Cardiometabolic disease patterns among elderly patients with colorectal cancer in China / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To explore the distribution patterns of cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) in elderly patients with colorectal cancer, and provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular metabolic diseases in these patients. Methods: Clinical data of 3 894 elderly patients with colorectal cancer from January 2008 to March 2018 admitted in the Chinese PLA General Hospital were recruited and the incidence rate of CMD was retrospectively analyzed. The influence factors of elderly patients with colorectal cancer combined with CMD were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression model. Results: The morbidity rate of CMD in elderly patients with colorectal cancer is 33.4% (1 301/3 894), among them, the morbidity rate of the male was 31.9% (768/2 409), and that of the female was 35.9% (533/1 485). There was not significant difference between these two sex (P=0.074). The morbidity rates of CMD in patients of 65-74 years, 75-84 years and ≥85 years were 30.6% (754/2 462), 37.0% (479/1 294) and 49.3% (68/138), respectively, with significant differences (P<0.001). Multiple Logistic regression analysis revealed that female (OR=1.213, 95%CI: 1.056-1.394), age (75-84 years group: OR=1.344, 95%CI: 1.164-1.552; ≥85 years group: OR=2.345, 95%CI: 1.651-3.331) and body mass index (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2) group: OR=1.319, 95%CI: 1.065-1.638; ≥25 kg/m(2) group: OR=2.041, 95%CI: 1.627-2.561) were independent risk factors for elderly colorectal cancer patients with CMD. Conclusion: The morbidity rate of CMD in elderly patients with colorectal cancer increases with age and it is urgent to strengthen multidisciplinary cooperation and develop reasonable treatment plans to extend the survival and life quality of these patients.

Improving prescribing for older patients - 'Yes S-I-R-E!'

INTRODUCTION@#Polypharmacy and inappropriate prescribing are associated with negative health outcomes in the elderly. Several prescribing tools have been developed to assess medication appropriateness. Explicit (criteria-based) tools often do not take into account patients' preferences and comorbidities, and have little room for individualised clinical judgement.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in 243 elderly patients admitted to the Geriatric Medicine service in a Singapore tertiary hospital over one month. We incorporated an implicit (judgement-based) tool developed by Scott et al into a mnemonic, 'S-I-R-E', to assess medication appropriateness: S = symptoms ('Have symptoms resolved?'), I = indication ('Is there a valid indication?'), R = risks ('Do risks outweigh benefits?') and E = end of life ('Is there short life expectancy limiting clinical benefit?').@*RESULTS@#Inappropriate prescribing was present in 27.6% of patients. The most common reason for inappropriateness of medications was lack of valid indication (62.2%), followed by high risk-benefit ratio (20.7%). The most common medications that lacked valid indication were supplements and proton pump inhibitors. Polypharmacy was found in 93% of patients and was significantly associated with inappropriate prescribing (p = 0.047).@*CONCLUSION@#Inappropriate prescribing and polpharmacy are highly prevalent in the hospitalised elderly. The 'S-I-R-E' mnemonic can be used as a memory aid and practical framework to guide appropriate prescribing in the elderly.

Carotid atherosclerosis and contributing factors in a population at high risk of stroke / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To investigate the occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis in a population of permanent residents (age ≥40 years) at high risk of stroke in Xuejiadao Street,Huangdao District,Qingdao City,and to provide a scientific basis for reduction of carotid atherosclerosis in high-risk communities.Methods Using a cluster sampling method,10 007 permanent residents of age ≥40 years were enrolled in the study.Based on data from an early population screening project,1 478 subjects at high risk of carotid atherosclerosis and stroke were included for analysis.These study subjects were divided into a carotid atherosclerosis risk group and a normal group.General data were recorded,and the results of a physical examination and clinical and biochemical tests were used to analyze risk factors.Results Of 1 478 high-risk subjects aged (58.8± 9.7) years,726 had normal arteries.Of these,264 (36.36％) were males and 462 (63.64％)were females.Carotid atherosclerosis was identified in 752 cases aged (61.4± 9.5) years,with a detection rate of 50.88％.Of these,390 were males (51.86％) and 362 were females (48.14％).Univariate analysis showed that age,male sex,history of heart disease,diabetes,or hypertension,smoking,alcohol intake,waist circumference,and elevated homocysteine and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were positively correlated with carotid atherosclerosis in those at high risk of stroke,while physical exercise showed a negative correlation;these results were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Multiple logistic regression analysis [OR (95％CI)] showed that age [1.621 (1.410-1.865)],male sex [0.474 (0.378-0.594)],history of heart disease [1.336 (1.085-1.645)],diabetes [1.312 (1.021-1.685)],or hypertension [1.408 (1.074-1.846)],and increased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [1.444 (1.191-1.751)] were positively correlated with carotid atherosclerosis in those at high risk of stroke,while physical exercise [0.810 (0.690-0.950)] showed a negative correlation;these results were statistically significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Targeting elderly men at high risk of stroke for intervention and guidance to manage hypertension,diabetes,and other chronic diseases,as well as comprehensive preventive and control measures,including reasonable physical exercise,can effectively reduce the occurrence of carotid atherosclerosis in communities.

