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OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effects of different polar parts fro m total f lavonoids of Scutellaria amoena on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease （NAFLD）model rats. METHODS The total flavonoids of S. amoena （SAF）were extracted by reflux extraction with ethanol ，suspended with water ，and then extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol in order to obtain the extraction parts of SAF （recorded as SAFA and SAFB respectively ）. Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into normal group （n＝ 6）and modeling group （n＝30）. Modeling group was given high-lipid diet to induce NAFLD model. After modeling ，modeling group was randomly divided into model group （normal saline ），fenofibrate group （positive control ，20 mg/kg），SAF group （300 mg/kg），SAFA group （300 mg/kg）and SAFB group （300 mg/kg）；they were given relevant intragastical administration ，once a day，for consecutive 6 weeks. After last administration ，the liver index was calculated ；the levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triacylglycerol（TG），aspartate transaminase （AST），alanine transaminase （ALT），high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） in serum ，the levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD），glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px），malondialdehyde（MDA），interleukin-1β（IL-1β），IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）in liver tissue were detected；the pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were observed. RESULTS Compared with normal group ，the liver index ， the levels of TC ，TG，AST，ALT，LDL-C，MDA，IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α in serum/liver tissue of model group were all increased significantly （P＜0.05）， while the levels of HDL-C，SOD and GSH-Px were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group ，except there was no statistical significance in the serum levels of HDL-C and ALT in SAFA group （P＞0.05），above indexes in serum/liver tissue of rats in groups of polar parts from total flavonoids of S. amoena were significantly improved （P＜0.05）；inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty vacuoles in liver tissue were significantly improved. Compared with SAF group and SAFA group ，the levels of TC，TG，AST，MDA，IL-6 and TNF-α were decreased significantly in SAFB group（P＜0.05），while the level of SOD was increased significantly （P＜0.05）；pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were improved more significantly. CONCLUSIONS Each polar part from total flavonoids of S. amoena can improve NAFLD by regulating oxidative stress and inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors. The n-butanol polar part has more obvious effect .
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OBJECTIVE：To study the antioxidan t activity and lipid-lowering effect of ethanol extract and its different solvent extracts from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria amoena . METHODS ：The stem and leaves of S. amoena was extracted with 95％ ethanol to obtain ethanol extract ，and then extracted with petroleum ，ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain corresponding different solvent extracts. Using vitamin C （Vc）as positive control ，the antioxidant activities of ethanol extract ，petroleum ether extract ， ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena were determined by hydroxyl radical ，superoxide anion radical and DPPH radical scavenging method ，and the IC 50 was calculated. Steatosis L 02 hepatocyte model was established with fat emulsion. Using fenofibrate （20 μg/mL）as positive control ，the effects of high and low concentration （100 and 50 μg/mL） ethanol extract ，ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena on the contents of TC and TG in cells were investigated. RESULTS ：The order of scavenging ability to hydroxyl radicals was n-butanol extract ＞ethyl acetate extract＞Vc＞ethanol extract ＞petroleum ether extract ；IC50 of them were 0.15，0.17，0.35，0.75，1.17 mg/mL，respectively. The order of scavenging ability to superoxide anion radical was Vc ＞n-butanol extract ＞ethyl acetate extract ＞ethanol extract ＞ petroleum ether extract ；IC50 of them were 0.034，0.55，0.75，3.32，3.73 mg/mL，respectively. The order of DPPH scavenging ability to DPPH radical was Vc ＞n-butanol extract ＞ethyl acetate extract ＞ethanol extract ＞petroleum ether extract ；IC50 of them were 0.003 2，0.028，0.033，0.048，0.057 mg/mL， respectively. The ethanol extract ，ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena could significantly decrease the contents of TC and TG in steatosis L 02 hepatocytes （P＜0.01）. The order of lipid-lowering ability was n-butanol extract （low dose ）≈fenofibrate＞ethyl acetate extract （high dose ）＞ethanol extract （high dose ）＞ n-butanol extract （high dose ）＞ethyl acetate extract （low dose ）＞ethanol extract （low dose ）. CONCLUSIONS ：The ethanol extract ， petroleum ether extract ，ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract from the stems and leaves of S. amoena show good antioxidant activity and lipid-lowering effect （except for petroleum ether extract ）. Ethyl acetate extract and n-butanol extract possess the strongest antioxidant activity and lipid-lowering effect.
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OBJECTIVE：To study the protective effects of Scutellaria amoena enthanol extract and its different solvent parts on liver injury induced by CCl 4. METHODS ：S. amoena was extracted with 95％ ethanol to obtain ethanol extract ，and then was respectively extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol to obtain corresponding polar parts. Totally 48 mice were randomly divided into normal group （8 mice）and modeling group （40 mice）. Normal group was given constant volume of olive oil intraperitoneally ， 3 times a day ，for consecutive 6 weeks. Model group was given 30％CCl4-olive oil solution intraperitoneally to induce liver injury model，with initial dose of 5 mL/kg after each 3 mL/kg，3 times a days ，for 6 consecutive weeks. After modeling ，the mice were randomly divided into model group （normal saline ），sylibin group （positive control ，20 mg/kg），S. amoena ethanol extract group （100 mg/kg），S. amoena ethyl acetate group （100 mg/kg），and S. amoena n-butanol group （100 mg/kg），with 8 mice in each group. After they were given relevant medicine intragastrically once a day ，for consecutive 6 weeks. The general information during experiment of mice was observed. 1 h after last medication ，the serum contents of TC ，TG，ALT and AST were determined by Enzyme-labelled meter . After HE staining ，the pathological changes of liver tissue were observed and Ishak score was performed. RESULTS：In normal group ，mice had normal activity ，thick and glossy hair ，and the body weight was increased. The liver tissue had no obvious pathological changes. The model group had sparse hair ，and they were emaciated and listlessness ；and body weight （before medication ，1，2 week after medication ）was significantly lower than normal group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with normal g roup，the contents of TC ，TG，ALT and AST in serum were increased significantly （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. The structure of hepatic lobule was severely damaged and had more inflammatory cell infiltration ；the arrangement of hepatic cord FF117（-022）] was disordered and the Ishak score was significantly increased qq.com （P＜0.001）. Compared with model group ，above symptom and liver injury of mice in different administration groups wer improved to different extents. The serum contents of TC ，ALT and AST in silybin group and S. amoena ethyl acetate group ，serum contents of TG in administration groups as well as Ishak scores of liver tissue were decreased significantly in silybin group ，S. amoena ethanol extract group and S. amoena ethyl acetate group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.001）. CONCLUSIONS ：S. amoena ethanol extract and its different solvent parts can protect liver tissue of CCl4-induced liver injury model mice ，and active part is the ethyl acetate part of S. amoena .
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OBJECTIVE:To identify different origin of Scutellaria amoena CH Wright and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi indexed in China Pharmacopeia by HPLC fingerprints.METHODS:RP-HPLC method was adopted in which the samples were separated on Zorbax SB-C18(250mm?4.6mm,5?m)column at a column temperature of 30℃.The gradient elution was performed on the mobile phase which consisted of acetonitrile(contairing 1.0% methanoic acid)-water(containing 1.0% methanoic acid)at a flow rate of 1.0mL?min-1.The detection wavelength was set at 274nm.RESULTS:The fingerprints of Scutellaria amoena CH Wright that from different places were of great resemblance,so were the fingerprints between Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi that from different places,but the fingerprints between Scutellaria amoena CH Wright and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were of significant difference,with resemblance of only 0.859.CONCLUSION:The RP-HPLC fingerprint serves as basis for the further study of the quality criteria of Scutellaria amoena CH Wright and Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi.