PGE2 induz Transição Epitélio-Mesenquimal em célula de câncer colorretal / [PGE2 induces Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in colorectal cancer cell]

Na carcinogênese do câncer colorretal (CCR), a inflamação possui um papel relevante e aparece como um dos principais fatores de risco, contribuindo nas etapas iniciais do desenvolvimento tumoral e no processo metastático. A expressão aumentada da COX-2 em adenocarcinomas de cólon também está associada ao processo inflamatório no tumor, e nesse contexto, a prostaglandina E2 (PGE2), principal produto gerado pela enzima, é considerada um potente indutor da progressão tumoral. O potencial metastático das células tumorais pode ser induzido, entre outros mecanismos, por ativação do programa de transição epitélio mesenquimal (TEM), na qual as células adquirem um fenótipo mais indiferenciado (mesenquimal) com perda dos contatos intercelulares e aquisição de capacidades migratórias e invasivas. No entanto, se a PGE2 é capaz de induzir TEM, os mecanismos responsáveis por esta indução em CCR, ainda permanecem por serem esclarecidos. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar se a PGE2 é capaz de modular eventos relacionados com o desenvolvimento da TEM, tais como proliferação, migração e invasão. Para isso foram utilizadas 3 linhagens de câncer colorretal (Caco-2, HT-29 e HCT-116) as quais receberam tratamento com diferentes concentrações de PGE2. Após 48h de tratamento, vimos crescimento celular aumentado nas três linhagens estudadas, dentre elas HT-29 e HCT-116 tiveram crescimento significativamente maior do que as células não tratadas, no entanto, HT-29 demonstrou ser mais responsiva ao tratamento nas diferentes concentrações. Não identificamos alterações nas expressões de E-caderina, em HCT-116 ao longo do tratamento PGE2...

Inflammation process plays a relevant role in colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis, and appears as a major risk factor, contributing to the early stages of tumor development as well as in metastasis formation. Increased expression of COX-2 in colon adenocarcinomas is also associated with the inflammatory process in tumor, and in this context, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), the main product generated by the enzyme, is considered as a potent inducer of tumor progression. Metastatic potential of tumor cells can be induced, among other mechanisms, by activation of mesenchymal epithelial transition (TEM) program, which cells acquire more undifferentiated (mesenchymal) phenotype with loss of intercellular contacts and acquisition of migratory and invasive capacities. However, the role that PGE2 plays during the EMT in CRC is not completely understood. Therefore, the objective of this work was to analyze the role of PGE2-induced EMT activation such as proliferation, migration and invasion. For this, we used three CRC cell lines (Caco-2, HT-29 and HCT-116) which were treated with different concentrations of PGE2. After 48h of treatment, increased cell growth was observed in the three lines studied, among which HT-29 and HCT-116 had significantly higher growth than untreated cells, And HT-29 shown to be the most responsive to treatment at different concentrations. We did not identify changes in E-cadherin expression in HCT-116 over the PGE2 treatment. In contrast, in HT-29, PGE2 caused reduced protein expression and subcellular redistribution of epithelial proteins, E-cadherin and Claudine-3...

Nutritional status of patients submitted to transplantation of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells: a retrospective study

Objective: This study aimed to describe and compare the nutritional status of adult patients submitted to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation at two different time points (admission and discharge). Methods: A retrospective, descriptive and quantitative study was performed based on clinical, laboratory and nutritional data obtained from medical records of adult patients of both genders submitted to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a bone marrow transplantation reference center in Rio de Janeiro in the period from 2010 to 2013. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS software (version 22.0). Results: Sixty-four patients were evaluated. The mean age was 42.1 ± 3.2 years and the most prevalent disease was acute myeloid leukemia (39%). There was a high prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea (100%), vomiting (97%) and mucositis (93%). Between admission and discharge there was a significant decrease in the median weight (−2.5 kg; 71.5 vs. 68.75 kg; p-value < 0.001), body mass index (−0.9kg/m2; 24.8 vs. 24.4kg/m2; p-value < 0.001), and serum albumin levels (−0.2g/dL; 3.7 vs. 3.6g/dL; p-value = 0.024). The survival time after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation correlated negatively with C-reactive protein at discharge (CC = −0.72; p-value < 0.001) and positively with serum albumin levels (CC = 0.56; p-value = 0.004) and with high total protein level at discharge (CC = 0.53; p-value = 0.006). Conclusion: Our results suggest that patients submitted to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have compromised nutritional status during the hospital stay for transplantation...