Glycosaminoglycan Content of the Lateral Compartment Cartilage in Knees Conforming to the Indications for Oxford Medial Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The quality of the lateral compartment cartilage is important to preoperative evaluation and prognostic prediction of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA). Delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) enables noninvasive assessment of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content in cartilage. This study aimed to determine the GAG content of the lateral compartment cartilage in knees scheduled to undergo Oxford medial UKA.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From December 2016 to May 2017, twenty patients (20 osteoarthritic knees) conforming to the indications for Oxford medial UKA were included as the osteoarthritis (OA) group, and 20 healthy volunteers (20 knees) paired by sex, knee side, age (±3 years), and body mass index (BMI) (±3 kg/m2) were included as the control group. The GAG contents of the weight-bearing femoral cartilage (wbFC), the posterior non-weight-bearing femoral cartilage (pFC), the lateral femoral cartilage (FC), and tibial cartilage (TC) were detected using dGEMRIC. The dGEMRIC indices (T1Gd) were calculated in the middle three consecutive slices of the lateral compartment. Paired t-tests were used to compare the T1Gd in each region of interest between the OA group and control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average age and BMI in the two groups were similar. In the OA group, T1Gd of FC and TC was 386.7 ± 50.7 ms and 429.6 ± 59.9 ms, respectively. In the control group, T1Gd of FC and TC was 397.5 ± 52.3 ms and 448.6 ± 62.5 ms, respectively. The respective T1Gd of wbFC and pFC was 380.0 ± 47.8 ms and 391.0 ± 66.3 ms in the OA group and 400.3 ± 51.5 ms and 393.6 ± 57.9 ms in the control group. Although the T1Gd of wbFC and TC tended to be lower in the OA group than the control group, there was no significant difference between groups in the T1Gd in any of the analyzed cartilage regions (P value of wbFC, pFC, FC, and TC was 0.236, 0.857, 0.465, and 0.324, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The GAG content of the lateral compartment cartilage in knees conforming to indications for Oxford medial UKA is similar with those of age- and BMI-matched participants without OA.</p>

