Análise da taxa de mortalidade por câncer de estômago entre 2000 e 2015 na Paraíba, Brasil / Analysis of mortality rate for stomach cancer between 2000 and 2015 in Paraíba, Brazil

Introdução: O câncer de estômago é um dos tipos de neoplasias mais graves no mundo, apresentando alta incidência e mortalidade. Objetivo: Analisar a taxa de mortalidade por câncer de estômago entre os anos de 2000 e 2015 na Paraíba,Brasil. Material e Método: Trata-se de um estudo de delineamento de correlação, no qual os dados foram obtidos no Atlas On-line de Mortalidade por Câncer. Foram coletados o número de óbitos por câncer de estômago na Paraíba entre 2000 e 2015. Além disso, foram coletadas as taxas de mortalidade específica bruta e ajustada por idade para o sexo masculino e feminino. Para avaliar a significância da tendência temporal utilizou-se o teste de regressão linear simples. O modelo estimado serviu para calcular a Variação Percentual Anual Estimada. Resultados: A taxa de mortalidade por câncer de estômago, padronizada pela idade no sexo masculino, foi maior em todos os anos, em comparação com os valores apresentados pela população geral e o sexo feminino. Além disso, no período analisado, o aumento da mortalidade foi de 0,027 óbitos por 100 mil habitantes, 0,029 por 100 mil homens e 0,026 por 100 mil mulheres. Tanto na população geral quanto na população masculina e feminina, especificamente, observou-se aumento significativo (p<0,001) da mortalidade. O sexo masculino foi o que apresentou a maior acréscimo anual no número de óbitos, com uma variação percentual média anual estimada de 2,94%. Conclusão: A taxa de mortalidade por câncer de estômago na população em geral, principalmente nos homens, aumentou de forma considerável na Paraíba entre os anos de 2000 e 2015.

Introduction:Worldwide, gastric cancer is one of the most severe neoplasms. It presents a high incidence and mortality rates. Objective: Analyze the mortality rate due to gastric cancer. Material and Methods: This is a correlation delinaetion study, in which the data were obtained from the Online Atlas of Cancer Mortality. We collected the number of deaths from gastric cancer in the State of Paraíba from 2000 to 2015. We also collected male and female crude and age specific mortality rates for gastric cancer. We used simple linear regression test to evaluate the significance of temporal trend. The estimated model was used to calculate the Average Estimated Annual Percent Change. Results: Age-standardized mortality rate of gastric cancer among males was higher in every year when compared to that presented by both general population and female population. In the study period, the increase in the mortality rate was 0.027 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. Mortality rate was 0.029 deaths per 100,000 men and 0.026 deaths per 100,000 women. We observed a significant increase mortality rate in the general population, and specifically, in male and female populations (p <0.001). Males presented the highest annual increase in the number of deaths with an estimated annual percentage change of 2.94%. Conclusion:Mortality rate for gastric cancer in the general population increased considerably in Paraíba from 2000 to 2015, especially in men

Associação de interleucina-10-1082A/polimorfismo G (rs1800896) com suscetibilidade a câncer gástrico: meta-análise de 6. 101 casos e 8. 557 controles / Association of interleukin-10 -1082 a/g (rs1800896) polymorphism with susceptibility to gastric cancer: meta-analysis of 6, 101 cases and 8, 557 controls

