Effect of anogeissus leiocarpus leaf extract on blood glucose level in rats

The effect of the methanolic leaf extract of Anogeissus leiocarpus was studied in normal wister albino rats pretreated with a loading dose of glucose to explore its hypoglycaemic activity. Significant hypoglycemic effect was observed [P< 0.05] at a dose of 100 mg/kg B.W. 2 hours following treatment. At a dose of 200mg/Kg B.W. the plant extract showed no significant change in blood glucose level, while at a dose of 400mg/kg B.W. there was hyperglycemic effect 2 and 4 hours following/after treatment

influence of some veterinary drug residues on the quality of buffalo's milk yoghurt

The effect of the technological steps during yoghurt manufacture and storage period up to 28 days from buffalo's milk was spiked with some veterinary residues namely ciprofloxacin, ivermectin and triclabendazole to study the behaviour of these residues. The resultant yoghurt was analyzed for titrable acidity [T.A.], total protein, total volatile fatty acids [T.V.F.A.], acetaldehyde content and colony count of lactic acid bacteria [L.A.B.], when fresh and throughout the storage period at 6 C +/- 2. The results revealed that the aforementioned drug residues concentrations were not affected during yoghurt manufacture and storage. In the presence of ciprofloxacin residues their was no effect on the yoghurt chemical parameters but the lactic acid bacterial count was decreased. On the other side the presence of ivermectine and triclabendazole affected the chemical quality parameters but not affected the lactic acid bacterial count Therefore, we recommend to monitor the veterinary drug residues in the dairy products to achieve a safe food

Using the job characteristics model to compare patient care assignment methods of nurses

The aim of this study was to use Hackman and Oldman's job characteristics model to compare 2 methods of patient care assignment as perceived by nurses in 12 inpatient units of Alexandria Main University Hospital. The job diagnostic survey was used to determine nurses' perceptions toward the components of the model in relation to their performance in utilizing the case and functional methods of patient care assignment. The jobs of intensive care unit nurses who utilized the case method were more enriched than those who utilized the functional method of assignment in the general care units, in terms of their perception scores towards all parts of the model [core job characteristics, critical psychological states, affective and personal outcomes, context satisfaction and individual growth-need strength]

Role of cytomegalovirus in inducing congenital anomalies

Sixty eight infants and newborns were included in the present study being consisted of 55 cases with congenital anomalies and 13 cases of apparently healthy infants acting as controls. Three types of congenital anomaly cases were studied; 17 cases of microcephaly, 17 cases of cerebral palsy and 21 cases with jaundice. All serum samples were tested for cytomegalovirus 1gM antibodies [CMV IgM] by microassay ELISA technique to explore the role of CMV infection in inducing congenital anomalies. Six out of the 68 serum samples were found to be positive for CMV IgM. Four of them were detected among the congenital cases [5 out of 55; 7.3%], while 2 cases were among the controls [2 out of 13; 15.4%]. The microcephalic group showed 5.9% positivity [one out of 17]. The jaundiced infants showed 14.3% positivity [3 out of 21], while all the cerebral palsy cases were negative for CMV IgM. Such a high percentage of CMV IgM in the control group may be attributed to asymptomatic infection, with liability for long term sequelae, particularly hearing loss or ocular abnormalities by 2 years of age. So, continuous follow-up of such asymptomatic cases is essential to control any possible congenital abnormality as early as possible

Incidence of nasal carriers of staphylococcus aureus in and outside hospital environment and antibiotic sensitivity of isolated staphylococcus strains

This study was carried out on 100 nasal swabs collected from medical personnel [nurses and doctors] and patients inside hospital environment and also from 50 individuals outside hospital. The swabs were inoculated on different culture media for isolation of staphylococci which were further identified as S. aureus either by classic bacteriologic methods or by one of rapid screening test of S. aureus. The isolated strains were tested for antibiotic sensitivity to some of B-Lactam antibiotics and to other antibiotics. The results showed that significantly higher percentage of coagulase + ve Staph. were isolated from newborn nursery [90%], operating theatre [71.4%] and hemodialysis unit [60%] than those isolated from intensive care unit, cancer chemotherapy, surgery, chest, internal medicine departments [25%, 26.6%, 31.2%, 33.3%, 50%] respectively. It also showed significant difference in isolation rate between persons at the hospital [patients, doctors and nurses] 44% and controls [normal population] 26%. Most isolates of coagulase + ve Staph. were resistant to penicillin G [93.2%], Streptomycin [77.3%], tetracyclin [61.4%] and sensitive to cefamandole [95.4%]. All coagulase + vs Staph. isolates were resistant to sulphonamide and methicillin and all sensitive to vancomycin

Vaginal bromocryptine: an alternative route of therapy for management of patients intolerant to oral bromocryptine therapy

Treatment of hyperprolactinemia with oral bromocryptine has been associated with a high incidence of side effects. The vaginal route of administration may be an effective and safe alternative to oral bromocryptine. 24 hyperprolactinemic and 12 puerperal women were treated by either orally administered bromocryptine [5-7.5 mg] or by daily vaginal administration of 2.5-5 mg tablet of bromocryptine. Serum prolactin showed more or less similar rate of decline by both routes of therapy. Gastrointestinal side effects were absent in vaginal bromocryptine group as compared to troubling symptoms of nausea [55.5%] vomiting [33.3%] in the oral bromocryptine group requiring discontinuation of therapy in 16.6% of cases. Only 1 patient developed vaginal burning and discharge but no macroscopic lesions were evident in either cervix or vagina. This suggests that vaginal bromocryptine could be safe and effective alternative to oral bromocryptine in patients intolerant to the oral form of therapy