An innovative three-dimensional method for identifying a proper femoral intramedullary entry point in total knee arthroplasty / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>Background:</b>Identification of the proper femoral intramedullary (IM) access point is an important determinant of final implant position in IM-guided total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study was to identify the optimal entry point in Chinese participants using a new three-dimensional method.</p><p><b>Methods:</b>A series of computed tomography scans of 44 femurs in Chinese participants from October 2014 to October 2015 were imported into Mimics 17.0 software to identify the optimal entry point. The apex of the intercondylar notch (AIN) was used as the reference bony anatomical landmark to identify the proper entry point to insert the IM rod. The statistical significance was calculated on the basis of a 5% level (P < 0.05) using the Student's t-test.</p><p><b>Results:</b>For the males, the average ideal entry point was 1.49 mm medial and 13.39 mm anterior to the AIN. The values were 1.77 mm medial and 15.29 mm anterior to the AIN in females. A significant difference was present between males and females (13.39 ± 2.46 mm vs. 15.29 ± 3.44 mm, t = 2.124, P = 0.040). When using the recommended location as the entry point for the IM rod, the mean potential error differed significantly from the femoral trochlear groove (the potential error of IM in males in coronal plane: 0.93° ± 0.24° vs. 1.27° ± 0.32°, t = -4.166, P <0.001; the potential error of IM in males in sagittal plane: 1.40° ± 0.42° vs. 2.79° ± 0.70°, t = 7.155, P < 0.001; the potential error of IM in females in coronal plane: 0.73° ± 0.28° vs. 1.15° ± 0.35°, t = 3.940, P < 0.001; and the potential error of IM in females in sagittal plane: 1.48° ± 0.47° vs. 2.76° ± 0.83°, t =5.574, P < 0.001). A significant difference was present between the recommended point and the point 10 mm anterior to the origin of the posterior cruciate ligament (the potential error of IM in males in coronal plane: 0.93° ± 0.24° vs. 1.53° ± 0.43°, t = 5.948, P < 0.001; the potential error of IM in males in sagittal plane: 1.40° ± 0.42° vs. 2.15° ± 0.75°, t = 3.152, P = 0.003; the potential error of IM in females in coronal plane: 0.73° ± 0.28° vs. 1.28° ± 0.42°, t = -4.632, P < 0.001; and the potential error of IM in females in sagittal plane: 1.48° ± 0.47° vs. 2.40° ± 0.93°, t = 3.763, P = 0.001).</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>The technique described here is an innovative method for swift, easy, and accurate access to the medullary canal during TKA, and it can optimize the position and orientation of the prosthetic components in knee arthroplasty.</p>

Ex-press glaucoma shunt with adjunctive amniotic membrane and mitomycin C for post-traumatic glaucoma / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To evaluate intraocular pressure (IOP) control and visual rehabilitation after placement of the Ex-press(R)miniature glaucoma shunt with adjunctive amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) and mitomycin C (MMC) in patients with post-traumatic open-angle glaucoma during 2y of follow up.METHODS: This was an interventional,2-year,observational study.Eighteen eyes were prospectively observed (in 18 patients with traumatic secondary open-angle glaucoma) in which Ex-press miniature glaucoma filtration shunts were implanted with AMT and MMC.The outcome measures included intraocular pressure (IOP),best corrected visual acuity (BCVA),number of antiglaucoma medications,and complications.The progress of all patients was monitored for 24mo.RESULTS: Complete success (IOP <21 mmHg without glaucoma medications) was seen in 15 of the 17 (88.2%) eyes enrolled in the study at 24mo after the operation.IOP decreased from 36.9±4.8 mmHg preoperatively to 15.4±3.5 mmHg at 12mo and 15.5±3.5 mmHg at 24mo postoperatively.Early postoperative hypertension developed in two patients (11.1%) due to postoperative fibrosis.Most of the patients had improved postoperative BCVA values at the final follow-up visit compared to their preoperative measurements.Two patients (11.1%) developed transient hypotony.There were no complications such as hyphema,choroidal effusion,shallow anterior chamber,the device touching the iris,or extrusion of the device.CONCLUSION: The Ex-press miniature glaucoma filtration shunt with adjunctive AMT and MMC is effective and safe in cases of traumatic open-angle glaucoma.Surgical management is an appropriate surgical treatment in this series of cases.

Relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and urine-to-creatinine ratio in patients with type 2 di-abetes mellitus / 医学研究生学报

Objective Little study has been done on the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ( NLR) and u-rine-to-creatinine ratio ( UACR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) .The article aimed to investigate the relationship be-tween NLR and UACR in T2DM patients. Methods 121 T2DM patients in our hospital from July 2015 to December 2015 were en-rolled and divided into patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) group(n=49) and non-DKD group(n=72).In accordance with UACR levels, the patients were divided into normoalbuminuria group ( n=72, male UACR<2.5 mg/mmol, female UACR<3.5 mg/mmol), microalbuminuria group ( n=33, male 2.5 mg/mmol≤UACR<30 mg/mmol, female 3.5 mg/mmol≤UACR<30 mg/mmol), and high-grade proteinuria group ( n=16, UACR≥30 mg/mmol ) . Clinical data and biochemical index were collected , which includes course of diabetes , glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) , 25-OH vita-min D, and fasting/postprandial blood glucose/insulin /c-peptide, followed by analysis on the risk factors of DKD . Results NLR was significantly increased in DKD group compared to non-DKD group (2.14±1.06 vs 1.76±0.76, P=0.025) and was in significant relation with UACR (r=0.273, P=0.003).No significant difference was found among patients with normoalbuminuria , microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed NLR (OR=1.829, 95%CI:1.051-3.183, P=0.033), course of di-abetes (OR=1.142,95%CI:1.062-1.229, P<0.001) and lipoprotein a (OR=1.026, 95%CI:1.001-1.051, P=0.039) as risk fac-tors for DKD. Conclusion It's the first report of the relationship between NLR and UACR , indicating NLR should be paid attention in patients with T2DM.

Relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and urine-to-creatinine ratio in patients with type 2 di-abetes mellitus / 医学研究生学报

Objective Little study has been done on the relationship between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ( NLR) and u-rine-to-creatinine ratio ( UACR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2DM) .The article aimed to investigate the relationship be-tween NLR and UACR in T2DM patients. Methods 121 T2DM patients in our hospital from July 2015 to December 2015 were en-rolled and divided into patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) group(n=49) and non-DKD group(n=72).In accordance with UACR levels, the patients were divided into normoalbuminuria group ( n=72, male UACR<2.5 mg/mmol, female UACR<3.5 mg/mmol), microalbuminuria group ( n=33, male 2.5 mg/mmol≤UACR<30 mg/mmol, female 3.5 mg/mmol≤UACR<30 mg/mmol), and high-grade proteinuria group ( n=16, UACR≥30 mg/mmol ) . Clinical data and biochemical index were collected , which includes course of diabetes , glycosylated hemoglobin ( HbA1c ) , 25-OH vita-min D, and fasting/postprandial blood glucose/insulin /c-peptide, followed by analysis on the risk factors of DKD . Results NLR was significantly increased in DKD group compared to non-DKD group (2.14±1.06 vs 1.76±0.76, P=0.025) and was in significant relation with UACR (r=0.273, P=0.003).No significant difference was found among patients with normoalbuminuria , microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria(P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed NLR (OR=1.829, 95%CI:1.051-3.183, P=0.033), course of di-abetes (OR=1.142,95%CI:1.062-1.229, P<0.001) and lipoprotein a (OR=1.026, 95%CI:1.001-1.051, P=0.039) as risk fac-tors for DKD. Conclusion It's the first report of the relationship between NLR and UACR , indicating NLR should be paid attention in patients with T2DM.

Sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency disorders in Wuhai, Inner Mongolia: an assessment / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the completion of a goal in elimination of iodine deficiency disorders IDD) in the 12th five-year plan for prevention and control of endemic diseases,to analyze the present situation of IDD in prevention and to improve sustainable control strategies in the city of Wuhai in Inner Mongolia.Methods In 2015,using the specific sampling method,5 units were selected from 3 counties of Wuhai according to their subarea positions of east,south,west,north and center,and then 1 township was randomly selected from each unit,40 school children (half males and half females) aged 8-10 and 20 pregnant women were investigated in each township.Goiter of children aged 8-10 was examined by B ultrasonic,the urinary iodine levels were detected by acid digestion arsenic-cerium contact method and the salt iodine levels were measured with the method of direct titrimetric method.Results Totally 900 edible salt samples of local residents had been examined and the median iodized salt iodine was 24.2 mg/kg,the consumption rate of iodized salt was 99.56％ (896/900),the coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.78％ (896/900),and the rate of qualified iodized salt was 99.78％ (898/898).The goiter rate of children was 0.33％ (2/600),urinary iodine level (UI) median was 221.6 μg/L in 600 children aged 8-10,the ratio of urinary iodine levels between 100-199 μg/L was 31.7％ and the median of urinary iodine was 122.15 μg/L in 300 pregnant women,the ratio of urinary iodine between 150-250 μg/L was 26.7％ (80/300).Conclusion Wuhai has achieved the goal of prevention and control of endemic disease prevention andcontrol of the 12th five-year plan,and reached the continuous state of elimination of IDD.

