Salivary Gland Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A 15-year Experience

Abstract Introduction Diseases of the salivary glands are rare in children and adolescents, with the exception of viral-induced infections. Objective To determine the clinical course of the disease, the diagnostic procedures, the treatment and the outcome of all children and adolescents affected with salivary gland diseases at our clinic over a period of 15 years. Methods A retrospective chart review including a long-term follow-up was conducted among 146 children and adolescents treated for salivary gland disorders from 2002 to 2016. Results Diagnosing acute sialadenitis was easily managed by all doctors regardless of their specialty. The diagnosis of sialolithiasis was rapidly made only by otorhinolar- yngologists, whereas diagnosing juvenile recurrent parotitis imposed difficulties to doctors of all specialties - resulting in a significant delay between the first occurrence of symptoms and the correct diagnosis. The severity-adjusted treatment yielded improve- ments in all cases, and a full recovery of 75% of the cases of sialolithiasis, 73% of the cases of juvenile recurrent parotitis, and 100% of the cases of acute sialadenitis. Conclusions Due to their low prevalence and the lack of pathognomonic symptoms, salivary gland diseases in children and adolescents are often misdiagnosed, resulting in an unneces- sarily long period of suffering despite a favorable outcome following the correct treatment.

Sialolitíase: revisão de literatura e levantamento de casos / Sialolithiasis: literature review and survey of cases

Introdução: As sialolitíases são estruturas calcificadas de crescimento lento e gradual, que se desenvolvem no sistema ductal ou no interior de uma glândula, obstruindoou dificultando o fluxo normal de saliva. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura acerca da ocorrência de sialotitíases e realizar um levantamento de casos registrados no Laboratório de Patologia Bucal do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas(ICB) da Universidade de Passo Fundo/ RS (UPF) desde o ano de 1987.Métodos: Para a realização da revisão de literatura foram utilizadas bases de dados pertinentes ao assunto e quanto aos dados encontrados no levantamento epidemiológico, estes, foram coletados e tabulados em planilha eletrônica (Excel) sendo analisados por meio de estatística descritiva de freqüência. Conclusões: pode-se concluir que a sialolitíase é uma patologia comum que consiste na formação de concreções calcificadas no sistema ductal ou no interior de uma glândula, sendo mais prevalentes no ducto da glândula submandibular unilateralmente e em pacientes leucodermas do gênero feminino. Raramente são encaminhadas para exame histopatológico, visto o pequeno número de casos encontrados. O diagnóstico é feito por meio de exame clínico e história médica/odontológica bem realizada e o tratamento depende do tamanho e localização do cálculo, presença deinfecção e da experiência do profissional.

Introduction: The sialolithiasis are calcified structures of slow and gradual growth, that develop in the ductal system or within a salivary gland, obstructing or hindering the normal flow of saliva. Objective: Perform a systematic review of the literature about the occurrence of sialolithiasis and perform a survey of cases registered in the Oral Pathology Laboratory of the Institute of Biological Sciences(ICB) of University of Passo Fundo/RS (UPF). Methods: To perform the literature review were used databases relevant to the subject and the data found in the epidemiologic survey, these were collected and tabulated in a spreadsheet (Excel) and analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency. Conclusions: it can be conclude that the sialolithiasis is a common condition consisting in the formation of calcified concretions in the ductal system or within a salivary gland, being more prevalent in the duct of the submandibular gland unilaterally and in caucasian female patients. Are rarely sent for histophatology, viewed the small number of cases surveyed. The diagnostic is done by means of clinical history medical / dental well done and treatment depends on the size and location of the calculation, the presence of infection and experience of professional.

Sialolithiasis in a 10 year old child.

Sialolithiasis is often observed in the oral region, and is caused by the development of a calculus in the salivary gland or duct. This disease is mostly seen in adults or young adults, and seldom develops in children. Of all the cases of sialolithiasis, only 3% are seen in the pediatric population. The clinical presentation typically consists of a painful swelling of the involved salivary gland at meal times, as the obstruction is most acute at this time. The clinical signs often lead to an easy diagnosis. The salivary gland most commonly affected is the submandibular gland. In this paper, we have reported the case of a 10 year old female with sialolithiasis of the left submandibular duct. The treatment consisted of the use of lemon and orange drop candies, which stimulated the salivary flow and in turn resulted in the expulsion of stone.

Sialolitectomía intraoral con láser de CO2: reporte de un caso / Intraoral sialolithectomy performed using a CO2 laser: a case report

La sialolitiasis es una enfermedad común de las glándulas salivares mayores, representa el 11% al 70 % de la patología glandular obstructiva.Consiste en la obstrucción mecánica delconducto salival excretor o del parénquima glandular, por una formación calcárea llamada sialolito; afecta con mayor frecuencia a laglándula submandibular (78 por ciento), en menor grado a la glándula parótida (20 por ciento) y a la glándulasublingual (2 por ciento). Se reporta una predilección mayor en hombres (2:1) y preferentemente entrela cuarta y sexta década de la vida.Para el diagnóstico de una sialolitiasis de la glándula submandibular, la clínica es bastante sugestiva, porque la obstrucción del conducto de Wharton produce tumefacción en el piso de boca y dolor intenso que varía durante el día, aumentando especialmente después de las comidas por sobresestimulaciónde la glándula. El diagnóstico por imagen más sencillo y económico para evidenciar un sialolito es la radiografía oclusal de la arcada inferior; otrosestudios de imagen demuestran la localización exacta del cálculo dentro de la glándula como: la ultrasonografía, la tomografía computarizada, resonancia magnética nuclear, sialografías,y endoscopia. El tratamiento depende del compromiso de la funcionalidad de la glándula según la cronicidad de la inflamación y el tamaño del sialolito.La sialolitectomía intraoral con laser CO2 , es el tratamiento que ofrece buenos resultados en términos de conservación de la glándula ybaja morbilidad, que en casos bien seleccionados es una técnica mínimamente invasiva y con bajo índice de complicaciones.

Sialolitiasis de glándula sublingual: presentación de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Sialolithiasis of sublingual gland: report of a clinical case and review of the literature

La sialolitiasis es una enfermedad de presentación esporádica que se manifieta con mayor frecuencia en pacientes de sexo masculino y se asocia principalmente con las glándulas salivales mayores. Clínicamente, el sitio afectado presenta aumento de volumen, de consistencia dura, móvil, fácilmente desplazable y a veces doloroso. En este artículo se reporta un caso de uon paciente masculino de 20 años de edad con un sialolito de un año de evolución, localizado en una de las glándulas sublinguales. Se llevó a cabo la remoción quirúrgica del cálculo, sin ninguna complicación y se realizó el examen microscópico. Se efectúa seguimiento del paciente y al año no se encontró evidencia clínica o radiográfica de recurrencia. En la discusión se analizan las principales características clínicas de esta enfermedad, su tratamiento, pronóstico y se hace énfasis en que su tratamiento debe de ser realizado por un cirujano maxilofacial experimentado