Incidence and treatment of malignant tumors of the genitourinary tract in renal transplant recipients

ABSTRACT Purpose: To provide data of the incidence and management of common urological malignancies in renal transplant recipients. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospective database from August 1967 to August 2015. A descriptive analysis of the sample was performed. Results: Among 1256 consecutive RTR a total of 88 patients developed malignancies (7%). There were 18 genitourinary tumors in the 16 patients (20.45 % of all malignant neoplasms), incidence of 1.27%. The most common neoplasm encounter was renal cancer (38.8%), followed by urothelial carcinoma (33.3%). Median follow-up of transplantation was 197 months (R, 36-336). Mean time from RT to cancer diagnosis 89±70 months (R, 12-276). CsA and AZA was the most common immunosuppression regimen in 68.75%. Mean follow-up after diagnosis was 103±72 months (R 10-215). Recurrence free survival rate of 100%. Overall survival of 89.5% of the sample; there were two non-related cancer deaths during follow-up. Conclusions: The incidence of neoplasms in RTR was lower than in other series, with favorable functional and oncologic results after treatment. This suggests that actions to reduce the risk of these malignancies as well as a strict follow-up are mandatory for an early detection and treatment.

Incidence of kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers in Korea: An update

The incidence of cancer is sharply increasing. Cancer is a leading cause of death as well as a significant burden on society. The incidence of urological cancer has shown a higher than average increase and will become an important concern in the future. Therefore, an overall and accurate understanding of the incidence of urological cancer is essential. In this study, which was based on the Korea National Cancer Incidence Database, annual incident cases, age-standardized incidence rates, annual percentage change (APC), and distribution by age group were examined in kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers, respectively. From 1999 to 2011, the total number of each type of urological cancer was as follows: kidney cancer (32,600 cases, 25.5%), bladder cancer (37,950 cases, 29.7%), and prostate cancer (57,332 cases, 44.8%). The age-standardized incidence rates of prostate cancer showed a significant increase with an APC of 12.3% in males. Kidney cancer gradually increased with an APC of 6.0% for both sexes and became the second most frequent urological cancer after 2008. Bladder cancer showed no significant change with an APC of -0.2% for both sexes and has decreased slightly since 2007. The distribution of kidney cancer according to age showed two peaks in the 50- to 54-year-old and 65- to 69-year-old age groups. Bladder and prostate cancers occurred mostly in the 70- to 74-year-old age group. The proportions of male to female were 2.5:1 in kidney cancer and 5.6:1 in bladder cancer. We have summarized the incidence trends of kidney, bladder, and prostate cancers and have provided useful information for screening and management of these cancers in the future.

Male Genitourinary Tumors : 14 Years Experience in Garhwal Region of India.

Genitourinary tumors may show varied clinical presentation and frequency in different regions of the world. The present study was therefore conducted to analyze the frequency, clinical presentation and the histopathological types of the various male genitourinary tumors diagnosed over a period of 14 years in a major teaching institute of north Himalayan region of India. Material and Methods: Retrospective study was undertaken in the Pathology department of the Institute which included all the cases of male genitourinary tumors which were diagnosed on histopathology from the time period between 1 Jan 1997 till 31st Dec. 2010. Results: The study showed that prostate was the most common site for male genitourinary tumors with prostatic adenocarcinoma as the most common histopathological type of tumor. Testicular Non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma constituted about 8% of total tumors in testes which mostly presented in elderly age group. Renal cell carcinoma (66.2%) was the most common tumor in kidney with much lower frequency of Wilm’s tumor (16.9%). Occasional rare tumors such as hemangioma of urinary bladder and schwannoma of penis were also seen over 14 years. Conclusion: The study concludes clinically patients were associated with more severe symptoms as they presented late to the hospital from the remote areas of this Himalayan region leading to late detection of tumors. Prostatic adenocarcinoma was the most common tumor while renal cell carcinoma was most common tumor in kidney. The present study provides valuable information to clinicians and pathologists regarding frequency, clinical presentation and histopathological types of male genitourinary tumors in this region which can be further used to formulate strategies for better management of these tumors.

