The effects of mechanical loading on high-fat induced obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease / 天津医药

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of mechanical loading on obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methods Thirty 6-week-old female C57BL/6 mice (body weight 18 g) were randomly assigned into three groups: normal control group (NC group, n=10), high-fat diet group (HF group, n=10) and high-fat diet with mechanical loading treatment group (HF+L group, n=10). All mice except for NC group were fed with high-fat diet for 12 weeks. After 6 weeks of high-fat diet, mice of HF+L group received 6-week mechanical loading. The whole body composition was analyzed to detect the total body fat content. The mesenteric fat, perirenal fat, inguinal fat, periuterine fat and the liver were collected and weighed. A portion of the liver sample was isolated for histological analysis (Oil red O staining and HE staining) to observe pathologic changes, while the other was used for Western blot assay to detect the expression of eIF2α, p-eIF2α and ATF4, which were the marker proteins of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Results Compared with the NC group, high-fat diet resulted in a significant increase in body weight and body fat (P＜0.05). After mechanical loading treatment, the body weight and body fat were significantly decreased in the HF+L group compared with those of HF group (P＜0.05). Hepatic histological analysis showed that high-fat diet induced hepatic steatosis, which was effectively alleviated by mechanical loading treatment (P＜0.05). Western blot analysis indicated that high-fat diet led to higher expression levels of p-eIF2α and ATF4 in liver, and mechanical loading was effective in inhibiting the increased expressions of p-eIF2α and ATF4. Conclusion Mechanical loading can effectively alleviate obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease caused by high-fat diet, and its effects may be associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver.

The Analysis of Missed Diagnosis and Misdiagnosis in the First Imaging Diagnosis of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To improve the detection accuracy of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) in the first imaging examination and to guide the treatment and improve the outcome. Methods Imagings of 17 CVT cases were retrospectively analyzed and the missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis reasons were summarized. Results All the 17 cases were taken CT examination. 7 cases were missed diagnosed and misdiagnosed. 2 of 7 cases were diagnosed as subarachnoid hemorrhage. 1 of 7 cases was diagnosed as the left occipital subacute subdural hematoma. 1 of 7 cases was diagnosed as the right frontal and parietal and occipital lobes cerebral hemorrhage. 1 of 7 cases was diagnosed as the left parietal and occipital lobes cerebral hemorrhage and broken into ventricles. 2 of 7 cases were diagnosed as negative. Conclusion To summerize the reasons of missed diagnosis and misdiag aosis of CVT can improve the detection accuracy in the first imaging examination.

Pathogenesis of diabetic cognitive dysfunction and intervention by traditional Chinese medicine / 中国药理学通报

Diabetic cognitive dysfunction (DCD) is a common chronic complication of diabetes mellitus with sophisticated path-ogenesis which has not yet been fully elucidated. In this review paper, the mechanisms of metabolic abnormalities, insulin re-sistance,endoplasmic reticulum stress,neuronal calcium dysho-meostasis, in ammation, blood brain barrier impairment, and mitochondrial injury associated with DCD are reviewed. In addi-tion,the prevention and treatment of DCD by traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and the effective compounds are comprehen-sively summarized, in order to provide an updated overview on the DCD pathogenesis,as well as the scientific evidence under-pinning the use of TCM interventions for the treatment and pre-vention of DCD.

Combined injection of pingyangmycin & dexamethasone for the treatment of maxillofacial and cervical venous malformations / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic effect of combined injection of pingyangmycin (PYM) & dexame thasone (DXM) for the treatment of maxillofacial and cervical venous malformations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From August 1995 to October 2008, 116 cases with maxillofacial and cervical venous malformations were retrospectively analyzed. The injection dilute was made with PYM 8 mg, DXM 10 mg and 2% lidocaine 2.0 ml (PYM 2 mg/ml). The PYM diluent 1.0-4.0 ml (including the PYM 2-8 mg) was injected into the tumor according to the patients age, tumor size and location. For children, PYM 2-4 mg was injected for one treatment. The needle should be inserted into tumor perpendicularly or from the edge of tumor. After withdrawing blood, the drug was injected into the tumor slowly. The injection could be repeated every 7-10 days. The clinical signs were recorded; ultrasonography and chest X-ray were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1-5 treatments of injection were performed in the 116 patients. The tumor shrinked and disappeared after treatment with PYM 2-40 mg and DXM 5-50 mg. The patients were followed up for 3-5 years with no occurrence and complication.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It's safe, effective and practical to treat maxillofacial and cervical venous malformations by combined injection of PYM and DXM. The cosmetic appearance and function can be preserved at the most.</p>

The effect of acute hypervolemic hemodilution on the accuracy of target-controlled infusion propofol / 医学研究生学报

Objective:To evaluate the effect of acute hypervolemic hemodilution on the accuracy of target-controlled infusion of propofol.Methods:Sixteen ASAⅠ~Ⅱpatients were randomly divided into(acute) hypervolemic hemodilution group(AHHD group,n=8) and control group(control group,n=8).Propofol was infused with target-controlled(Diprifusor-TCI) system.Arterial blood sample was taken for determination of plasma concentration measured by HPLC(Angilent 10 000).Predicted error(PE),median predicted error(MDPE) and median absolute prediction error(MADPE) were calculated.Results:There was remarkable initial overshoot in both groups.PE and absolute PE were(-5.46%) and(13.02%) in AHHD group and-29.32% and 40.84% in control group.The median value of MDPE and MDAPE were(-1.78%) and 19.40% in AHHD group and 28.66% and 42.37% in control group.Conclusion:TCI system with Marsh pharmacokinetic parameters had large difference in measured-predicted concentration.But the accuracy of the TCI system increased with AHHD.