Correlation of OPG and DEXA: A Case Control Study

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a common disorder affectingolder females. But it remains undetected in many cases. Theaim of the present study is to evaluate the correlation of lowerborder of mandible of OPG and bone mineral density changesas measured by dual energy x ray absorptiometry.Material and methods: 30 female patients were subjected toOPG and DEXA. The visual analysis of OPG was done andcompared with bone mineral density obtained by DEXA.Results: It was found that statistically no significant differencewas observed between OPG and DEXA technique.Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between lowerborder of mandible and bone mineral density. So visualestimation of panoramic radiograph can be used as a screeningtool for evaluation of osteoporosis.

Tonic pupil in leprosy / Pupila tônica em doença de Hansen

Pupil abnormalities in leprosy usually result from chronic iritis with loss of stroma, iris miosis, a sluggish reaction to light, and poor dilation in response to anticholinergic mydriatics. We report two patients with long-standing lepromatous leprosy who developed tonic pupils characterized by mydriasis, absence of reaction to light and hypersensitivity to weak cholinergic solution. Examination revealed iritis and iris atrophy. In both cases, instillation of dilute 0.1% pilocarpine caused miosis in the affected eyes. Tonic pupil occurs in many conditions, but its association with leprosy had not been previously reported.

Anormalidades da pupila em pacientes com doença de Hansen, ocorrem mais comumente devido a irite crônica com perda do estroma iriano, miose, diminuição da reação à luz, e dificuldade de dilatação em resposta a colírios anticolinérgicos. Relatamos dois pacientes com doença de Hansen na forma lepromatosa que desenvolveram pupilas tônicas, caracterizadas por midríase, ausência de reação a luz e para perto e hipersensibilidade a fraca concentração de solução colinérgica. O exame revelou irite e atrofia iriana. Em ambos os casos a instilação de pilocarpina 0,1% causou miose nos olhos afetados. A pupila tônica tem sido relatada em muitas condições, mas sua associação com doença de Hansen ainda não havia sido descrita.

Current approach in diagnosis and management of anterior uveitis.

Uveitis is composed of a diverse group of disease entities, which in total has been estimated to cause approximately 10% of blindness. Uveitis is broadly classified into anterior, intermediate, posterior and panuveitis based on the anatomical involvement of the eye. Anterior uveitis is, however, the commonest form of uveitis with varying incidences reported in worldwide literature. Anterior uveitis can be very benign to present with but often can lead to severe morbidity if not treated appropriately. The present article will assist ophthalmologists in accurately diagnosing anterior uveitis, improving the quality of care rendered to patients with anterior uveitis, minimizing the adverse effects of anterior uveitis, developing a decision-making strategy for management of patients at risk of permanent visual loss from anterior uveitis, informing and educating patients and other healthcare practitioners about the visual complications, risk factors, and treatment options associated with anterior uveitis.

Manifestaciones oculares y orbitarias de enfermedades gastrointestinales / Ocular and orbital manifestations of gastrointestinal diseases

El propósito de este artículo es revisar las patologías de origen gastrointestinal que se manifiestan sobre los tejidos oculares, en algunos casos, como signo predictor o temprano de la enfermedad y en otros, generando enfermedad sobre el ojo y/o sus anexos.De igual manera se revisan patologías sistémicas de origen no ocular ni gastrointestinal pero que terminan envolviendo en su curso a ambos sistemas.

The purpose of this article is to perform a review over gastrointestinal diseases can affect the ocular tissues. Sometimes like a predictor symptom and in other instances the eye become as a one of the many organs affected by the severity of the basis disease. In the same way both gastrointestinal system and visual system may be involved as part of a systemic disease.

Síndrome de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada: revisão de literatura / Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's disease: literature review

Introdução: A síndrome de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada é uma doença rara que atingem tecidos contendo melanócitos como nos olhos, sistema nervoso central, pele e ouvido interno. Apresenta predominância nos asiáticos, indianos e latinoamericanos e no sexo feminino. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre os diversos aspectos da Síndrome de Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada, enfatizando a sua etiopatogenia bem como as manifestações clínicas otorrinolaringológicas através dos bancos de dados on line Cochrane, LILACS, MEDLINE, OMIM e SciELO. Revisão de Literatura: A etiologia é incerta, mas há indícios de processo auto-imune contra antígenos na superfície dos melanócitos determinando uma resposta inflamatória imune com predomínio de linfócitos T. O alelo HLA-DRB1*0405 é o mais associado à doença. As manifestações clínicas são divididas em quatro estágios: prodrômico, uveítico, crônico e de recorrência. As manifestações otorrinolaringológicas se desenvolvem na fase uveítica. Há hipoacusia do tipo neurossensorial bilateral e rapidamente progressiva associada a zumbidos. O comprometimento do componente vestibular leva a vertigem, nistagmo horizontal e alteração do reflexo óculo-vestibular.

Introduction: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada's disease is a rare syndrome that affects tissues with melanocytes like eyes, central nervous system, skin and inner ear. It affects primarily Asians, Indians and Latin Americans and also women.

Uveíte anterior como manifestação da Doença de Kikuchi e Fujimoto / Anterior Uveitis as an ocular manifestation of Kikuchi and Fujimoto's Disease

Apresentação de um caso de febre de origem obscura numa paciente feminina de 35 anos, com queda do estado geral, adenomegalia cervical posterior, monilíase oral, parotidite e irite.Após o parecer oftalmológico, o tratamento foi iniciado e posteriormente com o resultado do exame histopatológico de um linfonodo, diagnosticou-se a Doença de Kikuchi e Fujimoto. Sugerimos que a uveíte anterior seja reconhecida como mais um sinal de suspeita desta doença. São comentados os achados oculares, os aspectos histopatológicos e o tratamento da Doença de Kikuchi e Fujimoto.

Report of a case on Kikuchi and Fujimoto's Disease in a young lady who developed a long standing spiking fever, weight loss, cervical adenomegalia, oral moniliasis, parotiditis and iritis.The histopathological findings, course and treatment as well as the importance of a multidisciplinar approach are commented.

A Case of Terrien's Margina| Degeneration of the Cornea accompanied with the Iritis

Terrien's marginal degeneration is a rare bilateral condition. Most investigators have thought that it was a degenerative origin, and emphasized the lack of significant inflammatory signs and symptoms. Several reports in Korea, except one case of perforation reported only mild conjunctival injection. But, recent reports suggested the possibility of inflammatory process and immune phenomenon. We experienced one case of Terrien's marginal degeneration accompanied with the iritis and treated with topical steroid, conjunctival flap and therapeutic contact lens.

A Case of Terrien's Margina| Degeneration of the Cornea accompanied with the Iritis

Terrien's marginal degeneration is a rare bilateral condition. Most investigators have thought that it was a degenerative origin, and emphasized the lack of significant inflammatory signs and symptoms. Several reports in Korea, except one case of perforation reported only mild conjunctival injection. But, recent reports suggested the possibility of inflammatory process and immune phenomenon. We experienced one case of Terrien's marginal degeneration accompanied with the iritis and treated with topical steroid, conjunctival flap and therapeutic contact lens.