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The promoter -1082 A/G (rs1800896) polymorphism of Interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene have been widely reported and considered to have a significant role on gastric cancer risk, but the results are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the association, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the associations IL-10 -1082 A/G polymorphism with gastric cancer. METHODS: Eligible articles were identified by searching databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar up to August 03, 2017. Odds ratios (OR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association. RESULTS: A total of 30 case-control studies with 6,101 cases and 8,557 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, a significant association between IL-10 -1082 A/G polymorphism and gastric cancer risk was observed under the allele model (G vs A: OR=1.305, 95% CI=1.076-1.584; P=0.007), heterozygote model and (GA vs AA: OR=1.252, 95% CI=1.252-1.054; P=0.011) and dominant model (GG+GA vs AA: OR=1.264, 95% CI=1.053-1.516; P=0.012). In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, increased gastric cancer risk were found in Asians under the allele model (G vs A: OR=1.520, 95% CI=1.172-1.973; P=0.002), homozygote model (GG+GA vs AA: OR=1.571, 95% CI=1.023-2.414; P= 0.039), heterozygote model (GA vs AA: OR=1.465, 95% CI=1.192-1.801; P≤0.001) and dominant model (GG+GA vs AA: OR=1.448, 95% CI=1.152-1.821; P=0.002), but not among Caucasian and Latinos populations. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that the IL-10 -1082 A/G (rs1800896) polymorphism might contribute to the gastric cancer susceptibility, especially among Asians.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: O promotor-1082 A/polimorfismo G (rs1800896) do gene da interleucina-10 (IL-10) é amplamente relatado e considerado por ter um papel significativo no risco de câncer gástrico, porém os resultados são inconsistentes. OBJETIVO: Para esclarecer melhor esta associação, realizou-se uma meta-análise para investigar as associações de IL-10-1082 A/polimorfismo G com câncer gástrico. MÉTODOS: Artigos elegíveis foram identificados através de pesquisa de bases de dados PubMed, Web of Science e Google Scholar até 3 de agosto de 2017. Razões de possibilidades (OR) com intervalo de confiança de 95% correspondente (CIs) foram usados para avaliar a associação. RESULTADOS: Um total de 30 estudos de caso-controle, 6.101 casos e com 8.557 controles foram incluídos nesta meta-análise. Em geral, uma associação significativa entre IL-10-1082 A/G polimorfismo e risco de câncer gástrico foi observada sob o modelo de alelo (G vs A: OR=1.305, 95% CI=1.076-1.584; P=0.007), no modelo heterozigoto (GA vs AA: OR=1.252, 95% CI=1.252-1.054; P=0.011) e modelo dominante (GG+GA vs AA: OR=1.264, 95% CI=1.053-1.516; P=0.012). Na análise de subgrupo pela etnia, foi encontrado risco aumentado de câncer gástrico em asiáticos sob o modelo de alelo (G vs A: OR=1.520, 95% CI=1.172-1.973; P=0.002), modelo heterozigoto (GG+GA vs AA: OR=1.571, 95% CI=1.023-2.414; P= 0.039), e modelo dominante (GG+GA vs AA: OR=1.448, 95% CI=1.152-1.821; P=0.002), mas não entre a população caucasiana e latina. CONCLUSÃO: Estes resultados sugeriram que a IL-10-1082 A/polimorfismo G (rs1800896) pode contribuir para a suscetibilidade de câncer gástrico, especialmente entre os asiáticos.

Are there any real Helicobacter pylori infection-negative gastric cancers in Asia?

The great variability in gastric cancer rates across Asia, with very high incidences in Japan and Korea, and exceedingly low incidences in ethnic Malays, whether in Malaysia or Indonesia, appears largely due to variation in Helicobacter pylori infection rates. While between 2% and 10.6% of gastric cancers in a recent Japanese survey were considered to be negative for bacterial infection on the basis of seropositivity and H. pylori-dependent mucosal atrophy, it is notoriously difficult to preclude past infection. The situation is greatly complicated by reported differences in the etiology of gastric cardia and non-cardia cancers. In the Western world there do appear to be tumours arising close to the esophageal-gastric junction which are not related to H. pylori and associated inflammation, but in most Asian populations these appear to be very rare. Therefore preventive efforts, and particularly screening, should be focused on markers of bacterial infection, with avoidance of unnecessary exposure to X-ray radiation.

