Résumé
BACKGROUND: The inducible forebrain-specific cholecystokinin receptor-2 (CCKR-2) double transgenic (tTA/tetO-CCKR-2 tg, abbreviated as dtg) mice are an ideal model of anxiety-related diseases. However, there is still a lack of model identification and life related data OBJECTIVE: To identify the genomic DNA of the offspring and the specific expression of CCKR-2 transgene in the forebrain, and to analyze the survival probability of dtg mice. METHODS: α-CaMKII/tTA single transgenic mice and tetO-CCKR-2 single transgenic mice were cross-fertilized to construct a dtg mouse model. The genomic DNA was extracted from the tail of the offspring, and the genotypes were detected by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis. Wild-type (WT) mice were used as controls. In situ hybridization was used to detect the expression of CCKR-2. Survival of dtg mice and WT mice (30 females and 30 males) was observed and recorded within 2 years. The study protocol was approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of Southwest Medical University, with an approval No. 20150068. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Agarose gel electrophoresis results showed the molecular weight of the PCR products of dtg mice was consistent with the expected target gene fragment. In situ hybridization results showed a strong signal of CCKR-2 was detected in the forebrain of dtg mice, but hardly present in the WT mice. The median survival time of dtg mice was 76 weeks in females and 77 weeks in males. The survival probability was decreased with age in dtg mice. The survival probability of WT mice was significantly better than that of dtg mice (P < 0.001). There was no significant sex difference between males and females of dtg mice (P=0.577). Therefore, the specific expression of CCKR-2 transgene in the forebrain can be identified using PCR amplification, genomic DNA extraction, agarose gel electrophoresis, and in situ hybridization. tTA/tetO-CCKR-2 double transgenic induction may shorten the survival time of mice, but no significant difference is observed between the females and males of dtg mice.
Résumé
Objectives To summarize and analyze the characteristics ofspina bifida occulta in prenatal ultrasound scan in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.Methods Sixteen singleton pregnant women with fetal spina bifida occulta who were diagnosed in the Ultrasonography Department of Dalian Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2014 to April 2015,were enrolled in this study.Diagnosis was made based upon the abnormalities found in the spinal column of fetus during routine ultrasound scan,followed by a close examination on the fetal spinal column and the position of conus medullaris by using multiple scan.Descriptive analysis was used to summarize the characteristics of spina bifida occulta in ultrasonic images.Results Among the 16 cases,12 had subcutaneous mass (nine cases had follicle-like anechoic mass and three cases had masses with strong echoes).The other four cases without subcutaneous mass manifested signs of disappeared physiological curvatures or disordered arrangement of spinal column,angulation deformity or scoliosis,or asymmetry in ossification centers of spinal column on both sides of lesions and lowered position of conus medullaris.Lemon shaped head and banana shaped cerebellum were seen in one case,while the other 15 cases were found no cerebral abnormalities.Eight cases had tethered cord (the position of conus medullaris was lower than the second lumber vertebra),six cases had unclear position of conus medullaris and the other two were normal.Diagnoses for all of the 16 cases were confirmed by MRI after delivery or autopsy or neonatal operation.Conclusions Abnormalities such as subcutaneous mass and tethered cord observed in prenatal ultrasound scan are significant indicators for suspected closed spinal dysraphism and further multiple scan is required to confirm the diagnosis.
Résumé
It is still contradictory whether PGI_2 and TXA_2 can influence hepatic is-chemic damage. Rats were divided into three groups at random. Group 1 and 2 were givensaline; group 3 were pretreated with indomethacin. 30 min before the induction of liverischemia drugs were injected into peritoneal cavity. After 2 h of ischemia and 2 hof reperfusion, the results showed that the TXB_2 content of ischemia group was higherand the P/T ratio was lower than that of the indomethacin group. The control groupshowed no change. Massive necrosis was observed in the ischemia group, but only focalnecrosis was seen in the indomethacin group. There was no hepatic necrosis in the controlgroup. The results suggested: 1. TXA_2 was an important cell injury agent; 2. Indomethacinhave protective effect on the reperfusion liver cell injury.