Enhancement of gut permeation of amoxicillin with Nigella sativa seed extract and its phytochemical screening / 中国天然药物

The seeds of Nigella sativa Linn. (Ranunculaceae), commonly known as Black cumin, are predominantly used as carminative, antispasmodic, and stimulant. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of N. sativa seed extract on the permeation of co-infused amoxicillin across the gut wall. The methanolic extract of N. sativa improved intestinal permeability of amoxicillin in in-vitro experiments in a dose-dependent manner. Two new glycosides, decanyl nigelloic acid diglucoside [n-decanyl-3-aldehydic-4-methoxy-5-hydroxy benzoate-5-β-D-glucofuranosyl (2→1)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2→1)-β-D-glucopyranoside]] and nigelabdienoyl triglucoside [homo-labd-5, 9(11)-dien-16-onyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl (2→1)-β-D-glucopyranosyl (2→1)-β-D-glucopyranoside], along with seven known fatty acid glycerides/esters, were isolated from the gut permeation enhancing extract. The structures of these new glycosides were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses.

Enhancement of gut permeation of amoxicillin with Nigella sativa seed extract and its phytochemical screening / 中国天然药物

The seeds of Nigella sativa Linn. (Ranunculaceae), commonly known as Black cumin, are predominantly used as carminative, antispasmodic, and stimulant. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of N. sativa seed extract on the permeation of co-infused amoxicillin across the gut wall. The methanolic extract of N. sativa improved intestinal permeability of amoxicillin in in-vitro experiments in a dose-dependent manner. Two new glycosides, decanyl nigelloic acid diglucoside [n-decanyl-3-aldehydic-4-methoxy-5-hydroxy benzoate-5-β-D-glucofuranosyl (2→1)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(2→1)-β-D-glucopyranoside]] and nigelabdienoyl triglucoside [homo-labd-5, 9(11)-dien-16-onyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl (2→1)-β-D-glucopyranosyl (2→1)-β-D-glucopyranoside], along with seven known fatty acid glycerides/esters, were isolated from the gut permeation enhancing extract. The structures of these new glycosides were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analyses.

Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review

Nowadays, use of alternative and complementary therapies with mainstream medicine has gained the momentum. Aromatherapy is one of the complementary therapies which use essential oils as the major therapeutic agents to treat several diseases. The essential or volatile oils are extracted from the flowers, barks, stem, leaves, roots, fruits and other parts of the plant by various methods. It came into existence after the scientists deciphered the antiseptic and skin permeability properties of essential oils. Inhalation, local application and baths are the major methods used in aromatherapy that utilize these oils to penetrate the human skin surface with marked aura. Once the oils are in the system, they remodulate themselves and work in a friendly manner at the site of malfunction or at the affected area. This type of therapy utilizes various permutation and combinations to get relief from numerous ailments like depression, indigestion, headache, insomnia, muscular pain, respiratory problems, skin ailments, swollen joints, urine associated complications etc. The essential oils are found to be more beneficial when other aspects of life and diet are given due consideration. This review explores the information available in the literature regarding therapeutic, medical, cosmetic, psychological, olfactory, massage aromatherapy, safety issues and different plants used in aromatherapy. All the available information was compiled from electronic databases such as Academic Journals, Ethnobotany, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and library search.

Frameless stereotactic biopsy of intracranial lesions: evaluation of efficacy and complications

Objective: Frameless stereotactic biopsy has been shown in multiple studies to be a safe and effective procedure for the diagnosis of brain lesion. In this study the authors will evaluate the safety of the procedure and associated complications including neurological deficits in our set up of developing countries

Methods: Forty two patients with different brain lesions were biopsied using frameless stereotactic procedure between the periods of March 2009 - March 2014 for the assessment of diagnostic yield and related complications

Results: During the study period, forty two patients were biopsied for the evaluation of the complications related to the biopsy site. Neurological decline occurred in 1 patient. A higher number of needle passes was associated the presence of a postoperative hematoma. Infection occurred in one patient and overall diagnostic yield was 95%

Conclusion: Frameless stereotactic biopsy is a safe and effective method of tissue diagnosis for small lesions located in the eloquent and non-eloquent region of brain. With careful planning, frameless biopsy remains a valuable and safer tool for diagnosis of brain lesion, independent of the location of these lesions

