistema de gestión de la calidad, nueve servicios científico-técnicos, diversos servicios a la docencia y proyectos de investigaciones. Se aprovecha el potencial que genera el proceso de auto-organización del trabajo colectivo, para un mejor funcionamiento, sinergia y sustentabilidad de la gestión de una unidad de desarrollo e innovación.

ABSTRACT The present work describes the strategic changes of the Center of Immunology and Biological Products of the University of Medical Sciences of Camagüey that contributes to the professional training, the investigation and the technical-scientist services. It gathers the results obtained from 2015 to 2017. The theoretical bases allow an epistemic approach that facilitates the relation with the knowledge and the creation of conceptions to tackle the health problems. The center has four projects associated with programs and 11 institutional ones. There are possessed 2.7 publications per author and 18 participations in events, of them, eight international ones. Scientist - technical staff perfects a system of management of the quality, nine services, diverse services to the teaching and projects of investigations. One makes use of the potential that generates the auto-organization process of collective work, for a better functioning, synergy and sustainability of the management of a unit of development and innovation.

¿Es tiempo de modificar la vinculación pregrado postgrado en la educación médica chilena? Reflexiones sobre una vía de doble titulación Médico cirujano/Doctor en ciencias médicas / Time to change the graduate-postgraduate liaison in Chilean medical education? Reflections about a double certification as Physician and Doctor in medical sciences

In the last 150 years, scientific research has produced extraordinary discoveries in Medicine and there is no doubt that research will continue contributing substantially in the future but there is no the same conviction regarding how to provision such capacities in medical graduates. In Chile, the Faculties of Medicine created several doctorate programs in Medical Sciences (Ph.D.) to strengthen medical research. However, the low number of physicians who apply to these programs is a caveat. These programs provide the advanced third-cycle competencies expected by students aspiring for an excellence research certification and their incorporation into academia. Universities stand out in their capacity to adapt themselves to educational needs, developing programs designed to fill specific gaps. Ph.D. programs intercalated to the medical career show that this is the correct approach. The development of specific doctorate programs for the small number of physicians interested in research and for medical students with a strong interest in research could be an innovative solution to motivate and encourage them to develop a career in clinical investigation. Using this approach, Medical Schools and Doctorate in Medical Sciences programs would jointly stimulate the training of medical scientists.

Impacto de la formación científico-investigativa en el desempeño profesional del tecnólogo de la salud / Impact of the scientific-investigative training in the professional performance of the health technologist

Teniendo en cuenta el insuficiente desempeño investigativo del tecnólogo de la salud en la solución de problemas, que limitan su actuar profesional, se implementó una estrategia de gestión formativa en la Facultad de Enfermería-Tecnología de la Salud de Santiago de Cuba, en el período 2015-2016, a fin de perfeccionar la formación permanente de la cultura científico-investigativa de estos profesionales, para lo cual se revisaron las hojas de cargo, se realizaron entrevistas a los profesores y se aplicaron encuestas a estudiantes, tecnólogos y pacientes. Se observó el perfeccionamiento del desempeño profesional y la solución dada a los problemas que se presentan en los diferentes servicios donde laboran los tecnólogos de la salud.

Taking into account the scarce investigative performance of the health technologist in the solution of problems that limit his professional performance, a strategy of management training was implemented in the Nursing-Technology Health Faculty of Santiago de Cuba, during 2015-2016, aimed at perfectioning the permanent training of the scientific-investigative culture of these professionals, for which the position papers were reviewed, interviews were carried out to the professors and surveys were applied to students, technologists and patients. The improvement of the professional performance and the solution given to the problems that are presented in the different services where the health technologists work were observed

Itaca, Nueva York, Estados Unidos de América. Zona Tropical Publications

ook review directed to local tourism guides, naturalists and biologists on the new book "Amphibians of Costa Rica: A field guide" by TwanLeenders.