Egresos hospitalarios por cáncer genitourinario en Chile: tercera parte / Hospital discharges because of genitourinary cancer: third part

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue actualizar el análisis de los egresos hospitalarios (EH) de cáncer genitourinario (CGU), específicamente cáncer de próstata, testículo, vejiga y riñón, en nuestro país. Para estos efectos se obtuvieron los datos del boletín de egresos hospitalarios del Ministerio de Salud (MINSAL) del año 2005, utilizándose los códigos de la clasificación internacional de enfermedades de la OMS (CIE-10). Los distintos diagnósticos fueron caracterizados según su composición geográfica y demográfica, comparándose con la información publicada en los reportes anteriores. La proporción de patología oncológica genitourinaria dentro de los egresos hospitalarios por patología genitourinaria ha experimentado un alza sostenida, correspondiendo 10,9 por ciento a cáncer de próstata, 4,28 por ciento a cáncer de testículo, 3,92 por ciento a cáncer de vejiga, y 2,2 por ciento a cáncer renal. El presente reporte constituye una aproximación a nuestro quehacer como urólogos en nuestro país, y al mismo tiempo grafica la necesidad de crear herramientas de registro epidemiológico más efectivas.

The aim of the study was to update the analysis of hospital discharges because of genitourinary cancer in our country. For these purposes, data were obtained from the registers of the Chilean Ministry of Health. Diseases were codified according to the WHO ICD-10 classification. Hospital discharges because of genitourinary cancer has shown a steady increase since 1993.According to the last register (2005), 10.9 percent corresponds to prostate cancer, 4.28 percent to testicular cancer,3.92 percent to bladder cancer and 2.2 percent to renal cell cancer. The present analysis is a rough estimation of our activity in urological oncology. However, more accurate epidemiological tools are needed.

Epidemiología de los cánceres urológicos en la Tercera Región de Atacama / Epidemiology of urological cancers in the Tercera Región de Atacama

Si se consideran todos los cánceres, el cáncer de próstata es el tumor maligno más frecuentemente diagnosticado en E.E.U.U., ocupando el segundo lugar entre las causas de muerte por cánceres en hombres, y el sexto lugar en la incidencia general de cánceres. En relación a las otras neoplasias génitourinarias, los registros internacionales de incidencia y mortalidad para cáncer de vejiga, renal, testicular y peneano son significativamente menores. En nuestro país no se conocen cifras de incidencia real de estas patologías, existiendo registros publicados sólo para algunas regiones y provincias de Chile. El propósito de esta investigación es determinar la magnitud de las tasas de incidencia anuales de estas neoplasias en la III Región de Atacama durante el período anual de septiembre de 2002 a agosto de 2003. Se observaron tasas de incidencia sorprendentemente altas para cáncer de próstata en comparación con otras regiones de Chile (58 x 100.000 hombres y un índice Swarop de 317,4 x 100.000 hombres mayores de 50 años). Para cáncer vesical, la tasa de incidencia fue de 9,40 x 100.000 habs. y 16,93 x 100.000 si consideramos sólo población masculina. La tasa de incidencia real para cáncer renal fue de 6,95 x 100.000 habs. con un índice Swarop de 35,25 x 100.000 habs. mayores de 50 años. En relación al cáncer testicular y de pene se obtuvieron tasas de incidencia de 7,25 x 100.000 hombres y 2,41 x 100.000 hombres, respectivamente. Además, se describen otros atributos y variables epidemiológicas como edad promedio, rangos de edad, tasas ajustadas por grupo etáreo y se esbozan ciertas apreciaciones en relación a eventuales factores de riesgo.