Cáncer gástrico en Lima Metropolitana / Gastric cancer in Metropolitan Lima

El cáncer gástrico continúa siendo una de las neoplasias malignas más comunes en el mundo. A pesar de la disminución en la incidencia de esta enfermedad en países desarrollados; Europa del Este, Asia y América Latina muestran la incidencia más alta representaron el 8,6 por ciento de nuevos cánceres en el año 2002. En Lima ha aumentado desde el año 1990 hasta 1997, llegando a tener 24,3/100000 en hombres, y en mujeres 17,6/100000, en el último periodo estudiado, considerándose área de alto riesgo. La mortalidad continúa siendo la primera causa de muerte para ambos sexos, en hombres 19,3/100000 y en mujeres 14,2/100000. La incidencia guarda una relación directamente proporcional con el lugar de origen dentro de Lima Metropolitana, una ciudad de cerca de 8 millones de habitantes, indicando que los distritos que muestran una mayor incidencia son Puente Piedra y Lince seguidos de Villa El Salvador, El Agustino, Breña Rimac, entre otros, que son distritos de un nivel socioeconómico medio bajo; y los que muestran menor incidencia son aquellos que tienen un nivel socioeconómico alto como San Isidro y Miraflores entre otros.

Gastric cancer continues to be one of the most common malignant neoplasias inthe world. Despite the decreasing incidence of this disease in developed countries, Eastern Europe and Latin America show the highest incidences. It accounted for 8.6 per cent of all new cases of cancer in 2002. In Peru it has increased between 1990 and 1997 amounting to 24.3/100000 in men and 17.6/100000 in women, during the last period studied, thus it is considered a high risk area. Mortality: it is still the leading cause of death for both sexes, in men it is 19.3/100000 and in women 14.2/100000. Incidence is directly proportional to the place of origin in Metropolitan Lima, a city of almost 8 million inhabitants, and the districts with the highest incidences are Puente Piedra and Lince followed by Villa El Salvador, El Augustino, Breña and Rimac among others. These are districts with medium-low socioeconomic levels, whereas the lowest incidences are found in districts with high socioeconomic levels, such as San Isidro and Miraflores, among others.

Experience of Gastric Cancer Survivors and their Spouses in Korea: Secondary Analysis / 간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of gastric cancer couples in Korea and to generate a substantive theory integrating the experiences of gastric cancer survivors and their spouses as a whole. The specific aims of this study were to explore major problems gastric cancer couples faced and how they resolved these problems, focusing on inter-relational dynamics within the couples and on similarities and differences between the couples. METHODS: This was a secondary analysis study using grounded theory techniques. The study used the data of 11 married couples which was collected from in-depth interviews from two primary studies. The unit of analysis was dyads of gastric cancer survivors and their spouses. RESULT: The basic social psychological process that emerged from the analysis was "taking charge of their health." Major categories involved in this process were identified as 1) adjusting to new diets, 2) reinforcing physical strength, 3) seeking information, 4) strengthening Ki, 5) lowering life-expectations, and 6) going their separate ways. These six categories represent major strategies in overcoming critical problems that occurred in day-to-day experiences. In terms of the process, the first five categories characterize the earlier stage of the process of "taking charge of their health," while "going their separate ways" indicates the later stage and also the beginning of their separate ways: "pursuing spiritual life" for the survivors, and "preparing for the future" for the spouses. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study will help design family care for the people with gastric cancer by providing in-depth understanding and insight on the lives of gastric cancer couples.

Câncer gástrico: relação entre o tipo histologico e consumo de alimentos regionais do Nordeste brasileiro / Gastric cancer: relationship between histologic types and intake of regional foods from the Northeastern region of Brazil

O câncer gástrico é prevalente em preticamente todo mundo, com taxas de incidência variando entrepaíses e dentro de um mesmo país. apesar do declínio da incidência verificado nos últimos 50 anos, a mortalidade por essa patologia permanece alta. Dieta e infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori são hoje os dois fatores mais correlacionados com a etiologia dessa neoplasia. A dieta reveste-se de importância devido conter tanto fatores de risco, como sal e defumados, como fatores de proteção, como os alimentos cítricos e vegetais crus. Este estudo, de 113 portadores de câncer gastrico classificado, segundo Lauren, em difuso e intestinal limitou-se a analisar o consumo de alimentos regionais do nordeste brasileiro entre estes dois grupos. Utilizou-se questionário aberto, abrangendo recordatório dietético de 20 anos atrás e seis meses antes do inicio dos sintomas da doença. Concluiu-se que praticamente não houve diferenças de consumo entre os dois grupos, exceto a tapioca com coco, que mostrou maior consumo pelos individuos do grupo difuso. GED 19(6)225-232,2000