Victimización y "ondas de choque": simulación computacional de la propagación del miedo al crimen / Victimization and "shock waves": computer fear-of-crime simulation / Vitimização e "ondas de choque": simulação computacional da propagação do medo do crime

Resumen Se presenta un modelo computacional sobre la generación y propagación del miedo al crimen, basado en los impactos creados por la victimización criminal. El objetivo: es evaluar y describir los efectos que pueden tener en la propagación del miedo al crimen un conjunto de determinantes relacionados con la victimización (directa e indirecta): tamaño de la red social, tasa de victimización y tiempo de recuperación en victimizados. El método: utilizado fue la simulación computacional, en la cual se trabajó con cuatro combinaciones de parámetros que representan diferentes situaciones. Los resultados: permiten describir la dinámica de interacción entre los factores determinantes considerados, y reflejan que estos influyen de manera no lineal en la propagación del miedo al crimen.

Abstract A computational model of the generation and propagation of fear of crime is offered, based on impacts created by criminal victimization. The objective: consists of evaluating and describing the likely effects that a set of determinants relating to (direct and indirect) victimization may have on the spread of fear of crime; the social network size, the victimization rate and the healing time in victimized subjects. The method: used was the computer simulation where work was carried out with four combinations of parameters exemplifying different situations. The results: enable the description of the interaction dynamics between the determining factors taken into consideration, and reflect their non-linear influence in the propagation of fear of crime.

Resumo Apresenta-se um modelo computacional na geração e na propagação do medo do crime, baseado nos impactos criados pela vicimização criminal. O objetivo: é avaliar e descrever os efeitos que podem ter na propagação do medo do crime um conjunto das determinantes relacionadas à vitimização (direta e indireta): tamanho da rede social, taxa da vitimização e tempo da recuperação em vitimizados. O método: usado foi a simulação computacional, na qual trabalhou-se com quatro combinações de parâmetros que representam diferentes situações. Os resultados: permitem descrever a dinâmica da interação entre os fatores determinantes considerados, e refletem que os mesmos que influem de jeito não-linear na propagação do medo do crime.

Laboratory medicine education: challenges and opportunities / 中华检验医学杂志

Laboratory medicine is experiencing rapid development and moving from the edge of medicine stage to the center of medicine.Laboratory medicine has become the component of evidence-based medicine,the pathway to translational medicine and the core of precision medicine.These recent advances have increased the challenges and opportunities for laboratory medicine education.It will be the most urgent task to us how to train innovative personnel, medical laboratory physician, genetic counselor, medical laboratory scientist and personnel needed for personalized medicine.

Information seeking behavior of domestic and foreign academic scientists in medical field:A review / 中华医学图书情报杂志

The studies in medical field both at home and abroad in the past 10 years were reviewed from the as-pects of information seeking behavior of academic scientists ( including information needs, information source selec-tion, information retrieval, information interaction, information use), influencing factors and patterns of informa-tion seeking behavior, and the problems were pointed out, namely the number of studies on information seeking be-havior and patterns was small, and the methods used in studies were simplistic.

Resident research: why some do and others don't

<p><b>INTRODUCTION</b>Although research is widely considered to be a relevant and essential skill to resident development, the actual participation rate of residents in research remains low, and the factors associated with participation are unclear.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We examined the participation rate of junior residents in research, and their attitudes and perceived barriers toward research, via an anonymised survey carried out from October to November 2013. The residents were from an established Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education-accredited internal medicine residency training programme in Singapore.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The overall response rate was 64.1% (82/128 residents). The most frequently cited barrier was lack of time. Only a third of the residents surveyed were actively participating in research. Those with postgraduate qualifications were more likely to be involved in research (odds ratio 4.71, p = 0.015). Among the 82 residents, 40.2% reported an interest in research as part of their career; these were mainly graduates from overseas universities or postgraduates. A belief that research is an intrinsically valuable activity distinguished residents who chose research as a career path from those who were undecided (p = 0.004). The belief that research is a means to better clinical practice also divided those who chose research from those who rejected it (p = 0.02).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our findings suggest that specific beliefs determine the level of research activity and career interest among residents. Novel strategies may be incorporated in training programmes to improve the interest and participation of residents in research, and to facilitate the development of academic clinicians.</p>

Research on the model of cultivation of young scientists in hospital by setting mentors / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Tutor system has been widely applied in the cultivation of talents, such as undergraduates, graduate students and young scientist.Scientific research tutor system promotes the interaction between tutors and students, and improves the level of personnel training.In view of the problems of cultivation of the young scientists in hospital, we established a model of cultivation of young scientists by setting mentors.After a preliminary practice, more significant results have been achieved.

