Considerations Regarding the Characteristics of Disabilities and the Result of PCR Tests during a COVID-19 Outbreak at a Facility for Persons with Disabilities / The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

Objective：As the number of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) increases, the infection control measures at facilities for persons with disabilities are also having a great impact. In January 2021, there was an outbreak at our facility for children with disabilities, which was found to have a total of 42 PCR-positive persons, 16 admitted patients, and 26 staff members. Although the 16 admitted patients had a mild illness, it was challenging to deal with it because we needed to continue nursing in the facility while taking isolation measures. Analysis was performed to determine the association between the characteristics of disabilities and the result of PCR tests.Methods：Multivariate nominal logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of age, sex, intellectual level, and degree of motor disabilities of all admitted patients with the results of PCR tests.Results：Age, sex, and intellectual level were not associated to the results of PCR tests. However, regarding degree of motor disabilities, there were significantly more PCR positive persons in the self-movable group than in the bedridden group.Conclusion：In our facility, contacts among patients and between patients and staffs are close because all patients need supports for individual disabilities. In particular, the self-movable group tends to be densely crowded and to have close relationships with each other, which was considered to be one of the factors of the outbreak. In facilities for persons with disabilities, infection control could be more difficult for patients who maintain a certain degree of self-movable functions.

Considerations Regarding the Characteristics of Disabilities and the Result of PCR Tests during a COVID-19 Outbreak at a Facility for Persons with Disabilities / The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

Objective：As the number of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) increases, the infection control measures at facilities for persons with disabilities are also having a great impact. In January 2021, there was an outbreak at our facility for children with disabilities, which was found to have a total of 42 PCR-positive persons, 16 admitted patients, and 26 staff members. Although the 16 admitted patients had a mild illness, it was challenging to deal with it because we needed to continue nursing in the facility while taking isolation measures. Analysis was performed to determine the association between the characteristics of disabilities and the result of PCR tests.Methods：Multivariate nominal logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of age, sex, intellectual level, and degree of motor disabilities of all admitted patients with the results of PCR tests.Results：Age, sex, and intellectual level were not associated to the results of PCR tests. However, regarding degree of motor disabilities, there were significantly more PCR positive persons in the self-movable group than in the bedridden group.Conclusion：In our facility, contacts among patients and between patients and staffs are close because all patients need supports for individual disabilities. In particular, the self-movable group tends to be densely crowded and to have close relationships with each other, which was considered to be one of the factors of the outbreak. In facilities for persons with disabilities, infection control could be more difficult for patients who maintain a certain degree of self-movable functions.

Determinación antropométrica para mobiliario escolar destinado a niños con discapacidad motriz en Ecuador / Anthropometric determination for school furniture designed to children with motor disabilities in Ecuador

Considerando que la inclusión social de personas con discapacidad en los centros de educación es relativamente baja, y tomando en cuenta que a nivel mundial solo un 2% de niños con discapacidad tienen acceso a la educación, se plantea el objetivo de aportar a la inclusión social de niños y niñas con discapacidad motriz en entornos escolares que se acoplen a sus características físicas, para lo cual se planteó una metodología de investigación basada en la definición de 25 variables antropométricas, que sirvieron de guía para la toma de datos antropométricos a una muestra de investigación de 384 niños y niñas que presentan discapacidad motriz leve de la República del Ecuador; obtenido un total de 9600 datos, a los mismos se les aplicó la prueba de Normalidad de Andersons Darling, dando como resultado que todos datos antropométricos se encontraban dentro del rango de normalidad determinado. Así también, con los datos obtenidos se calcularon los percentiles 2,5% y 97,5% con el objetivo de englobar al mayor número de personas en este estudio, además para su posterior análisis comparativo con los medidas especificadas en la Norma Técnica INEN 2583 (2011), obteniendo como resultado una pronunciada disparidad entre ellos, debido a que los primeros se basan en un estudio específico para niños/as con discapacidad motriz, mientras los segundos contemplan medidas estándar para el diseño de sillas y pupitres (mesas) escolares.

Whereas the social inclusion of people with disabilities in education centers is relatively low, and considering that globally only 2% of children with disabilities have access to education, it raises the objective of contribute to the social inclusion of children with motor disabilities in school environments, that fit their physical conditions, for which it is defined a methodology raised on definition of 25 anthropometric variables, which served as a guide for taking anthropometric data to a research sample of 384 children who have mild motor impairment of the Republic of Ecuador, obtained a total of 9600 data, the same was applied test Darling Normality Andersons, resulting that anthropometric data are within the range of normal. Well with the data obtained percentiles were calculated percentile 2.5% and 97.5% in order to encompass the largest number of people in this study, also for subsequent comparative analysis with data INEN Technical Standard 2583 (2011), resulting in a pronounced gap between research data and data from the Standard, because the first is based on a specific study for children with motor disabilities, while the latter measures contemplated school standard for the design of chairs and desks (tables).

Usability of Auxiliary Devices for Eye Drop Administration / 医薬品情報学

<b>Objective: </b>For pharmacists to select a suitable auxiliary device for eye drop administration for patients who have difficulty in applying eye drops, the pharmacists need to know the characteristics and level of difficulty of using each device.<br><b>Methods: </b>Thus, we compared the characteristics of New Rakuraku Tengan, Rakuraku Tengan III, and an eye-drop self-help device and also conducted a survey involving 40 healthy volunteers on each device’s accessibility and suitability for people with motor disabilities.<br><b>Results: </b>New Rakuraku Tengan received the highest score for “usage was able to easily understand” (70.0% of the respondents answered positively) and “suitability for poor-sighted people” (65.0%).  Rakuraku Tengan III received the highest score for the “effectiveness of photos and illustrations in the manual” (77.5%),but was evaluated to be difficult to use.  The eye-drop self-help device received the highest score for “suitability for people with difficulty raising their shoulders and arms” (75.0%).<br><b>Results: </b>Thus, we observed the need for pharmacists to have thorough knowledge of the products in order to recommend suitable auxiliary devices for eye drop administration for each patient.