RESUMEN
The present investigation Comprises 34 advanced breeding lines including checks of bread wheat and experiment was conducted in a complete randomized block design with three replications at the research farm department of genetics and plant breeding, RVSKVV, B.M. College of Agriculture, Khandwa during Rabi season (November 2021 to April 2022) for estimation of the multivariate analysis of divergence. The advanced breeding lines were grouped into seven clusters. Cluster III contained the highest number of advanced breeding lines(12) and clusters V, VI, and VII contained the lowest (1 each). The inter-cluster distance in most cases was larger than the intra cluster distance which indicated that wider diversity is present among the advanced breeding lines of distant grouped. The highest intra cluster distance was observed in cluster IV revealed maximum genetic divergence among its constituents. The highest inter-cluster distance was found between cluster VI and VII and the lowest was between cluster V and VI. Highest cluster mean exhibited in cluster VII for most of the agro-morphological traits i.e. number of tillers/plant, spike length, spike weight, number of grain/spike followed by cluster II for grain filling period, days to maturity and plant height. On the basis of genetic diversity analysis, maximum percent contribution towards genetic divergence in 34 advanced breeding lines were found in grain filling period, days to maturity, number of grain/spike, days to 50% flowering, biological yield per plant and harvest index. Such differences in the genetic component of traits studied in the manuscript can be applied as a source of variation in other breeding programmes and crossing nurseries for wheat improvement.
RESUMEN
The present investigation was carried out to assess the genetic diversity present among 66 rice landraces along with 4 checks for 14 different quantitative traits. All the genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters by performing Tocher’s clustering method using Mahalanobis D2 distance. Cluster I was the largest, comprising of 34 genotypes, followed by Cluster II with 28 genotypes. The maximum genetic distance (D2) was observed between cluster V an III (6243.98), followed by clusters II and III (6166.44), clusters IV and II (6022.47), clusters I and IV (4544.26) and clusters IV and III (4161.67). The results revealed the highest contribution of plant height (25.50%) towards total diversity, followed by days to 50% flowering kernel (3.18%), grain yield per plant (2.42 %) and days to maturity (2.06). The rice genotypes belonging to the clusters III , IV and V were found to be the most divergent, and hence can be utilised in the recombination breeding programmes to exploit maximum heterosis.