A Randomized Human Study on the Safety and Effectiveness of Powdered Food of <i>Agaricus blazei Murill</i> / 日本補完代替医療学会誌

Safety and effectiveness of powered food made from <i>Agaricus blazei Murill</i> was evaluated by a randomized human study. 45 healthy subjects were divided into 3 groups in sequence: control, 1 pack and 3 packs/day-administered groups. Each group had 15 persons. They had each packs for 28 days, and followed, in every two weeks, by the evaluation with CTCAE v3.0, QOL (SF36-v2), and biochemical examinations including liver/lung/kidney function, insulin resistance and NK activity and high-sensitivity CRP. None of them had adverse events nor biochemical/lung abnormal examinations. 1 and 3 packs-administered groups improved their QOL, high-sensitivity CRP and NK activity in a dose-dependent manner. These results ascertained safety, and effectiveness of the powdered food made from <i>Agaricus blazei Murill</i> against presymptomatic disorders including metabolic syndrome.

Aureobasidium-Derived Soluble Branched (1,3-1,6) beta-Glucan (Sophy beta-glucan) Enhances Natural Killer Activity in Leishmania amazonensis-Infected Mice

The beta-glucans derived from yeast cell walls have been reported for having many immunomodulatory activities in vivo and in vitro. In this study, Aureobasidium-derived soluble branched (1,3-1,6) beta-glucan (Sophy beta-glucan) was checked for natural killer (NK) activity and for the production of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in Leishmania amazonensis infection. The main experiment was performed with a group of female C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, orally supplemented with 5% of Sophy beta-glucan and infected with promastogotes of L. amazonensis (1 x 10(7)) into the footpad. Increase in the footpad thickness with time was observed in BALB/c mice in spite of the oral Sophy beta-glucan supplement, but it was less in C57BL/6 mice. The difference in overall mean footpad thickness between 'infection only' versus 'infection + glucan' groups was statistically significant (P < 0.001). High NK activity in C57BL/6 than BALB/c mice was observed in 'glucan only' group compared to the control group and also in 'infection + glucan' group compared to 'infection only' group. The difference in the NK activity among these groups was significant (P < 0.05). The IFN-gamma level increased at weeks 7 and 8 post-infection in C57BL/6 mice and was significantly high in 'infection + glucan' group compared to the 'infection only' group (P < 0.05). IL-4 levels did not increase up to detectable levels throughout the study. The results led a conclusion that Sophy beta-glucan enhances NK activity and cellular immunity in L. amazonensis-infected mice.

Comparision study for the effect of murine's immunologic function with Bifidobacteria and E.coli's whole DNA / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To extract DNA from Bifidobacteria and E.coli cells and incubate DNA with IEL to observe.DNA's activation for IEL.Also plan to use the DNA to immune mice to observe the change of immunologic function,discuss the effect of Bifidobacteria and E.coli's whole DNA to murine and make a comparision study.Methods: Mice of Bifidobacteria DNA and E.coli's DNA treated groups are respectively given with DNA by muscular and subcutaneous injection. Detect the immunologic function of spleen cell, extract IEL cells and incubate them with DNA, detecting IEL activity and the production of cytokine. Results:The activities of IL 2 and NK are all significantly higer than those of in control groups (P

Restoration of P-glycoprotein function is involved in the increase of natural killer activity with exogenous interleukin-15 in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals

A depressed level of natural killer (NK) activity is one of the various immunologic abnormalities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Interleukin-15 (IL-15), an immunotherapeutic candidate in HIV infection, increases NK activity and induces the excretion of CC-chemokines from divergent immune cells, but the mechanisms of NK activity enhancement by IL-15 stimulation is not clearly established in HIV infection. This study examined whether CC-chemokines, which are known to increase NK activity, are secreted adequately in HIV-infected individuals, and also investigated whether P-glycoprotein is involved in NK activity enhancement after IL-15 administration. NK activity increased with IL-15 stimulation in NK cells of HIV-infected individuals, as it does in normal NK cells. IL-15 stimulates NK cells to secrete CC-chemokines, such as, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), macrophage chemotactic protein-1alpha (MCP-1alpha) and regulated upon activation, normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES) in both HIV-infected individuals and controls with no significant difference. P-glycoprotein expression and function is decreased in HIV-infected individuals and restored only in NK cells of HIV-infected individuals after IL-15 stimulation. P-glycoprotein may play a role in the mechanism of increased NK cell activity in HIV-infected individuals after IL-15 stimulation.