La importante contribución de Werner G Jaffé a la ciencia venezolana / The important contribution of Werner G Jaffe in venezuelan science

Werner G. Jaffé (Frankfurt, Alemania, 1914/Caracas, Venezuela, 2009). Doctor en Química en Zurich, llegó a Venezuela en 1939. Tuvo una dilatada actuación como docente e investigador. Jefe de Investigación del Instituto Nacional de Nutrición. Profesor de Bioquímica en cuatro facultades: Agronomía, Ingeniería, Farmacia y Ciencias (Universidad Central de Venezuela). Fundador del grupo de Investigación Bioquímica Vegetal, llamado luego Bioquímica y Nutrición. Fundador del Consejo de Desarrollo Científico y Humanístico (UCV) y creador del Curso Interdisciplinario de Postgrado en Planificación Alimentaria y Nutricional. Premio Nacional de Investigación Científica José María Vargas y Medalla de Honor de la Facultad de Ciencias (UCV). Premio de la Asociación Pro Investigación de la UCV y Premio Nacional de Tecnología; Profesor Honorario de la Universidad Simón Bolívar y de la Facultad de Ciencias (UCV). Autor de “Nuestros alimentos, ayer, hoy y mañana” y de más de doscientos trabajos científicos. Sus contribuciones más importantes se refieren a la estructura de los carotenoides, codescubrimiento de la vitamina B12, presencia de factores antinutricionales en semillas de leguminosas, toxicidad del selenio en alimentos, desarrollo de fórmulas nutricionales enriquecidas (Lactovisoy) y enriquecimiento de harinas con hierro y vitaminas. Pionero y organizador de la investigación científica en Venezuela, divulgador y consejero sobre diferentes aspectos nutricionales. Hombre probo, padre y esposo ejemplar, Werner G. Jaffé es la figura más destacada en el país en el área de la Bioquímica Nutricional(AU)

Werner G. Jaffe (Frankfurt, Germany, 1914/Caracas, Venezuela, 2009). Doctor in Chemistry (Zurich). He came to Venezuela in 1939. He had a large career as teacher and researcher. Chief of Research of Instituto Nacional de Nutrición. Professor of Biochemistry in four faculties of Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV). Founder of the Research Group Bioquímica Vegetal, called later Bioquímica y Nutrición. Founder of Consejo de Desarrollo Científico y Humanístico (UCV) and the postgraduate in Planificación Alimentaria y Nutricional. He was awarded with The National Award in Scientific Research José María Vargas and received the Medal of Honor of the Faculty of Science (UCV). Received the Prize of Asociación Pro Investigación (UCV) and was endowed with the National Award of Technology; Honorary Professor of Universidad Simón Bolívar and Faculty of Science (UCV). Published the book “Nuestros alimentos, ayer, hoy y mañana”, and contributed with more than 200 scientific papers. His most important contributions are on carotenoid structure, codiscovery of B12 vitamin, presence of antinutritional factors on leguminous seeds, selenium toxicity in foods, development of enriched nutritional supplements (Lactovisoy), and flour enrichment with iron and vitamins. Pioneer and organizer of scientific research in Venezuela, divulger and counselor on different nutritional topics. Honest man, exemplary father and husband, Werner G. Jaffé is the most distinguished figure of Nutritional Biochemistry in Venezuela(AU)

A visão do cotidiano de um cientista retratada por estudantes iniciantes de licenciatura em química / The vision of the scientist quotidian portrayed by beginners undergraduates in chemistry teacher education

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em buscar um viés comparatista acerca da representação do cientista para estudantes iniciantes do ensino superior de Química em relação a outros estudos realizados no ensino fundamental e médio. Por meio de desenhos legendados, os estudantes matriculados numa disciplina de caráter pedagógico, oferecida por um curso de formação de professores de Química de uma universidade estadual paulista, representaram o cientista e seu agir. Esses desenhos foram agrupados em categorias de acordo com as características comuns e posteriormente quantificados, a fim de identificarmos a frequência com que certos comportamentos foram retratados pelos estudantes. Também analisamos a produção textual dos estudantes sobre essa temática. Observamos que apresentaram uma visão estereotipada de ciência e cientista vinculada aos meios de comunicação de modo similar a de estudantes do ensino básico (fundamental e médio) conforme retratada na literatura