Discussing of influence mechanism of Chinese herbal monomer on physical stability of cream / 中国中药杂志

This study left flavonoids and alkaloids Chinese herbal monomer with common parent nucleus as cream base carriages drug respectively, cream base were prepared with stable span 60-tween 80 emulsification system. The near-infrared stability analysis technology was performed to quantitatively characterize the physical stability of cream. Base on the theory of gel network structure, theory of emulsification, theory of solubility parameter and theory of double layer, the influence mechanism of Chinese herbal monomer on physical stability of cream was discussed. The results showed that tetrahydropalmatine, matrine and naringenin had similar solubility parameter value with cream base material, creams prepared with those Chinese herbal monomer have higher Zeta potential value and stronger physical stability, and that those creams had similar microstructure information with cream base. However, a larger solubility parameter difference exists between baicalin, baicalein, berberine, palmatine and cream base material. Creams prepared with those Chinese herbal monomers had lower Zeta potential value and poorer physical stability, and that those creams had great different microstructure information with cream base.

Shear modulus measurement of biological tissues based on Zener model / 医用生物力学

Objective To measure the shear modulus of biological tissues by using Zener model so as to overcome the limitation of Voigt model-based ultrasound vibrometry, and to provide effective approaches of tissue characterization. Methods The mechanical constitutive relation-based shear wave propagation velocity formula was utilized to estimate the shear modulus in terms of the velocities at multiple frequencies via mathematical methods. To obtain shear wave velocities in different objects, experiments were conducted by using different consistencies-based gelatin models and thermally damaged porcine livers as subjects, in which shear waves were induced by ultrasound radio forces. Results Voigt and Zener models were utilized to fit the velocities respectively. The Zener model exhibited higher fitting accuracy than the Voigt model, and the shear modulus could well distinguish gelatin models with different consistencies or porcine livers of different damage degrees. Conclusions The method in this paper provides a potential means of measuring the shear modulus of biological tissues non invasively, which is very promising for tissue characterization and disease diagnosis in medicine.

Surveillance and research on acute meningitis, encephalitis syndrome in Guangxi, China / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate disease burden and epidemiological characteristics of acute meningitis/encephalitis, and provide the basis for the disease control strategy development.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A syndrome surveillance system was established in Guigang city with a population of 5 020 000. For the suspected cases, serum and CSF were collected, and bacterial culture, latex agglutination test, real-time PCR and ELISA tests were carried out. All involved cases were identified to 6 categories according to WHO case definition.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1424 suspected cases were evaluated in a surveillance of 30 months, yielding the incidence, mortality and mortality of 11.35/100 000 (1424/12 546 500 person years), 0.43/100 000 (54/12 546 500 person years), 3.79% (54/1424) respectively. A total of 103 and 51 cases were confirmed for JE, bacterial meningitis, with a incidence of 0.82/100 000 (103/12 546 500 person years), 0.41/100 000 (51/12 546 500 person years). 96.10% (99/103) of JE cases and 37.30% (19/51) bacterial meningitis cases occurred in < 10 years old children and < 5 years old children. A clinical misdiagnosis rate of 19.42% (20/103) and 15.69% (8/51) were observed for JE and bacterial meningitis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Acute encephalitis, meningitis syndrome can cause a higher burden of disease, of which the main components of viral encephalitis. Most of syndrome is occurred in summer and autumn, mainly reported in children of younger than 10 years old. A quite misdiagnosis would be made among meningitis and encephalitis syndrome cases.</p>

Simultaneous determination of ibuprofen and pseudoephedrin hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate in the compound buluoweimanamin tablets by HPLC / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>An HPLC method was developed to determinate Ibuprofen and Pseudoephedrine Hydrochloride and Chlorpheniramine Maleate in Compound BuluoWeimaNamin Tablets.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using HPLC with Kromasil C18 column, and acetonitrile -0.5% SDS- phosphate (580:420:1) as the mobile phase. The wavelength for detection was 262 nm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Better linearities and good correlation coefficients were obtained: the concentration ranges of ibuprofen, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate were over 2.062-14.434 microg (r=0.9999), 0.296-2.072l microg (r=0.9999), and 0.0204~0.1428 microg (r=0.9998), respectively. The recoveries of ibuprofen, pseudoephedrine hydrochloride and chlorpheniramine maleate were 99.98% (RSD=0.52%), 99.72 (RSD=0.82%) and 99.545 (RSD=0.76%), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method was convenient, accurate and specific. It can be used as a method to control quality of Compound Buluoweimanamin Tablets.</p>

