Comparative hepatorenal toxicity of some commonly used chemical environmental polutants

The major source of environmental contamination by pesticides is the deposits resulting from application of these chemicals to control pests. Daily oral administration of dose level of 1/20 LD50 of thallium sulfate as a rodenticide, permethrin as an insecticide and fluometuron as herbicide were give to three groups of adult male rats to study the harmful hazard effect of these perticide on the livers and kidneys of rats for three-month period and the results were compared with a control group. The results showed that there was a marked increase in SGPT in response to thallium sulfate and permethrin, while fluometuron induced a reduction in its level. Bilirubin was increased in all groups. On the other hand, there was very highly significant in the content of blood urea and serum creatinine. From these aforementioned results it was concluded that all these test compounds have potential harmful effects on both liver and kidney of rats

in-vivo and in-vitro inhibition of serum aminotransferases by anticholinesterase insecticides in rats

In the present study, rats were chronically treated with increasing oral dose of either carbaryl, malathion or methyl parathion for 36 days. The activity of aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT] in the serum were determined on the 21st and 36th days of treatment. For in vitro study, the activity of both AST and ALT were determined in the absence and presence of different concentrations of the test compounds. The in-vivo study showed the potential enzyme inhibition by the organophosphates, while the carbamate was less potent. The results of the in vitro study indicated a linear, dose dependent inhibition of both AST and ALT by the tested insecticides with the same rank order of potency as in the in-vivo study. The aminotransferase inhibition is a probable mechanism for toxicity on chronic exposure to these anticholinesterose insecticides