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Objective To prepare SDF-1 α-loaded nanoliposome ( SNP )-SonoVue complex and investigate its tracing abilities, sustained-release property and effect on migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Methods The SNP was prepared to detect its physical characteristics including particle size,zeta potential, morphology, encapsulation efficiency and drug loading.SNP-SonoVue was constructed to detect the sustained release situation of SNP and SNP-SonoVue after low frequency ultrasound ( LIFU ) irradiation, and the connection of SNP-SonoVue was observed by fluorescence microscope. Effects of SNP-SonoVue on migration of BMSCs were detected to evaluate its bioactivity. BMSCs were divided into 6 groups,including Group A: SDF-1α+ 1% serum medium;Group B: SNP- SonoVue+ 1% serum culture medium;Group C:SNP-SonoVue+ 1% serum culture medium + LIFU ( 1 MHz,0.5 W/cm2, expose 30 s stop 30 s, 4 min);Group D: BNP-SonoVue+1% serum medium;Group E:BNP-SonoVue+1% serum medium+LIFU ( 1 MHz, 0.5 W/cm2, expose 30 s stop 30 s, 4 min),Group F:PBS+1% serum culture medium (control group). Its tracing abilitie were investigated in vitro. Results The average particle size of SNP was(220.4±9.9)nm,and the particle dispersion index(PDI) was(0.172± 0.015), the average zeta potential was ( 35.6 ± 1.7) mv. It was showed spherical dispersion by transmission electron microscopy. The encapsulation efficiency was up to 96.7% and the drug entrapment content was 481.76 ng/mg. Flow cytometric showed the suitable conditions for SNP-SonoVue preparation was that the ratio of SNP quality(mg) to Sono Vue microbubbles number(a) was20:(2.8×109)to40:(2.8× 109). Fluorescence microscopy showed that shells of SonoVue microbubbles connected with large numbers of SNP labeled with red fluorescent DiI. Drug release experiment showed that the cumulative SDF-1α release amount of SNP and SNP-SonoVue exposed to LIFU respectively were ( 68.61 ± 3.97 )% and ( 63.21 ± 5.68)% in vitro within 7 days, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P ＞ 0.05 ). Cell migration experiments confirmed that the transfer function of BMSCs in Group A, Ggroup B and group C was significantly higher than that in control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ), but there was no significant difference among the Group A, Ggroup B and group C ( P ＞0.05). In vitro development experiment showed that the SNP-SonoVue complex had obviously enhanced development effect. Conclusions SNP-SonoVue complex is successfully prepared. It has obviously enhanced development effect and can lead to migration of BMSCs.
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@#ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of cluster needling of scalp acupuncture combined with rehabilitation(Tang's Approach) on learning and memory and hippocampus SDF-1α mRNA in rats after focal cerebral ischemia.Methods60 rats was randomly divided into 4 groups: the control group (n=6), the model group (n=18), the acupuncture with rehabilitation group (n=18) and rehabilitation group (n=18). Photochemical activity was adopted to induce focal cerebral ischemia model. The acupuncture with rehabilitation group, the model group and rehabilitation group was divided into 3 subgroups by 3,7,14 days. 24 hours after molded, the cluster needle of scalp point with Water maze training was used in the acupuncture with rehabilitation group, Water maze training was used in the rehabilitation group, but the model group did not intervene. The learning and memory in rats was evaluated by Y-maze, and the expression of hippocampus SDF-1α mRNA was observed by RT-PCR method on 3th, 7th, 14th day after infarction.ResultsOn 3th, 7th, 14th day after infarction, the scores of learning and memory in other groups was less than the control group(P<0.05), but the learning and memory in the acupuncture with rehabilitation group had been restored, and the difference was statistically significant compared with rehabilitation group (P＜0.05) on 7th, 14th day after infarction; the expression of hippocampus SDF-1α mRNA has been risen in the acupuncture with rehabilitation group compared with the rehabilitation group (P＜0.05）, but the difference was not significant on 14th day after surgery(P＞0.05）.ConclusionThe hippocampus SDF-1α mRNA after focal cerebral ischemia increases by the cluster needle of scalp point with Water maze training, which may be one of the mechanisms to improve the learning and memory by Tang's Approach after focal cerebral ischemia.
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OBJECTIVE: Ovarian angiogenesis plays an important role in folliculogenesis. However, little is known about the expression of angiogenic factors during follicular development according to female age. Stromal cell derived factor-1alpha (SDF-1alpha) plays a role in granulosa cell survival and embryo quality as an angiogenic chemokine. Leptin is also involved in folliculogenesis and angiogenesis. This study examined expression of SDF-1alpha and leptin, and their effects on the expression of angiogenic factors in the ovary during follicular development according to female age. METHODS: Ovaries were collected from C57BL mice of two age groups (6-9 weeks and 24-26 weeks) at 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after 5 IU pregnant mare's serum gonadotropin (PMSG) injection. The expression of ovarian SDF-1alpha and leptin mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR. In the organ culture experiment, the ovaries were cultured in transwell permeable supports with Waymouth's medium treated with various doses of SDF-1alpha (50-200 ng/mL) or leptin (0.01-1 microg/mL) for 7 days. Then, mRNA expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and visfatin were examined in the cultured ovaries. RESULTS: Expression of SDF-1alpha and leptin in the ovary was significantly lower in the aged mouse group compared to the young mouse group (p<0.05). Expression of these two factors increased with follicular development after PMSG administration. SDF-1alpha treatment stimulated visfatin expression in a dose-dependent manner, while leptin treatment significantly increased eNOS expression. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that decrease of ovarian SDF-1alpha and leptin expression may be associated with aging-related reduction of ovarian function. SDF-1alpha and leptin may play a role in follicular development by regulating the expression of angiogenic factors in mouse ovaries.