Progress on neuropsychology and event-related potentials in patients with brain trauma / 法医学杂志

With the development of information technology, as one of the research frontiers in neurophysiology, event-related potentials (ERP) is concerned increasingly by international scholars, which provides a feasible and objective method for exploring cognitive function. There are many advances in neuropsychology due to new assessment tool for the last years. The basic theories in the field of ERP and neuropsychology were reviewed in this article. The research and development in evaluating cognitive function of patients with syndrome after brain trauma were focused in this review, and the perspectives for the future research of ERP was also explored.

The application of criminal responsibility rating scale for suspects with mental retardation / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the feasibility of the criminal responsibility rating scale for suspects with mental retardation.@*METHODS@#Ninety six suspects with mental retardation were evaluated by trained professionals according to the scale, and the results were compared to the expert's opinion.@*RESULTS@#The scores of three groups (no, diminished, and responsibility group) were 12.25 +/- 2.06, 28.62 +/- 4.57, 44.41 +/- 5.17 respectively and were significant different among them. All items had statistical correlation with the total score of the scale. Five factors were extracted by means of the factor analysis and they could explain 70.919% of the variation. The accuracy of retrospective cumulative square was 92.7%.@*CONCLUSION@#The Criminal Responsibility Rating Scale has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a reference in assessment of criminal responsibility.

Preliminary study on civil capacity rating scale for mental disabled patients / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To create civil capacity rating scale for mentally disabled patients, and explore its feasibility during the forensic psychiatric expertise.@*METHODS@#The civil capacity-related items were determined after discussion and consultation. The civil capacity rating scale for mentally disabled patients was established and the manual was created according to the logistic sequence of the assessment. The rating scale was used during the civil assessment in four institutes.@*RESULTS@#There were 14 items in civil capacity rating scale for mentally disabled patients. Two hundred and two subjects were recruited and divided into three groups according to the experts' opinion on their civil capacities: full civil capacity, partial civil capacity and no civil capacity. The mean score of the three groups were 2.32 +/- 2.45, 11.62 +/- 4.01 and 25.02 +/- 3.90, respectively, and there was statistical differences among the groups. The Cronbach alpha of the rating scale was 0.9724, and during the split-reliability test, the two-splited part of the rating scale were highly correlated (r = 0.9729, P = 0.000). The Spearman correlative coefficient between each item and the score of the rating scale was from 0.643 to 0.882 (P = 0.000). There was good correlation between the conclusion according to the rating scale and the experts' opinion (kappa = 0.841, P = 0.000). When the discriminate analysis was used, 7 items were included into the discrimination equation, and 92.6% subjects were identified as the correct groups using the equation.@*CONCLUSION@#There is satisfied reliability and validity on civil capacity rating scale for mentally disabled patients. The rating scale can be used as effective tools to grade their civil capacity during the forensic expertise.

A phantom study of tumor contouring on PET imaging / 中华核医学杂志

Objective To explore an algorithm to define the threshold value for tumor contouring on 18F-fluorodexyglucose (FDG) PET imaging. Methods A National Electrical Manufacturing Association (NEMA)NU 2 1994 PET phantom with 5 spheres of different diameters were filled with 18F-FDG. Seven different sphere-to-background ratios were obtained and the phantom was scanned by Discovery LS 4. For each sphere-to-background ratio, the maximum standardized uptake value ( SUVmax ) of each sphere, the SUV of the border of each sphere ( SUVborder ), the mean SUV of a 1 cm region of background (SUVbg) and the diameter (D) of each sphere were measured. SPSS 13.0 software was used for curve fitting and regression analysis to obtain the threshold algorithm. The calculated thresholds were applied to delineate 29 pathologically confirmed lung cancer lesions on PET images and the obtained volumes were compared with the volumes contoured on CT images in lung window. Results The algorithm for defining contour threshold is TH% = 33.1% + 46.8% SUVbg/SUVmax + 13.9%/D ( r = 0.994) by phantom studies. For 29 lung cancer lesions, the average gross tumor volumes ( GTV ) delineated on PET and CT are ( 7.36 ± 1.62 ) ml and (8.31 ±2.05) ml, respectively (t = -1.26, P＞0.05). Conclusion The proposed threshold algorithm for tumor contouring on PET image could provide comparable GTV with CT.