Anxiolytic potential of ursolic acid derivative--a stearoyl glucoside isolated from Lantana camara L. (Verbanaceae)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the anxiolytic activity of newly isolated compound by our lab called ursolic acid stearoyl glucoside (UASG) from the leaves of Lantana camara (L. camara).@*METHODS@#Column chromatography was used to isolate UASG. Anxiolytic potential was experimentally proved and demonstrated through Elevated plus-maze, Open field and light and dark test.@*RESULTS@#The UASG showed marked increased in time spent (%) and number of frequent movements made by animals in open arm of elevated plus-maze apparatus. In light and dark model, UASG produced marked increase in time spent by animal, number of crossing and reduced duration of immobility in light box.@*CONCLUSIONS@#UASG showed significant increase in number of rearing, assisted rearing and number of square crossed in open field established test model. UASG showed its anxiolytic effect in dose dependent manner.

Lateral internal anal sphincterotomy for anal fissure: with or without associated anorectal procedures

To confirm or refute the validity of the fear associated with anal sphincterotomy for anal fissure, particularly when performed with other anorectal procedures. Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Surgical Wings - Medicare Hospital and Fatima Medical Center, Multan, over a period of 8 years from January 1994 to December 2001. Subjects and Records of 112 anal fissure patients, 46 [41.0%] males and 66 [58.9%] females, ranging in age from 12-95 years [mean 39] were studied. All patients with acute or chronic anal fissures with or without other anorectal pathologies were included. Seventeen patients who had anal dilatation and 2 recurrent fissures were excluded. 'Open' technique of anal sphincterotomy was employed in all cases. Results were recorded and analyzed. Fissures were acute in 16 [14.2%] and chronic in 96 [85.7%] patients. Anterior fissure was present in 20 [17.8%], posterior in 80 [71.4%], both in 9 [8.0%] and lateral or multiple fissures in 3 [2.6%] cases. Commonest associated pathology was haemorrhoids; encountered in 64 [57.1%] patients. Minor complications, taken together, occurred in 20 [17.8%] patients. Urinary retention was seen in 3 [2.6%] with lateral internal anal sphincterotomy [LIAS], and in 6 [5.3%] where haemorrhoidectomy was added. Haemorrhage in 2 [1.7%], temporary loss of flatus control in 3[2.6%] and soiling of clothes in 2 [1.7%] patients was encountered. No permanent loss of flatus or faecal control and recurrence has been reported to-date. Anal sphincterotomy with or without other anorectal procedures can be safely practiced in properly selected patients. Postoperatively, ablution with mild antiseptic added to plain water is adequate in maintaining hygiene to promote healing

Vascular trauma to the extremities: the emergency practice

To get good results by vascular repair after vascular injury to extremities, when patient is transferred to hospital within eight hours. Design: 52 patients were studied prospectively after vascular trauma, admitted in the emergency unit of Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Setting: Emergency Unit, Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Subjects. Fifty two patients admitted in emergency unit of Nishtar Hospital, Multan after vascular injury. Main Outcome Measures: Vascular trauma, transportation time, repair. Fifty two patients were admitted after vascular trauma. 38 were male and 14 female. Main mechanism of injury was road traffic accidents [30.76%], firearm injury [20.92%], mechanical trauma. [19.23%], only 3.85% of patients reached within 4 hours and 34.61% reached within 4-8 hours. Operations were done as early as possible after admission. Conclusions: Good results can be obtained when the patient is transported to the hospital and is dealt with within eight hours after vascular injury. Amputation rate rises when the repair is done after eight hours

Omental grafting in fore arm

A 45 years old female patient was admitted with extensive fore arm injury after a road side accident. There was loss of skin and muscles of the flexor compartment. Most of the flexor muscles were lost leaving the bones necked. Only a few muscles were left in the extensor compartment but the skin was totally lost. The skin on the dorsum of the hand was also lost. The remaining tendons were left necked. The finger tips were pale and cold. After 48 hours the finger rips became black. The greater omentum was mobilised through a mini lap to cover the extensive raw area to provide coverage to the bones and tendons and to bring nutrition to the ischaemic hand