Comparison study of interferon-a combined chemotherapy versus chemotherapy only in patients with invasive uterine cervical cancer / 대한부인종양콜포스코피학회잡지

This study is to evaluate therapeutic effects between interferon-a combined chemotherapy and chemotherapy(5-fluorouracil, cisplatin) only in invasive uterine cervical cancer. The study included 35 cases of interferon-a combined chemotherapy group and 50 cases of chemotherapy(5-FU, cisplatin) only group. Then we analyzed the therapeutic effects with respect to size of tumor, number of lymphocyte subsets and NK activity, and SCC Ag(squamous cell carcinoma antigen) level in peripheral blood. (continue)

The effect of free oxgen radical scavengers and interleukin-2 on the UVB-induced suppression of human natural killer activity in vitro / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that in vitro exposure to ultraviolet B(UVB) radiation resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of natural killer activity(NK activity) of normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cella(PBMC), and that in vivo exposure to snlight also induced NK activity suppression. The precise meehanism of the UV-regulation on the riat iral killer system(NK system) is not established. Objective & METHOD: The purpose of this study is to examine whether the addition of interleukin-2(IL-2) and/or free oxygen radical scavengers, superoxide dismutas(SOD) or sodium azide(SA), is effective in reducing the UVJ3-induced suppression of NK activity of FBMC. RESULTS: The results are as follows 1. The suppressive effect of UVB radiat,ion on NK activity could successfully be prevented in the presence of SOD(100 and 1,000U/ml) during the radiation. 2. SA( LO and 10 M/ml) did not prevent the suppression of NK activity. 3. IL-2(100U/ml) markedly enhanced the NK activity of nonirradiated PBMC, but had no effect on irradiated PBMC. 4. Combination treatment with both IL-2 and free radical scavengers on UVB-irradiated PBMC resulted in no additive or synergistic effect on the prevention of the suppression of NK activity compared with a single treatment with either IL-2 or free radical scavengers. CONCLUSION: In the presserit study, we found that SOD providec a protective effect on NK activity during the UVB radiation and we suggest that superoxide anion(O ) might play a major role in the UV-regulatory mechanisms of the NK system.

PRELIMINARY STUDY ON NK ACTIVITY INHIBITION BY HUMAN SEMINAL PLASMA AND MICE SPLEEN / 中国免疫学杂志

In this paper,immunosuppression ofNK activity induced by(1)Human se-minal Plasma(HSP)and its Fraction-1 on sephadex G-100 in vitro;(2)in-travenous injection of HSP,Fraction-1 or mice sperm and(3)uptake of HSP,Fraction-1 or,mice sperm via rectalroute were studied.It has been pro-ved by our experiment that HSP,Fraction-1 and mice sperm possesspotent immunosuppressive effect interm of NK activity inhibition.Ascompared with intravenous injection,the immunosuppression induced byrectal exposure of HSP,Fraction-1or mice sperm is much stronger

STUDIES ON SPLENOCYTES NK ACTIVITY TO B CELL HYBRIODMA FROM DIFFERENT ORIGINS IN IMMUNODEFICIENT MICE / 中国免疫学杂志

10 kinds of normal and immunodifi-cient mice were used and they were found to have different levels ofNK activity.The NK activity toHuman to Human,Human to Mouseand Mouse to Mouse hybridomacells was much lower thanthat to YAC-1 cells in all mice andthere were no significant differencesbetween the two kinds of human Bcell hybridomas in susceptibility toNK cells.The results showed thatNK cells had no obvious effects onxenografts of human B cell hybri-domas.

Adjuvant Treatment with Chemotherapeutic Agents and Polyadenylic-Polyuridylic Acid in Operable Stomach Cancers: I. Enhancement of Natural Killer Cell Activity

Natural Killer (NK) cell activity of 47 operable stomach cancer patients was sequentially studied before and after chemotherapy in association with polyadenylic. polyuridylic acid [poly(A).poly(U)]. NK activity was determined by an in vitro 4 h chromium release assay using nonadherent mononuclear cells isolated from peripheral bloods as effectors and human myeloblastic cells (K562) as targets. The following results were obtained: 1) The mean NK activity of the 47 patients tested before chemotherapy was significantly lower than that of 14 healthy controls. 2) The patents who received chemotherapy consisting of 5 FU (12 mg/kg) and adriamycin (40 mg/M2) showed an increase in NK activity 5 days after injection as compared to that of the same patients tested before chemotherapy. 3) In these patients, an additional administration of poly(A) poly(U) (100mg) resulted in a further significant increase of NK activity 2 days later, whereas the control patients who received placebo showed no change of NK activity.