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1.
J. appl. oral sci ; 27: e20180641, 2019. tab, graf
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1012519

RESUMEN

Abstract Objectives: Infection, inflammation and bone resorption are closely related events in apical periodontitis development. Therefore, we sought to investigate the role of cyclooxygenase (COX) in osteoclastogenesis and bone metabolism signaling in periapical bone tissue after bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inoculation into root canals. Methodology: Seventy two C57BL/6 mice had the root canals of the first molars inoculated with a solution containing LPS from E. coli (1.0 mg/mL) and received selective (celecoxib) or non-selective (indomethacin) COX-2 inhibitor. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 days the animals were euthanized and the tissues removed for total RNA extraction. Evaluation of gene expression was performed by qRT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by post-tests (α=0.05). Results: LPS induced expression of mRNA for COX-2 (Ptgs2) and PGE2 receptors (Ptger1, Ptger3 and Ptger4), indicating that cyclooxygenase is involved in periapical response to LPS. A signaling that favours bone resorption was observed because Tnfsf11 (RANKL), Vegfa, Ctsk, Mmp9, Cd36, Icam, Vcam1, Nfkb1 and Sox9 were upregulated in response to LPS. Indomethacin and celecoxib differentially modulated expression of osteoclastogenic and other bone metabolism genes: celecoxib downregulated Igf1r, Ctsk, Mmp9, Cd36, Icam1, Nfkb1, Smad3, Sox9, Csf3, Vcam1 and Itga3 whereas indomethacin inhibited Tgfbr1, Igf1r, Ctsk, Mmp9, Sox9, Cd36 and Icam1. Conclusions: We demonstrated that gene expression for COX-2 and PGE2 receptors was upregulated after LPS inoculation into the root canals. Additionally, early administration of indomethacin and celecoxib (NSAIDs) inhibited osteoclastogenic signaling. The relevance of the cyclooxygenase pathway in apical periodontitis was shown by a wide modulation in the expression of genes involved in both bone catabolism and anabolism.


Asunto(s)
Animales , Masculino , Osteogénesis/fisiología , Tejido Periapical/efectos de los fármacos , Tejido Periapical/metabolismo , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Inhibidores de la Ciclooxigenasa/farmacología , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas/fisiología , Cavidad Pulpar/metabolismo , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Factores de Tiempo , Resorción Ósea/metabolismo , Expresión Génica , Regulación hacia Arriba , Antiinflamatorios no Esteroideos/farmacología , Indometacina/farmacología , Lipopolisacáridos/análisis , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas/análisis , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas/efectos de los fármacos , Receptores de Prostaglandina E/análisis , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Ciclooxigenasa 2/análisis , Celecoxib/farmacología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 32(11): 1345-52, Nov. 1999.
Artículo en Inglés | LILACS | ID: lil-248428

RESUMEN

Cardiac surgery involving ischemic arrest and extracorporeal circulation is often associated with alterations in vascular reactivity and permeability due to changes in the expression and activity of isoforms of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase. These inflammatory changes may manifest as systemic hypotension, coronary spasm or contraction, myocardial failure, and dysfunction of the lungs, gut, brain and other organs. In addition, endothelial dysfunction may increase the occurrence of late cardiac events such as graft thrombosis and myocardial infarction. These vascular changes may lead to increased mortality and morbidity and markedly lengthen the time of hospitalization and cost of cardiac surgery. Developing a better understanding of the vascular changes operating through nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase may improve the care and help decrease the cost of cardiovascular operations.


Asunto(s)
Puente Cardiopulmonar , Vasos Coronarios/fisiopatología , Paro Cardíaco Inducido , Isquemia Miocárdica , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa/fisiología , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas/fisiología , Permeabilidad Capilar , Endotelio/patología , Músculo Liso
3.
4.
Rev. chil. neuro-psiquiatr ; 26(2): 142-52, abr.-jun. 1988. ilus
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-56359

RESUMEN

Los eicosanoides son derivados de ácidos grasos esenciales poliinsaturados de 20 átomos de carbono que afectan prácticamente todas las funciones biológicas. Se ha propuesto un rol modulador a nivel del sistema nervioso central para ellos. La presente revisión se refiere al posible rol central de los eicosanoides, productos de dos vías biosintéticas: la ciclooxigenasas y las lipooxigenasas, así como el rol de agentes terapéuticos que actúan sobre ellos. Se analiza su efecto sobre la circulación cerebrovascular y su acción neuromoduladora, que afecta la función hipotalámica, el umbral convulsivante y la nocicepción, entre ellos. Claramente durante los últimos años el descubrimiento del tromboxano, prostaciclina y leucotrienos ha desviado el interés de las prostaglandinas primarias (PGE y PGF) en busca de acciones fisiológicas mas específicas


Asunto(s)
Humanos , Ácidos Araquidónicos/biosíntesis , Ácidos Eicosanoicos/metabolismo , Circulación Cerebrovascular , Prostaglandina-Endoperóxido Sintasas/fisiología , Cerebro/metabolismo , Inhibidores Enzimáticos , Epoprostenol , Leucotrieno B4 , Tromboxanos
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