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In order to stimulate the patients' active participation in the process of robot-assisted rehabilitation training of stroke patients, the rehabilitation robots should provide assistant torque to patients according to their rehabilitation needs. This paper proposed an assist-as-needed control strategy for wrist rehabilitation robots. Firstly, the ability evaluation rules were formulated and the patient's ability was evaluated according to the rules. Then the controller was designed. Based on the evaluation results, the controller can calculate the assistant torque needed by the patient to complete the rehabilitation training task and send commands to motor. Finally, the motor is controlled to output the commanded value, which assists the patient to complete the rehabilitation training task. The control strategy was implemented to the wrist function rehabilitation robot, which could achieve the training effect of assist-as-needed and could avoid the surge of assistance torque. In addition, therapists can adjust multiple parameters in the ability evaluation rules online to customize the difficulty of tasks for patients with different rehabilitation status. The method proposed in this paper does not rely on the information from force sensor, which reduces development costs and is easy to implement.
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Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology enable humans to interact with external devices by decoding their brain signals. Despite it has made some significant breakthroughs in recent years, there are still many obstacles in its applications and extensions. The current used BCI control signals are generally derived from the brain areas involved in primary sensory- or motor-related processing. However, these signals only reflect a limited range of limb movement intention. Therefore, additional sources of brain signals for controlling BCI systems need to be explored. Brain signals derived from the cognitive brain areas are more intuitive and effective. These signals can be used for expand the brain signal sources as a new approach. This paper reviewed the research status of cognitive BCI based on the single brain area and multiple hybrid brain areas, and summarized its applications in the rehabilitation medicine. It's believed that cognitive BCI technologies would become a possible breakthrough for future BCI rehabilitation applications.
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Objective To preliminarily explore the application of terahertz spectroscopy in the early detection of lung cancer by comparing the differences among lung cancer tissues,paracancerous tissues,and normal lung tissues with terahertz spectroscopy and screen the suitable terahertz frequency for specific diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods Thirty groups of lung tissue samples from non-small cell lung cancer patients at stage of Ⅰ to Ⅲ A were collected,and each group contained lung cancer tissue,paracancerous tissues,and normal lung tissue from the same patient.These lung cancer specimens included 17 cases of adenocarcinoma,10 cases of squamous cell carcinoma,2 cases of large cell lung cancer,and 1 case of sarcomatoid carcinoma.Terahertz spectroscopy from 0.2 THz to 2.0 THz was used to detect these tissue samples,and the absorption coefficient was compared.Results ① The absorption coefficient was significantly higher in the lung cancer tissues than the normal lung tissues.② Terahertz spectroscopy at a frequency of 0.8 to 1.4 THz may have the specific diagnostic value of lung cancer.Conclusion Since the absorption rate is higher in the lung cancer than the normal lung tissue,which is suggested that terahertz spectroscopy may be regarded as a novel non-invasive diagnostic approach for lung cancer.The specific diagnostic value of the terahertz frequency may be 1.4-2.0 THz for lung cancer.
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OBJECTIVE:To observe the characteristics and influential factors of aderverse drug reactionl(ADR)induced by Re-duning injection. METHODS:The clinical information of pediatric patients receiving Reduning injection were collected from pediatric department of our hospital during Nov. 2014-Oct. 2015. Using ADR as outcome indicators,case control in the queue design was con-ducted. The influential factors of ADR induced by Reduning injection were analyzed by using binary univariate and multivariate Logis-tic regression analysis,Cox regression fitted 1∶3 matching Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS:Of 9 187 cases,the average age of children was(4.21±2.63)year-old;there were 23 ADR cases,with the incidence of 0.25%. There were 21 cases of rash(9 cas-es of combined pruritus)and 2 severe ADR cases(including 1 case of twitching limbs,blue complexion,peripheral cold,high fe-ver,leg pain and 1 case of limbs cold and high fever);23 cases of ADR symptoms finally disappeared after treated. Based on drug dose and usage of low concentrations and low drip rate in our hospital,regression analysis showed that age,sex,drug dose,solvent amount,concentration,drip rate,source of children,drug combination,the group number of daily continuous intravenous infusion, infusion order,the days of continuous medication and other factors were not statistically significant (P>0.05);the incidence of ADR induced by Reduning injection was 0.11% in the group of 1-3 years old children and was 0.31% in the group of 3-16 years old children. There was no statistical significance between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The reasons for ADR induced by Re-duning injection might be the drug itself,the wrong methods,etc. Reasonable drug dosage,low concentration,low drip rate,using sophisticated filters infusion device and changing infusion device while dressing can reduce the occurrence of ADR.
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OBJECTIVE:To systematic review the relationship between CYP4F2 gene polymorphism and warfarin maintenance dose in Chinese population,and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from Cochrane library,PubMed,EMBase,CJFD,VIP and Wanfang database,studies about the relationship between CYP4F2 gene polymorphism and warfarin maintenance dose in Chinese population were collected,and Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.0 statis-tics software. RESULTS:A total of 13 studies were included,involving 2 958 patients. The type of gene was type TT,type CT and type CC. Results of Meta-analysis showed the relationship between 3 gene polymorphism and warfarin maintenance dose was type TT>type CT>type CC,and there were significant differences among groups. CONCLUSIONS:CYP4F2 gene polymorphism in Chinese population has significant correlation with warfarin maintenance dose. However,due to the limit of methodological quali-ty,large-scale and high quality studies are required for further validation of the conclusions.