Résumé
Background: Foods have been many changes from production to tables and continuous control is necessary to maintain food safety and supply foods with good quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of some foods with high consumption in Zanjan city during the 5 years from 2009 to 2013
Methods: In a case-control descriptive study with an annually control program during 5 years from 2009 to 2014, some food samples including pasteurized milk, vegetables oils, flour, kabab, salt, confectionary products and a special sweet named nan-chay were collected and analyzed in food control laboratory of Zanjan university of medical sciences
Results: According to national standard of Iran, 68.4%, 46%, 24.3%, 10.4%, 9.3%, 5% of Nan-chay, salt, vegetable oils, kabab, confectionary products, pasteurized milk and samples were out of national standard limits and unacceptable, respectively. All flour samples had good standard quality. Mean±sd values of pH in Nan-chay samples were 7.5 and 1.19, respectively. Mean±sd values of the degree of purity in salt samples were 98.21 and 1.75, respectively
Conclusion: Results showed that among the 7 types of collected foods in Zanjan city, the most nonstandard cases were of Nan-chay samples and the best quality belongs to flour samples
Résumé
Background: Water treatment sometimes needs a coagulation and flocculation process to remove suspended and colloidal materials. Inorganic coagulants used create concerns about pollution of the environment and harmful effects on the human's health. The studies carried out previously indicated the capability of an active coagulant agent extracted from Descurainia Sophia seed to remove turbidity of water
Methods: : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of NaCl [0.05-1 gL-1], NaOH [0.01-0.1 gL-1], extraction duration [1-25 min] and the ultrasound frequency [0-45-75 kHz], used in the extraction of Descurainia Sophia seed, on the generation of color in purified water and to provide a model to predict the effects of the studied variables on color generation. Extraction was performed using water as solvent, supplemented with NaCl and NaOH and irradiated by ultrasound. Design of experiments and analysis of results were conducted by the D-optimal method based on the response surface methodology [RSM]
Results: The results demonstrated that only the effect of concentration of NaOH is significant in color generation [with p and It;0.05]
Conclusion: The effect of NaOH on color generation in purified water is predictable by the use of a statistically valid linear model at a confidence level of 95%
Résumé
Background: Turbidity removal using inorganic coagulants such as iron and aluminum salts in water treatment processes causes environmental and human health concern. Historically, the use of natural coagulant to purify turbid water has been practiced for a long time. Recent research indicates that Descurainia Sophia seed can be effectively used as a natural coagulant to remove water turbidity
Method: In this work, turbidity removal efficiency of Descurainia Sophia seed extract was compared with Ferric chloride. Experiments were performed in laboratory scale. The coagulation experiments were done with kaolin as a model soil to produce turbidity in distilled water. The turbidity removal efficiency of Descurainia Sophia seed extract and Ferric chloride were conducted with jar test apparatus. In all experiments, initial turbidity was kept constant 100[NTU]. Optimum combination of independent variables was used to compare two different types of coagulants
Result: The obtained results showed that Ferric chloride could remove 89.75% of the initial turbidity, while in case of Descurainia Sophia this value was 43.13%. The total organic carbon [TOC] analysis of the treated water using seed extract showed an increased concentration of TOC equal to 0.99 mg/L
Conclusions:This research has shown that Descurainia Sophia seed extract has an acceptable potential in the coagulation/flocculation process to treat turbid water