Clinical investigation on the alteration of 99Tcm-MIBI washout rate in ischemic myocardium / 中华核医学杂志

Objective To investigate the changes of early and delayed washout rates of 99Tcm-methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) in ischemic heart disease (IHD), and to explore the value of 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT in evaluating impairment of ischemic myocardial cells. Methods Patients diagnosed of IHD with three-vessel stenosis ( ≥50% ) without myocardial infarction based on angiography (CAG) underwent 99Tcm-MIBI static planar and gated SPECT imaging. The early (90 min after the intravenous injection) and delayed (4 h after the intravenous injection) washout rates of 99Tcm-MIBI and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of IHD patients and normal subjects were compared using t-test. Linear correlation analysis was performed between the early, delayed washout rates and LVEF measured by gated SPECT. Results Statistically significant lower early washout rate of 99Tcm-MIBI was observed in IHD group than control group: (13.44 ± 2.87 )%vs ( 17.32 ± 4.92) %, t = 2.384, P ＜ 0.05, but higher delayed washout rate of 99Tcm-MIBI was observed in IHD group than control group: (19.24 ±4.71)% vs (15.23 ±3.81)%, t= -2.246, P＜0.05. LVEF in IHD group was significantly lower than that in control group: (55.71 ±7.97)% vs (67.75 ±5.43)%, t =-4.418, P ＜0.01. There were no correlations between the early/delayed washout rates and LVEF, respectively in IHD patients (r = -0.212, P ＞ 0.05; r =0.352, P ＞ 0.05, respectively). Conclusion 99Tcm-MIBI washout rate may reflect myocardial cell impairment due to IHD.

Seroepidemical study of Coxsackievirus A 16, in four provinces, China, 2005 / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the situation of 1- 5-years-old children's antibody against Coxsackievirus A group 16 strain (CVA16) in Guangdong, Heilongjiang,Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, China, 2005, it can offer scientific evidences for preventing and controlling CVA16 causative hand-food and mouth disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using microneutrilization test, to study 503 serum samples randomly selected from sera collected in 2005.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Positive rate of anti-CVA16 antibody were 41.90%, 9.40%, 40.00% and 34.40% in Guangdong, Heilongjiang,Yunnan and Xinjiang, respectively. Antibody titer was relative low (average, 1: 6.1) and there was no statistical difference of geometry mean of antibody titer (GMT) among Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Yunnan (F = 0.97, 0.40, 1.06, respectively; P > 0.05), while there had statistical difference of GMT between Heilongjiang and other three regions( F = 10.61, P < 0.00).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There had probably existed local epidemic in some regions of Guangdong, Heilongjiang, Yunnan Province and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions, China, 2005 or even before, but the area and degree of transmission and epidemic had difference. Children aged from 1- 5-years-old were relatively susceptible population of CVA16 infection.</p>

Civil competence assessment of the mental disorders involved in compensation of personal injury / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To seek and ascertain indicators that can be used in the civil competence assessment of the mental disorders involved in compensation of personal injury.@*METHODS@#A retrospective study was made on the data related to the interviewee's mental status assessed by forensic experts during the period from 2003 to 2005 in Institute of Forensic Science, Ministry of Justice, P.R.China. The 6 indicators, including awareness of situation, factual understanding of issues, appreciation of likely consequences, rational manipulation of information, functioning in one's own environment, and communication of choice, were graded and statistically analyzed using SPSS 11.5 software.@*RESULTS@#The 6 indicators correlated well with the assessment of forensic experts ,with the related coefficient between 0.632 and 0.876, and the inter-related coefficient among the 6 indicators between 0.575 and 0.911.@*CONCLUSION@#The 6 indicators could be used for the civil competence assessment and may also be taken as the basis for further standardization and quantification of civil competence.