Indicios epidemiologicos sobre canceres del sistema genito-urinario en Mendoza / Epidemiological incidence on genito-urinary system neoplasms in Mendoza

Se ha realizado una descripcion de tipo epidemiologico sobre la frecuencia de aparicion de los tumores malignos correspondientes al sistema genito-urinario en Mendoza. Para ello se ha recurrido a los datos reunidos en el Departamento de Epidemiologia y Bioestadistica de la Provincia. Los datos corresponden a los egresos de todos los hospitales estatales en el periodo 1991-1994

Tumours of the male urogenital tract: a clinicopathologic study.

The present communication deals with the study of 388 tumours of the male urogenital tract diagnosed histopathologically during the period of 1984 to 1990. Of these 12 (3.09%) were benign and the rest 376 (96.91%) malignant. The incidence of malignant growths of male urogenital tract was 8.71% of all the malignancies or 14.19% of all cancers in males. Renal tumours constituted 10.64% of all the malignant tumours of male urogenital tract or 1.51% of all the male cancers. Morphological variants were renal cell carcinoma (37.5%), Wilms' tumour (47.5%), transitional cell carcinoma (7.5%), papillary cystic adenocarcinoma (3.5%), leiomyosarcoma (2.5%), metastatic from thyroid (2.5%). The mean age of the cases for renal cell carcinoma was 50.3 years and for Wilms' tumour 3.5 years. Urinary bladder cancer comprised 29.52% of all the malignancies of male urogenital tract or 4.19% of all malignant growths in males. The average age of the patients was 53.9 years. Transitional cell carcinoma was the commonest type of tumour (91.9%). Primary malignant tumours of the testis constituted 0.95% of all the malignancies, 1.55% of all male cancers, 10.9% of all malignancies of male urogenital tract or 18.3% of all the malignant growths of male genital tract. The mean age of the patients was 40.6 years. Seminoma was the commonest -46.34% of all the testicular tumours. The incidence of prostatic cancer was 1.81% of all cancers, 2.95% of all malignancies in males or 20.74% of all malignancies of male urogenital tract or 34.82% of malignancies of male genital tract.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Incidence estimation of genitourinary cancer in Korea

A nation-wide study was performed to estimate the incidence of bladder, kidney, renal pelvis and ureter, prostate, testicular and other genitourinary cancer among Koreans in Korea using medical records of the inpatients of the beneficiaries of the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation (KMIC) from Jan. 1, 1989 to Dec. 31, 1989. The crude incidence rate of bladder cancer (ICD-9 188) is estimated to be 4.43 and 0.98 per 100,000 in males and females, respectively. Around 1,093 new cases of bladder cancer (895 male and 198 female) are estimated to occur in a year. The adjusted rate for the world population is 7.76 in males and 1.19 in females which is similar to that of Japanese in Osaka and Chinese in Shanghai, but lower than in American whites and blacks. The crude incidence of kidney, renal pelvis and ureteral cancer (ICD-9 189) is estimated to be 1.61 and 0.87 in males and females, respectively. Around 507 new cases of kidney, renal pelvis and ureteral cancer (332 male and 175 female) are estimated to occur in a year. The adjusted rate for the world population is 2.69 in males and 1.04 in females. In the prostate (ICD-9 185), the crude incidence rate of cancer is estimated to be 1.36. Around 274 new cases of prostate cancer are occurring in a year. The adjusted rate for the world population is 2.98 which is similar to the Chinese rate. The incidence of genitourinary cancer continuously increases with age.

Incidencia del cáncer urogenital en el Servicio de Urología: estudio estadístico de 2 quinquenios (de 1976 a 1985) / Incidence of urogenital cancer in the Departament of Urology: statistical study of 2 quinquenials (1976-1985)

Se hace un análisis de los ingresos por cáncer en el Servicio de Urología durante 2 quinquenios (de 1976 a 1985) y se informa la tasa por 1 000 habitantes. Se señala que el cáncer prostático fue el de mayor incidencia y que el 5,5 de los pacientes que ingresaron en ese período padecieron de cáncer