Comparison of the effect of pre-operative single oral dose of Tramadol and Famotidine on gastric secretions pH and volume in patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy

To evaluate and compare the effects of pre-operative single oral dose of tramadol and famotidine on gastric secretions pH and volume in patients electively scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Randomized control trial. Department of Anaesthesia, King Saud University Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from August 2011 to June 2013. Ninety adult, ASA-I and II patients scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were included in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to receive pre-operatively either placebo [Group-C, n=30], oral tramadol 100 mg [Group-T, n=30] or famotidine 40 mg [Group-F, n=30]. After induction of general anaesthesia, gastric fluid was aspirated through orogastric tube. The gastric secretions volume and pH was measured using pH meter. There was no statistically difference between groups in age, weight and gender. The gastric secretions mean pH was 2.06 +/- 0.22,2.04 +/- 0.20, 5.79 +/- 0.77 and volume was 0.59 +/- 0.17, 0.59 +/- 0.14 and 0.28 +/- 0.16 ml/kg in Group-C, Group-T and Group-F respectively. There was a significant statistical difference in the mean pH values between Group-C vs. Group-F [p < 0.001] and Group-Tvs. Group-F [p < 0.001]. Statistically significant difference was also found in the mean gastric secretions volume between Group - C vs. Group-F [p < 0.001] and Group-Tvs. Group-F [p < 0.001]. There was no significant difference in the mean gastric fluid pH values [p=0.99] and mean gastric secretions volume [p=0.99] between Group-Tand Group-C. As compared to famotidine, pre-operative single oral dose of tramadol was unable to elevate the desired level of gastric fluid pH [> 2.5] and decrease in gastric secretions volume [< 0.4ml/kg]

Effects of the histamine H2 receptor antagonist famotidine on the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats

BACKGROUND: Failure of anastomotic healing is one of the major complications in colorectal surgery. Because histamine plays an important role in immune and inflammatory reactions, we demonstrate the effects of famotidine on the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats. METHODS: Twenty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were used in the study. Excision and end-to-end anastomosis was performed in the distal colon of the rat. The Famotidine Group received 2 mg/kg/day famotidine; the Control Group received the same amount of saline. Bursting pressure of anastomoses and hydroxyproline content of perianastomotic tissues were evaluated on the third and seventh days following surgery. RESULTS: Bursting pressures and hydroxyproline contents for the Famotidine Group were significantly lower than the equivalent parameters for the Control Group on both the third and seventh days post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS: According to our findings, famotidine exerts detrimental effects on the anastomotic bursting pressure and hydroxyproline content of perianastomotic tissues in the colon of rats.

Hernia hiatal gigante: reporte de un caso / Giant hiatal hernia: a case report

La hernia de hiato es una situación patológica que se da cuando parte del estómago se introduce hacia el tórax. El esófago entra en el abdomen desde el tórax a través de un agujero o hiato que se encuentra en el diafragma. El estómago protruye a través de este hiato debilitado y produce ardores (pirosis) y dolor torácico. La persistencia en el tiempo de esta hernia, puede provocar una metaplasia de la mucosa esofágica dando al lugar al esófago de Barret el cual puede malignizar produciéndose cáncer de esófago. (1) La hernia de hiato es relativamente frecuente, afectando hasta un 20 por ciento de la población. Del total de pacientes con el trastorno, cerca del 10 por ciento son asintomáticos, dependiendo del grado de protrución estomacal y de que tanto esté afectado el esfinter esofágico inferior (EEI). Un 40 por ciento de las hernias de hiato son hernias deslizantes, en las que el EEI protruye conjuntamente con una porción del estómago y solo un 5 por ciento son paraesofágicas, en la que solo una porción del estómago se hace intratorácica mientras tanto que el EEI permanece intraabdominal. Los síntomas más comunes de una hernia de hiato incluyen pirosis, dolor torácico, disfagia, palpitaciones y ocasionalmente regurgitación o reflujo gastroesofágico. El diagnóstico de una hernia hiatal comienza con el éxamen físico por razón de la sintomatología. Los estudios radiográficos y la endoscopia digestiva demuestran la hernia hiatal y ayudan a descartar otras causas de molestias digestivas altas. (2) Se recomienda un procedimiento quirúrgico conocida como fundoplicación de Nissen, (3) Cuando los síntomas causados por una hernia de hiato son tan severas que pueden resultar en lesiones al esófago o incluso cáncer del esófago. (6) Se trata de lactante mayor de seis meses de edad quien es natural de la localidad y procedente de Cordero, quien inicia enfermedad actual el día de hoy en la madrugada según refiere la madre, caracterizado por vómitos en número incontables.

Promotion of cutaneous wound healing by famotidine in Wistar rats.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Drugs like famotidine, omeprazole and sucralfate which have been reported to promote the healing of gastric ulcers, may have the same effect on cutaneous wounds. Due to paucity of information in this regard, the present study was planned to investigate the effect of these drugs on resutured incision, excision and dead space wounds in Wistar rats. METHODS:Resutured incision, excision and dead space wounds were inflicted under light ether anaesthesia aseptically. Control animals received vehicle and other groups received famotidine, omeprazole and sucralfate orally for a period of 10 days in the incision and dead space wounds, whereas in excision wounds till complete closure. On the 11th day after estimating breaking strength of the resutured incision wounds, animals were sacrificed and granulation tissue removed from dead space wounds to estimate the breaking strength and hydroxyproline content. Quantification of granulation tissue and histological studies were also carried out. Wound closure rate, epithelization time and scar features were studied in the excision wound models from the day of famotidine till complete closure of the wound. RESULTS: Only famotidine significantly promoted the healing process in all the three wound models studied. Histopathological studies revealed increased collagen content and granulation tissue in famotidine treated group compared to control. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION: In all the three wound models studied famotidine promoted wound healing whereas omeprazole and sucralfate did not do so. The pro healing effect of famotidine needs to be explored clinically.

Efeitos dos bloqueadores H2 sobre o espraiamento de macrófagos in vitro / Effects of H2 blockers on the spreading of macrophages in vitro

Verificar se a cimetifdina, ranitidina e a famotidina, quando injetadas por via ip em camundongo, promovem ativaçäo macrofágica e se esta é alterada com o uso prévio de tioglicolato sódico. Tipo de estudo - Experimental. Animais - Camundongos isogênicos, Balb/c, 19-21g. Intervençiao - Utilizados oito grupos com 10 animais cada. Os animais foram tratados, por via ip, com cimetidina (100mg/Kg), ranitidina (62,5mg/Kg) e famotidina (50mg/Kg), sendo comparados com um grupo controle (salina). Vinte e quatro horas após a inoculaçäo, foi aplicada a técnica do espraiamento de macrófagos. Em etapa posterior, o mesmo procedimento foi realizado, porém em grupos tratados previamente com tioglicolato sódico (15mg/Kg). Análise estatística - Através dos testes de KrusKal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney. Resultados e conclusäo - A inoculaçäo dos anti-H2 em cavidade peritoneal de camundongos aumenta significantemente o espraiamento macrofágico, independentemente do uso prévio de um irritante peritoneal